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WEB TABLES U.S. DEPARTMENT OF EDUCATION OCTOBER 2010 NCES 2011-172

Student Financing of Graduate and

First-Professional Education: 2007–08

This report was prepared for the National Center for Education Statistics under Contract No. ED-CO-0033 with MPR Associates, Inc. Mention of trade names, commercial products, or organizations does not imply endorsement by the U.S. Government. These Web Tables were authored by Emily Forrest Cataldi and Phoebe Ho of MPR Associates, Inc. The NCES Project Officer was Tracy Hunt-White. For questions about content or to view this report online, go to http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2011172.

In 2007–08, about 3 million students

were enrolled in graduate or first-

professional1 degree programs in the

United States. These students exhi-

bited wide variation both demographi-

cally and in the types of programs and

institutions they attended. They pur-

sued degrees in all types of fields, from

the physical and life sciences to the arts

and humanities to law and medicine.

Some worked while they were enrolled

while others did not. How these stu-

dents financed their graduate studies

in 2007–08 is the focus of these Web

Tables, which are divided into three

sections:

The tables in Section 1 include the

types of financial aid received by grad-

uate and first-professional students,

shown by students’ enrollment and

demographic characteristics. This sec-

tion includes the percentages of grad-

uate students who received grants,

loans, assistantships, or other types of

aid and the average amounts they re-

ceived.

Tables in Section 2 show the percen-

tage of graduate and first-professional

students who received aid from feder-

al, state, institutional, or private

sources, along with the average

amounts received from each source.

These are also shown by enrollment

and demographic characteristics.

The tables in Section 3 are dedicated

to employment among graduate stu-

dents. The percentage of graduate and

first-professional students who worked

while enrolled, average hours worked

per week, and the role in which stu-

dents saw themselves (i.e., as students

who work to meet expenses or as em-

ployees who study) are explored in this

section.

RELATED NCES REPORTS 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student

Aid Study (NPSAS:08): Student Financial

Aid Estimates for 2007–08: First Look

(NCES 2009-166).

DATA The estimates presented in these

tables were generated from the 2007–

08 National Postsecondary Student Aid

Survey (NPSAS:08), a comprehensive,

nationally representative survey of

how students finance their postsecon-

dary education conducted by the Na-

tional Center for Education Statistics

(NCES). NPSAS also includes a broad

array of demographic and enrollment

characteristics.

NPSAS uses a two-stage sampling de-

sign. Institutions are selected for inclu-

sion in the first stage, and from these

institutions students are selected in the

second stage. The NPSAS:08 target

population consisted of all eligible un-

2

dergraduate and graduate students

enrolled any time between July 1,

2007, and June 30, 2008 at Title IV2 eli-

gible postsecondary institutions in the

50 states, the District of Columbia, and

Puerto Rico. Approximately 114,000

undergraduates and 14,000 graduate

students were study respondents for

NPSAS:08.

For an overview of the survey metho-

dology, see appendix B of the report

2007–08 National Postsecondary Stu-

dent Aid Study (NPSAS:08): Student Fi-

nancial Aid Estimates for 2007–08: First

Look (http://nces.ed.gov/pubs2009/

2009166.pdf).

DATA ANALYSIS SYSTEM (DAS) These estimates were produced using

the Data Analysis System (DAS), a web-

based software application that

enables users to generate tables for

most of the postsecondary surveys

conducted by the NCES. The DAS pro-

duces the design-adjusted standard er-

rors necessary for testing the statistical

significance of differences between the

estimates. The DAS also contains a de-

tailed description of how each variable

was created and includes the wording

of questions for variables coming di-

rectly from the interview.

With the DAS, users can replicate or

expand upon the tables presented

here. The output from the DAS in-

cludes the parameter estimates (e.g.,

percentages or means), their standard

errors,3 and weighted sample sizes. If

the number of valid cases is too small

(i.e., fewer than 30 cases) to produce a

reliable estimate, the DAS prints the

message “low-N” instead of the esti-

mate.

In addition to generating tables, DAS

users may conduct covariance analyses

with either weighted least squares or

logistic regression. Many options are

available for output with the regression

results. For example, a Winsor filter can

be used to eliminate cases with ex-

treme values by deleting some cases

from the top and bottom of the range.

The DAS can be accessed electronically

at http://nces.ed.gov/DAS. If users are

new to the DAS, the DAS User Help

Center (http://nces.ed.gov/dasol/help)

provides online tutorials offering step-

by-step instructions on how to use all

the functions of the DAS. For a descrip-

tion of all the options available, users

should access the DAS at

http://nces.ed.gov/dasolv2.

For more information, contact

Aurora D’Amico

Postsecondary Studies Division

National Center for Education Statistics

1990 K Street NW

Washington, DC 20006-5652

(202) 502-7334

[email protected]

ENDNOTES 1 First-professional degree programs include: medicine or osteopathic medicine (M.D. or D.O.), chiropractic (D.C. or D.C. M.), dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.), optometry (O.D.), pharmacy (D.Pharm.), podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.M.), veteri-nary medicine (D.V.M.), law (LL.B. or J.D.), and theology (M.Div., M.H.L., or B.D.). 2 Title IV institutions are those eligible to par-ticipate in the federal financial aid programs included in Title IV of the Higher Education Act. These programs include Pell Grants, fed-eral student loans, work-study, and other fed-eral aid. 3 NPSAS samples are not simple random sam-ples; therefore, simple random sample tech-niques for estimating sampling errors cannot be applied to these data. The DAS takes into account the complexity of the sampling pro-cedures and calculates standard errors appro-priate for such samples using a bootstrap technique. This technique approximates the estimator by replications of the sampled population.


Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

All students

Total 73.7 41.1 8.8 42.7 38.9 15.2 1.7 Master’s degree/institution type 73.5 40.3 7.0 43.6 39.4 10.8 1.2

Public 70.3 40.9 10.4 36.9 32.3 16.4 0.7Non-doctorate-granting 61.5 28.2 3.9 37.3 30.4 7.9 ‡Doctorate-granting 72.9 44.7 12.4 36.8 32.8 18.9 0.9

Private nonprofit 73.6 41.6 4.0 43.8 40.3 6.7 2.1Non-doctorate-granting 72.8 36.2 4.2 47.7 45.2 3.6 1.2Doctorate-granting 73.8 43.5 3.9 42.4 38.5 7.8 2.3

Doctoral degree/institution type 85.9 53.8 22.8 31.8 29.3 47.0 2.7Public 84.2 58.0 31.9 23.4 21.3 56.5 1.7Private nonprofit 87.1 53.6 10.6 33.2 30.3 41.0 4.0 !

First-professional degree/institution type 87.6 41.0 2.6 78.7 76.4 8.3 5.5Public 88.0 42.6 4.5 78.6 76.9 10.8 2.9Private nonprofit 87.4 39.8 ‡ 78.7 76.1 6.5 7.4

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 87.0 45.5 12.3 58.2 55.2 25.4 4.1Full-time/part-year 72.0 34.9 8.0 38.3 32.9 19.0 0.8 !Part-time/full-year 74.1 42.2 8.5 42.8 39.5 11.4 0.8Part-time/part-year 56.8 36.7 5.0 24.3 19.6 4.9 ‡

See notes at end of table.

Table 1.1.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by type of Table 1.1.—aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: 2007–08

Graduate level, institution type,and attendance status

Grants Loans


Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Work-study

Full-time/full-year students


Public 86.3 48.9 21.2 52.4 49.1 35.6 2.7Non-doctorate-granting 76.9 20.1 6.1 ! 60.4 54.7 20.0 ‡Doctorate-granting 87.7 53.2 23.4 51.2 48.2 37.9 3.0

Private nonprofit 81.9 42.1 4.1 61.1 57.5 11.4 5.6Non-doctorate-granting 86.7 35.4 4.8 ! 75.1 73.2 5.7 3.3 !Doctorate-granting 80.7 43.9 3.9 57.4 53.3 13.0 6.2

Doctoral degree/institution type 93.0 59.3 25.9 35.8 33.9 54.3 3.9Public 92.1 64.4 39.4 28.3 27.0 66.5 2.1Private nonprofit 94.4 61.6 12.4 35.3 32.9 48.0 5.6 !

First-professional degree/institution type 88.1 40.3 1.6 81.3 79.8 7.8 6.0Public 88.0 42.1 3.2 81.1 80.0 9.4 3.0Private nonprofit 88.2 38.8 0.4 ! 81.5 79.7 6.6 8.4

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.2 Based primarily on student report.

SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

Grants Loans

Table 1.1.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by type of Table 1.1.—aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: 2007–08—Continued

Assistant-ships2


NOTE: Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.


Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

All students


Public 1.16 1.25 0.73 0.96 0.59 0.83 0.15Non-doctorate-granting 2.63 2.96 1.12 2.99 2.66 1.30 †Doctorate-granting 1.40 1.55 0.89 1.09 0.88 1.00 0.19


Doctoral degree/institution type 0.74 1.26 0.99 1.49 1.45 1.42 0.57Public 0.98 1.28 1.40 1.36 1.14 1.63 0.26Private nonprofit 0.98 1.84 1.16 2.06 1.81 1.76 1.35

First-professional degree/institution type 1.19 1.55 0.57 1.65 1.92 0.75 1.01Public 1.67 2.65 0.95 2.22 2.38 1.30 0.74Private nonprofit 1.66 1.73 † 2.11 2.52 0.77 1.73

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 0.65 1.37 0.66 1.27 1.24 0.93 0.52Full-time/part-year 2.41 2.37 1.04 2.45 2.69 1.70 0.25Part-time/full-year 1.18 1.08 0.57 1.19 1.02 0.62 0.12Part-time/part-year 1.65 1.60 0.62 1.21 1.13 0.56 †


Loans

Table S1.1.—Standard errors for table 1.1: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S1.1.—received financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendanceTable S1.1.—status: 2007–08

Grants



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study






First-professional degree/institution type 1.18 1.78 0.47 1.69 1.71 0.77 1.13Public 1.88 2.91 0.92 2.25 2.24 1.31 0.82Private nonprofit 1.72 2.17 0.18 2.21 2.23 0.84 1.96

† Not applicable.


Grants Loans


Table S1.1.—Standard errors for table 1.1: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S1.1.—received financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendanceTable S1.1.—status: 2007–08—Continued



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

All students

Total $17,600 $7,500 $6,800 $18,500 $15,600 $12,100 $4,000 Master’s degree/institution type 14,400 6,500 6,400 15,600 13,700 9,700 4,100

Public 12,900 5,800 6,400 13,300 12,900 10,300 4,900Non-doctorate-granting 9,100 3,200 3,200 11,000 11,700 6,400 ‡Doctorate-granting 13,800 6,300 6,700 14,000 13,200 10,800 ‡

Private nonprofit 15,400 7,100 6,800 17,700 14,500 7,700 3,800Non-doctorate-granting 12,800 4,900 3,200 14,900 13,400 6,500 ‡Doctorate-granting 16,400 7,700 8,200 18,800 14,900 7,900 3,700

Doctoral degree/institution type 23,800 12,200 7,800 20,300 17,800 15,400 5,300Public 22,200 11,300 7,800 14,400 14,000 15,300 5,900Private nonprofit 25,900 14,700 9,300 24,400 20,600 15,700 4,400

First-professional degree/institution type 33,200 8,500 8,500 31,400 22,700 6,500 2,700Public 29,000 6,600 ‡ 27,200 23,100 9,100 ‡Private nonprofit 36,200 10,000 ‡ 34,400 22,400 3,400 2,600

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 26,300 11,400 9,100 24,300 18,600 13,000 4,000Full-time/part-year 13,400 7,600 5,600 12,600 11,300 10,800 ‡Part-time/full-year 14,100 5,700 5,300 15,700 14,700 11,200 4,400Part-time/part-year 7,500 3,600 2,900 9,600 9,700 10,400 ‡


Total 26,300 11,400 9,100 24,300 18,600 13,000 4,000 Master’s degree/institution type 22,100 10,100 9,000 20,400 15,900 10,100 4,400

Public 20,700 10,000 8,400 17,200 15,100 10,800 ‡Non-doctorate-granting 14,400 ‡ ‡ 14,700 13,700 ‡ ‡Doctorate-granting 21,600 10,400 8,500 17,600 15,400 11,100 ‡

Private nonprofit 24,700 10,300 10,700 23,900 17,300 8,000 4,200Non-doctorate-granting 20,300 6,700 ‡ 19,300 16,100 ‡ ‡Doctorate-granting 25,900 11,100 13,100 25,500 17,700 8,200 4,200


Grants Loans

Table 1.2.—Average amount of financial aid received by aided graduate and first-professional students Table 1.2.—who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: Table 1.2.—2007–08



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Doctoral degree/institution type $28,200 $15,000 $9,200 $23,000 $19,100 $16,300 $5,000Public 26,400 13,700 9,300 16,200 14,800 16,100 4,500Private nonprofit 30,100 17,100 9,400 27,200 22,000 16,800 4,500

First-professional degree/institution type 35,500 8,800 ‡ 33,000 23,500 6,900 2,600Public 30,700 6,900 ‡ 28,200 23,800 9,800 ‡Private nonprofit 39,300 10,400 ‡ 36,700 23,400 3,600 2,600

‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.2 Based on amounts reported by students or institutions.


Table 1.2.—Average amount of financial aid received by aided graduate and first-professional students Table 1.2.—who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: Table 1.2.—2007–08—Continued

Grants Loans

NOTE: Average aid amounts include only graduate and first-professional students who received that type of aid. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

All students

Total $260 $250 $250 $150 $80 $250 $340 Master’s degree/institution type 240 230 330 220 180 370 410

Public 320 250 360 270 250 450 980Non-doctorate-granting 550 270 610 720 630 1,040 †Doctorate-granting 400 280 360 320 300 500 †

Private nonprofit 340 280 530 350 250 500 400Non-doctorate-granting 400 260 560 360 320 890 †Doctorate-granting 430 340 650 500 350 570 420

Doctoral degree/institution type 450 510 250 680 540 310 870Public 560 800 280 540 530 270 660Private nonprofit 740 710 640 830 910 650 1,220

First-professional degree/institution type 670 400 1,420 580 420 680 260Public 790 550 † 740 580 1,020 †Private nonprofit 1,130 600 † 990 540 420 320

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 310 430 320 310 210 310 400Full-time/part-year 480 530 330 470 780 650 †Part-time/full-year 250 180 310 280 240 460 520Part-time/part-year 320 190 330 480 410 770 †


Total 310 430 320 310 210 310 400 Master’s degree/institution type 500 570 510 470 310 470 510

Public 700 660 560 450 340 560 †Non-doctorate-granting 950 † † 1,230 1,340 † †Doctorate-granting 780 680 560 480 370 600 †

Private nonprofit 620 590 1,000 640 380 1,050 500Non-doctorate-granting 880 760 † 740 550 † †Doctorate-granting 760 640 970 810 490 1,170 530


Table S1.2.—Standard errors for table 1.2: Average amount of financial aid received by aided graduate Table S1.2.—and first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution Table S1.2.—type, and attendance status: 2007–08

Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Doctoral degree/institution type $560 $730 $350 $860 $720 $380 $960Public 840 1,370 390 850 810 390 760Private nonprofit 770 840 890 1,030 1,100 730 1,320

First-professional degree/institution type 630 430 † 540 430 790 260Public 850 650 † 760 600 1,330 †Private nonprofit 870 660 † 760 540 480 350

† Not applicable.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).

Grants Loans

Table S1.2.—Standard errors for table 1.2: Average amount of financial aid received by aided graduate Table S1.2.—and first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution Table S1.2.—type, and attendance status: 2007–08—Continued


Graduate level and selectedstudent characteristics

Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

All students

Total 73.7 41.1 8.8 42.7 38.9 15.2 1.7 Master’s students

Total 73.5 40.3 7.0 43.6 39.4 10.8 1.2 Gender

Male 74.5 45.2 7.4 38.0 33.1 13.6 1.2Female 72.9 37.2 6.8 47.1 43.3 9.1 1.2

Race/ethnicity3

White 71.5 41.2 7.0 40.3 36.6 10.7 1.2Black 85.0 32.7 4.8 66.5 63.5 7.1 0.8 !Hispanic 79.2 38.9 8.7 55.4 49.4 8.6 1.4 !Asian 66.9 45.4 8.9 25.0 17.3 19.3 1.8Two or more races 75.7 38.6 7.3 ! 47.7 45.8 5.5 ! ‡Other 71.4 40.2 8.7 ! 42.4 41.5 8.4 ! #

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 75.8 40.4 10.6 45.0 39.5 22.1 2.825–29 75.5 40.0 8.5 46.6 42.7 13.4 1.630–34 73.7 41.9 5.7 43.0 39.7 5.7 0.5 !35–39 75.5 37.9 4.8 47.6 41.2 4.8 ‡40 or older 67.0 40.8 3.8 35.8 33.0 4.0 0.2 !

Marital statusMarried 69.1 44.2 5.4 33.9 31.3 5.8 0.4Not married or separated 76.6 37.5 8.2 50.4 45.1 14.4 1.8

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)4

Lowest 25 percent 75.7 33.9 10.1 52.0 44.9 22.4 3.2Lower middle 25 percent 81.0 34.8 9.5 56.8 53.0 16.4 1.2Upper middle 25 percent 69.7 42.5 4.9 40.3 37.3 3.6 0.5 !Highest 25 percent 68.5 48.7 4.3 27.3 24.1 3.1 0.3 !

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 74.7 40.3 6.7 46.6 43.1 9.3 1.2Resident alien 73.1 50.2 5.8 36.8 34.2 7.1 ‡Foreign/international student5 59.9 35.7 12.0 13.1 # 29.2 1.3 !


Loans

Table 1.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by typeTable 1.3-A.—of aid, graduate level, and selected student characteristics: 2007–08

Grants



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Type of master’s degreeBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 80.7 48.3 4.4 45.2 42.1 6.3 0.5 !Education (any master’s) 65.6 29.7 5.0 44.4 39.5 6.1 0.6M.A. except in education 76.0 39.1 7.7 48.8 45.8 16.9 1.7M.S. except in education 74.5 45.8 11.0 36.0 30.9 19.2 1.1Any other master’s 77.0 44.5 8.2 46.4 42.7 10.2 2.8

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 84.8 42.4 10.6 60.1 55.9 19.4 3.5Full-time/part-year 71.9 34.3 5.5 43.0 37.0 12.6 1.0 !Part-time/full-year 74.1 41.9 6.7 43.0 39.6 8.6 0.4Part-time/part-year 62.3 38.7 4.6 28.2 23.8 4.4 ‡

Graduate field of study6

Humanities 74.2 48.0 10.1 37.3 34.4 17.9 2.4Social/behavioral sciences 75.0 30.6 6.6 57.7 55.1 11.8 2.0Life and physical sciences 74.6 46.2 13.8 36.6 34.7 30.0 2.4Engineering/computer science/mathematics 76.1 54.6 12.4 19.3 11.8 26.4 ‡Education 64.7 29.1 4.8 43.8 39.5 5.7 0.6Business/management 80.2 46.6 4.6 45.0 40.2 6.2 0.7Health 75.8 43.4 7.4 51.6 48.5 8.9 1.8Other/undeclared 76.3 41.0 9.8 50.4 47.4 12.5 2.7

Doctoral students

Total 85.9 53.8 22.8 31.8 29.3 47.0 2.7 Gender

Male 88.5 57.3 26.2 26.8 24.6 53.2 1.6Female 83.3 50.3 19.4 36.6 33.9 41.0 3.7

Race/ethnicity3

White 83.9 53.3 21.8 34.6 32.5 45.1 3.2Black 83.8 39.6 12.6 57.8 51.0 22.3 ‡Hispanic 90.6 57.5 26.4 33.4 30.7 41.8 2.1 !Asian 90.8 61.1 30.3 7.2 5.6 70.0 1.3 !Two or more races 94.0 57.5 25.7 38.8 36.3 37.0 ‡Other 86.7 46.3 13.3 ! 22.3 ! 22.3 ! 46.3 #

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 94.2 63.3 25.4 35.4 33.5 49.4 1.925–29 92.8 60.3 27.3 34.5 32.5 58.1 4.430–34 85.8 52.8 23.0 24.5 22.7 56.9 2.0 !35–39 80.2 46.5 22.3 35.0 29.9 35.0 1.4 !40 or older 70.8 40.4 13.0 29.6 26.5 22.9 1.5 !


Loans

Table 1.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by typeTable 1.3-A.—of aid, graduate level, and selected student characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

Grants



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study



Lowest 25 percent 90.5 53.2 23.5 44.0 40.1 47.7 6.2Lower middle 25 percent 95.0 65.9 30.3 27.0 25.9 66.4 3.0Upper middle 25 percent 80.0 46.3 18.3 30.2 27.8 37.3 0.8 !Highest 25 percent 73.6 44.6 15.9 26.3 23.3 28.4 ‡

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 84.3 52.5 20.5 40.3 37.7 38.2 3.0Resident alien 80.5 45.0 16.4 17.6 16.1 52.2 ‡Foreign/international student5 92.7 60.0 32.5 2.1 ! # 79.4 1.6 !

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 90.9 63.9 30.0 20.4 18.9 61.5 2.0Education (any doctoral) 73.6 38.8 14.8 42.1 35.8 23.5 0.9 !Any other doctoral 81.2 38.8 10.6 52.2 49.7 26.9 5.3 !

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 93.0 59.3 25.9 35.8 33.9 54.3 3.9Full-time/part-year 85.3 49.9 24.2 17.8 15.9 58.3 #Part-time/full-year 80.2 51.1 22.4 33.8 31.1 35.1 2.2Part-time/part-year 64.1 36.5 7.5 21.5 16.1 26.0 ‡


Humanities 82.1 55.6 18.8 25.7 23.8 48.7 2.0 !Social/behavioral sciences 88.6 45.6 19.3 47.9 46.0 47.0 6.7 !Life and physical sciences 89.8 69.2 30.1 15.2 12.6 57.9 1.4 !Engineering/computer science/mathematics 92.8 60.9 34.7 16.4 ! 15.5 ! 63.8 1.1 !Education 73.0 39.2 15.4 39.1 33.2 24.4 0.7 !Business/management 84.8 33.5 13.5 ! 42.6 38.8 34.1 #Other/undeclared 85.7 55.1 19.0 40.0 38.1 42.4 4.2 !

First-professional students

Total 87.6 41.0 2.6 78.7 76.4 8.3 5.5 Gender

Male 86.5 40.6 2.3 ! 76.4 73.2 8.0 5.2Female 88.7 41.4 2.8 80.9 79.5 8.6 5.8


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Race/ethnicity3

White 88.1 41.7 2.8 78.6 76.5 8.5 5.7Black 91.8 44.1 ‡ 83.0 77.9 ‡ 6.4Hispanic 89.8 38.6 ‡ 86.6 85.8 ‡ ‡Asian 79.8 33.3 ‡ 69.8 67.2 10.7 4.1 !Two or more races 94.7 52.6 # 89.7 89.7 ‡ 15.4 !Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 85.3 41.1 1.9 ! 77.3 76.1 6.6 5.725–29 89.4 39.8 3.1 82.2 80.5 10.1 5.730–34 93.4 40.0 ‡ 83.9 80.4 12.1 ‡35–39 90.3 48.5 ‡ 73.8 63.6 ‡ ‡40 or older 79.8 45.9 ‡ 57.5 51.3 ‡ ‡

Marital statusMarried 89.8 44.3 3.4 ! 75.2 70.0 9.3 2.6 !Not married or separated 87.0 40.0 2.4 79.7 78.3 8.0 6.4


Lowest 25 percent 87.2 37.6 1.9 ! 81.9 80.0 8.4 7.3Lower middle 25 percent 91.3 43.5 4.3 80.3 79.3 9.5 3.1 !Upper middle 25 percent 85.2 47.3 ‡ 70.6 65.4 7.0 ! 3.1 !Highest 25 percent 84.4 49.0 ‡ 62.5 58.3 6.5 ! ‡

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 88.2 41.3 2.3 79.9 78.0 8.0 5.7Resident alien 91.6 36.6 ‡ 81.3 78.4 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student5 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree program

Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 84.0 32.7 ‡ 76.4 74.6 8.4 6.6 !Other health science 89.8 43.7 3.5 ! 81.8 79.5 7.3 4.1 !Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 89.0 41.4 2.3 81.5 79.7 9.3 6.0Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 82.7 62.7 ‡ 50.7 43.0 ‡ ‡


Grants Loans

Table 1.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid, by typeTable 1.3-A.—of aid, graduate level, and selected student characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 88.1 40.3 1.6 81.3 79.8 7.8 6.0Full-time/part-year 81.8 32.3 ‡ 52.2 51.7 ‡ ‡Part-time/full-year 90.3 46.0 6.8 ! 76.0 71.1 12.3 4.7 !Part-time/part-year 75.8 51.4 ‡ 61.0 47.7 ! ‡ #

# Rounds to zero.! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.2 Based primarily on student report.

5 Foreign/international students are ineligible to participate in federal student loan programs.



Grants Loans

3 Black includes African American and Hispanic includes Latino. “Other” includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander, Native Hawaiian, and respondents having origins in a race not listed.


4 The income range for the lowest 25 percent is $13,170 or less; $13,171–37,425 for the lower middle 25 percent; $37,426–71,559 for the upper middle 25 percent; and $71,560 or more for the highest 25 percent.

6 Students’ majors do not always match the degree program they are pursuing; for example, M.B.A. students sometimes report a major other than business or management.



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

All students

Total 0.58 0.82 0.35 0.30 0.21 0.65 0.19 Master’s students

Total 0.68 1.06 0.38 0.60 0.47 0.45 0.14 Gender

Male 1.09 1.60 0.57 1.38 1.35 0.73 0.20Female 0.92 1.17 0.45 1.03 0.94 0.53 0.16

Race/ethnicity

White 0.91 1.24 0.47 0.88 0.76 0.54 0.17Black 1.57 3.04 0.86 2.67 2.70 1.29 0.33Hispanic 2.00 2.55 1.40 2.39 2.60 1.20 0.45Asian 2.57 2.68 1.24 2.32 2.10 1.74 0.47Two or more races 5.34 6.03 3.37 6.13 5.99 2.17 †Other 8.55 8.09 4.22 8.04 7.96 3.84 †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.51 1.58 0.98 1.75 1.77 1.27 0.3825–29 1.17 1.29 0.83 1.22 1.25 0.81 0.2630–34 1.63 2.71 0.80 2.60 2.53 0.70 0.1535–39 2.31 2.36 1.04 3.10 3.23 0.87 †40 or older 2.21 2.53 0.64 2.23 2.32 0.55 0.11


Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)

Lowest 25 percent 1.27 1.54 0.85 1.57 1.72 1.25 0.45Lower middle 25 percent 1.21 1.82 1.00 1.83 1.92 1.40 0.22Upper middle 25 percent 1.47 1.83 0.67 1.56 1.52 0.47 0.17Highest 25 percent 1.73 1.97 0.52 1.42 1.40 0.43 0.12

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 0.71 1.10 0.39 0.68 0.53 0.48 0.15Resident alien 3.58 5.27 1.60 3.80 3.82 1.69 †Foreign/international student 2.37 2.38 1.76 2.17 † 2.36 0.49


Grants Loans

Table S1.3-A.—Standard errors for table 1.3-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S1.3-A.—who received financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S1.3-A.—characteristics: 2007–08



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Type of master’s degreeBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 1.59 3.42 0.72 2.14 2.21 0.91 0.18Education (any master’s) 1.51 1.46 0.64 1.93 1.68 0.56 0.15M.A. except in education 2.22 1.97 1.36 3.06 3.01 1.88 0.44M.S. except in education 1.55 1.86 0.98 1.58 1.54 1.19 0.25Any other master’s 1.50 2.26 0.96 2.04 2.07 1.10 0.49

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 1.10 2.06 0.87 1.72 1.61 1.08 0.43Full-time/part-year 2.96 2.89 1.03 3.22 3.48 1.57 0.34Part-time/full-year 1.08 1.26 0.60 1.26 1.16 0.61 0.09Part-time/part-year 1.87 1.99 0.65 1.46 1.37 0.55 †

Graduate field of studyHumanities 2.43 2.73 1.74 2.43 2.29 2.18 0.64Social/behavioral sciences 2.56 2.78 1.51 3.08 3.17 1.77 0.56Life and physical sciences 4.00 4.39 2.46 3.72 3.58 3.74 0.58Engineering/computer science/mathematics 2.38 2.96 1.54 1.89 1.70 1.90 †Education 1.56 1.49 0.67 1.94 1.76 0.53 0.16Business/management 1.47 2.84 0.63 1.91 1.95 0.82 0.19Health 2.75 2.77 1.22 2.75 3.12 1.47 0.53Other/undeclared 2.04 2.36 1.21 2.23 2.29 1.21 0.56

Doctoral students

Total 0.74 1.26 0.99 1.49 1.45 1.42 0.57 Gender

Male 0.93 2.02 1.50 2.15 2.21 2.10 0.29Female 1.16 1.67 1.11 2.01 2.03 1.69 1.08

Race/ethnicity

White 1.01 1.73 1.13 1.88 1.85 1.77 0.74Black 2.94 3.97 2.53 5.44 5.33 3.86 †Hispanic 2.65 5.30 6.86 4.66 4.67 5.69 0.84Asian 1.25 2.33 2.25 1.40 1.22 2.21 0.44Two or more races 4.25 7.66 6.65 7.87 7.82 6.55 †Other 7.15 8.95 5.88 8.24 8.24 10.51 †


Grants Loans

Table S1.3-A.—Standard errors for table 1.3-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S1.3-A.—who received financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S1.3-A.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.59 3.40 3.42 3.19 3.07 3.43 0.5225–29 1.16 3.01 1.62 3.06 3.06 2.99 1.1030–34 1.46 1.78 1.74 2.23 1.81 2.38 0.6635–39 2.21 3.99 2.49 4.23 4.59 3.83 0.5240 or older 2.10 2.36 1.34 2.77 2.88 2.37 0.64


Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1.61 3.19 2.55 3.24 3.03 2.97 1.76Lower middle 25 percent 0.74 1.64 1.66 1.93 1.92 2.08 0.60Upper middle 25 percent 1.74 3.27 1.73 4.33 4.43 3.01 0.28Highest 25 percent 1.99 2.35 1.66 2.87 3.18 2.16 †

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 0.93 1.60 1.17 1.69 1.72 1.52 0.73Resident alien 3.45 4.34 2.72 3.62 3.44 5.37 †Foreign/international student 1.20 2.50 2.68 0.87 † 1.71 0.57

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 0.71 1.43 1.47 1.65 1.58 1.73 0.25Education (any doctoral) 2.36 2.14 1.47 2.92 2.93 2.58 0.43Any other doctoral 2.01 3.37 1.40 3.39 3.42 2.62 2.10

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 0.84 2.34 1.57 2.33 2.24 2.30 0.97Full-time/part-year 2.74 4.01 3.47 4.29 4.03 3.27 †Part-time/full-year 1.48 1.85 1.36 1.57 1.57 1.61 0.40Part-time/part-year 3.31 3.09 2.08 3.87 4.65 3.56 †

Graduate field of studyHumanities 1.95 3.23 2.09 3.21 3.20 2.99 0.61Social/behavioral sciences 1.55 4.06 2.30 4.82 4.87 4.28 2.21Life and physical sciences 1.68 2.49 2.59 1.82 1.71 2.32 0.56Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1.09 4.61 3.48 5.80 5.88 5.39 0.37Education 2.42 2.15 1.58 3.10 2.63 2.50 0.34Business/management 5.75 9.14 4.36 9.74 10.25 7.14 †Other/undeclared 1.79 2.81 1.45 2.42 2.24 2.05 1.86


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study


Total 1.19 1.55 0.57 1.65 1.92 0.75 1.01 Gender

Male 1.47 2.02 0.89 2.17 2.61 0.96 1.16Female 1.42 2.10 0.66 1.73 1.85 1.10 1.36

Race/ethnicityWhite 1.41 1.68 0.70 1.89 2.17 0.86 1.16Black 3.86 6.36 † 5.02 5.52 † 1.83Hispanic 3.67 5.12 † 5.58 5.55 † †Asian 3.47 3.84 † 4.55 4.79 2.62 1.65Two or more races 6.23 9.83 † 6.66 6.66 † 7.00Other † † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.99 2.14 0.79 2.65 2.66 0.98 1.0625–29 1.54 2.45 0.85 1.75 1.79 1.24 1.1630–34 2.41 4.58 † 3.83 4.58 2.95 †35–39 5.71 8.97 † 6.76 7.41 † †40 or older 5.27 6.42 † 5.59 6.18 † †


Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1.66 1.89 0.62 1.92 2.03 1.05 1.24Lower middle 25 percent 1.60 3.31 1.15 2.77 2.86 1.64 1.14Upper middle 25 percent 3.27 4.15 † 3.51 3.99 2.30 1.42Highest 25 percent 3.91 5.29 † 4.86 5.24 2.52 †

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 1.15 1.65 0.51 1.63 1.86 0.74 1.06Resident alien 3.70 6.89 † 5.82 6.17 † †Foreign/international student † † † † † † †


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.18 3.35 † 2.79 3.02 1.69 2.91Other health science 2.16 3.52 1.14 2.74 2.81 1.74 1.25Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.46 2.03 0.63 1.90 2.06 0.96 1.28Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 3.91 5.57 † 6.62 7.35 † †


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 1.18 1.78 0.47 1.69 1.71 0.77 1.13Full-time/part-year 6.59 5.45 † 8.24 8.34 † †Part-time/full-year 2.46 3.89 2.99 3.96 4.48 2.49 2.05Part-time/part-year 7.77 8.96 † 11.66 14.39 † †


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

All full-time/full year students

Total 87.0 45.5 12.3 58.2 55.2 25.4 4.1 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 84.8 42.4 10.6 60.1 55.9 19.4 3.5 Gender

Male 85.5 45.2 10.5 53.9 48.7 23.6 3.4Female 84.2 40.4 10.7 64.3 60.8 16.5 3.5

Race/ethnicity3

White 84.1 42.2 11.1 59.7 56.7 20.6 4.0Black 94.0 40.6 7.1 77.0 75.1 12.4 ‡Hispanic 92.7 40.3 10.4 78.3 68.0 14.2 2.6 !Asian 72.6 46.8 12.5 31.8 22.9 25.4 3.8 !Two or more races 82.9 40.9 ‡ 52.9 50.3 ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 82.7 45.3 13.5 51.7 47.3 27.8 5.225–29 86.9 40.9 13.1 64.0 61.2 22.7 4.230–34 85.1 43.2 7.5 60.6 55.0 11.5 1.4 !35–39 88.6 31.4 8.4 68.4 59.5 6.4 ! ‡40 or older 81.3 46.7 2.6 ! 64.6 63.0 9.2 1.2 !

Marital statusMarried 82.6 48.3 8.7 57.7 54.3 12.1 1.3 !Not married or separated 85.5 40.3 11.3 60.9 56.5 22.0 4.2



Citizenship

U.S. citizen 86.9 41.9 10.3 66.3 63.7 17.5 3.8Resident alien 82.8 53.8 14.1 ! 60.1 55.3 18.6 ! ‡Foreign/international student5 69.9 42.8 12.1 16.0 # 33.3 ‡


Table 1.3-B.—Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who receivedTable 2.3-B.—financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, and selected student characteristics: Table 2.3-B.—2007–08

LoansGrants



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 83.3 41.6 4.4 59.2 55.7 8.4 1.4 !Education (any master’s) 83.3 35.7 7.6 66.8 61.6 13.4 2.8 !M.A. except in education 88.1 39.4 12.1 63.3 62.2 29.5 4.1M.S. except in education 83.7 48.5 16.9 48.5 44.2 31.7 3.1Any other master’s 86.8 43.8 11.9 65.4 60.2 17.7 5.9


Humanities 85.6 56.3 16.5 52.1 50.0 29.6 6.9Social/behavioral sciences 81.4 27.2 10.0 ! 65.4 63.9 19.1 3.8 !Life and physical sciences 88.8 55.4 20.9 52.9 50.7 46.1 6.1Engineering/computer science/mathematics 82.2 53.1 22.2 21.2 14.2 49.3 ‡Education 82.9 33.7 7.8 67.5 62.3 11.6 2.8 !Business/management 83.1 38.0 4.9 60.4 55.0 7.8 1.6 !Health 89.4 49.2 7.7 ! 73.2 71.3 14.2 4.3 !Other/undeclared 88.8 47.3 14.9 68.1 63.7 24.1 6.0

Full-time/full-year doctoral students

Total 93.0 59.3 25.9 35.8 33.9 54.3 3.9 Gender

Male 94.6 62.6 29.9 31.5 29.6 57.7 2.3Female 91.1 55.6 21.3 40.6 38.9 50.5 5.8 !

Race/ethnicity3

White 92.4 57.4 23.6 43.0 41.5 52.8 4.9Black 95.5 45.8 15.9 ! 64.9 58.0 29.7 ‡Hispanic 95.2 65.4 35.0 ! 26.5 24.9 49.6 ‡Asian 91.9 65.3 32.5 8.0 6.7 70.4 1.9 !Two or more races 99.5 74.3 32.7 36.0 34.3 44.7 ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 94.3 61.4 24.7 36.7 35.6 49.2 2.325–29 95.1 61.7 27.8 36.9 35.1 58.3 5.230–34 91.1 59.9 27.2 27.5 25.9 63.4 3.1 !35–39 89.2 58.5 26.0 37.9 32.1 44.9 ‡40 or older 86.5 43.3 17.2 41.9 40.7 38.1 ‡

Marital status

Married 90.5 58.6 25.3 28.9 26.5 55.2 2.1 !Not married or separated 94.1 59.6 26.1 38.7 37.1 53.9 4.7


Table 1.3-B.—Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who receivedTable 2.3-B.—financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, and selected student characteristics: Table 2.3-B.—2007–08—Continued

Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study



Citizenship

U.S. citizen 92.8 57.8 23.9 46.9 45.2 46.0 4.6Resident alien 91.5 61.0 22.5 21.5 ! 19.8 ! 59.8 ‡Foreign/international student5 93.8 63.9 32.5 2.4 ! # 79.9 1.8 !

Doctoral degree program

Ph.D. except in education 94.5 69.6 32.9 20.3 19.2 66.2 2.4Education (any doctoral) 89.8 44.0 19.9 54.2 47.1 48.5 2.9 !Any other doctoral 90.2 39.2 11.1 67.1 64.8 28.3 7.5 !


Humanities 90.2 64.0 19.1 30.2 27.9 52.1 1.8 !Social/behavioral sciences 93.6 48.9 20.1 50.4 48.9 50.6 9.2 !Life and physical sciences 93.8 73.3 30.4 17.1 14.8 60.1 1.3 !Engineering/computer science/mathematics 97.7 64.4 39.6 20.7 ! 20.5 ! 66.1 1.1 !Education 89.2 41.0 19.9 49.6 45.8 50.4 2.1 !Business/management 87.2 60.1 23.4 37.2 ! 28.7 ! 35.7 #Other/undeclared 91.1 56.2 20.6 47.7 45.8 48.1 5.9 !

Full-time/full-year first-professional students

Total 88.1 40.3 1.6 81.3 79.8 7.8 6.0 Gender

Male 86.8 40.6 1.2 ! 78.4 76.5 7.8 5.8Female 89.3 40.0 2.1 ! 83.9 82.8 7.9 6.2

Race/ethnicity3

White 88.7 41.4 2.0 81.1 79.9 7.9 6.5Black 93.0 45.0 ‡ 88.8 85.4 ‡ 7.8 !Hispanic 89.9 36.8 ‡ 89.9 88.9 ‡ ‡Asian 79.8 31.2 ‡ 72.9 69.7 9.2 4.0 !Two or more races 94.0 47.1 # 88.5 88.5 ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡



Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 85.8 39.9 1.1 ! 78.8 77.5 5.9 5.625–29 89.1 39.7 2.1 ! 83.4 81.8 9.1 6.230–34 99.6 42.3 ‡ 89.4 87.6 13.2 ‡35–39 93.8 37.1 ‡ 85.5 81.8 ‡ ‡40 or older 76.5 50.0 ‡ 64.4 64.4 ‡ ‡

Marital statusMarried 92.4 43.5 1.9 ! 81.9 79.8 7.9 ‡Not married or separated 87.0 39.4 1.6 ! 81.1 79.8 7.8 7.0


Lowest 25 percent 87.7 38.1 1.5 ! 83.2 81.6 7.9 7.8Lower middle 25 percent 92.2 41.6 ‡ 83.0 81.8 9.7 3.6 !Upper middle 25 percent 84.1 50.6 ‡ 72.4 70.9 6.4 ! 3.2 !Highest 25 percent 83.3 38.5 ‡ 68.6 68.2 ‡ ‡

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 88.5 40.4 1.5 82.3 81.3 7.6 6.3Resident alien 93.7 40.2 ‡ 83.8 80.2 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student5 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 83.9 33.0 ‡ 77.4 76.2 7.3 7.1 !Other health science 91.7 42.8 3.4 ! 86.9 85.1 6.7 4.9 !Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 88.8 41.1 1.7 ! 81.7 80.3 8.7 6.1Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 86.7 68.8 ‡ 68.2 66.2 ‡ ‡

# Rounds to zero.! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.2 Based primarily on student report.





Grants


Loans





Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

All full-time/full-year students

Total 0.65 1.37 0.66 1.27 1.24 0.93 0.52 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 1.10 2.06 0.87 1.72 1.61 1.08 0.43 Gender

Male 1.99 3.15 1.19 2.83 3.03 1.79 0.66Female 1.47 2.35 1.10 2.26 2.26 1.40 0.56

Race/ethnicityWhite 1.47 2.53 1.09 1.82 1.73 1.37 0.57Black 2.00 6.94 1.65 4.68 4.87 2.77 †Hispanic 1.86 5.70 2.64 4.21 5.51 3.19 0.99Asian 3.10 3.20 2.32 3.00 2.85 3.06 1.26Two or more races 7.90 10.03 † 10.76 10.31 † †Other † † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.87 2.38 1.52 2.83 2.91 2.10 0.8025–29 1.94 2.63 1.68 2.51 2.54 2.19 0.8330–34 2.87 5.44 1.78 5.36 5.39 2.38 0.6435–39 4.05 5.84 2.45 8.24 8.63 2.02 †40 or older 3.76 6.93 1.03 5.05 5.09 2.15 0.54



Lowest 25 percent 1.74 2.57 1.27 2.70 2.85 1.96 0.90Lower middle 25 percent 1.35 3.29 2.35 2.77 3.31 3.00 0.63Upper middle 25 percent 3.51 5.57 1.56 3.60 3.57 1.53 0.57Highest 25 percent 3.76 6.21 1.84 4.87 5.06 1.88 †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 1.15 2.28 0.99 1.76 1.74 1.13 0.49Resident alien 5.17 7.56 4.89 6.52 6.69 5.66 †Foreign/international student 3.31 3.96 2.36 3.98 † 3.45 †


Grants Loans

Table S1.3-B.—Standard errors for table 1.3-B: Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and Table S1.3-B.—first-professional students who received financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, and Table S1.3-B.—selected student characteristics: 2007–08



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 3.10 6.08 1.25 4.36 4.67 1.71 0.55Education (any master’s) 2.73 4.05 1.79 3.93 3.33 2.14 0.87M.A. except in education 2.56 4.15 2.71 3.59 3.56 3.68 1.19M.S. except in education 2.75 3.47 1.94 3.48 3.47 2.80 0.78Any other master’s 1.83 3.41 2.09 2.89 3.35 2.11 1.19

Graduate field of studyHumanities 3.15 3.71 3.23 4.02 4.22 4.23 1.78Social/behavioral sciences 4.66 4.38 3.01 4.97 4.97 3.37 1.27Life and physical sciences 3.90 7.22 6.17 7.09 6.79 7.52 1.34Engineering/computer science/mathematics 3.31 3.64 3.02 3.11 2.84 3.96 †Education 2.84 4.26 1.92 4.37 3.64 2.07 0.95Business/management 2.77 5.30 1.12 4.04 4.16 1.40 0.59Health 2.26 5.58 2.60 3.87 3.99 2.70 1.42Other/undeclared 2.16 3.56 2.37 3.03 3.16 2.76 1.49


Total 0.84 2.34 1.57 2.33 2.24 2.30 0.97 Gender

Male 1.05 3.53 2.35 3.31 3.41 3.35 0.48Female 1.50 2.74 1.68 2.90 2.80 2.76 1.89

Race/ethnicity

White 1.26 3.02 1.65 2.94 2.98 2.80 1.29Black 3.73 7.63 5.14 9.56 7.77 7.52 †Hispanic 1.75 6.64 10.93 5.85 5.69 9.70 †Asian 1.67 2.97 2.78 1.84 1.60 2.54 0.69Two or more races 0.74 7.52 9.27 8.72 8.94 8.19 †Other † † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.57 4.14 4.30 3.74 3.65 3.85 0.6425–29 1.51 4.29 2.20 4.13 4.15 4.16 1.5730–34 2.19 2.69 2.51 2.87 2.59 2.85 1.0235–39 2.85 5.74 4.33 5.70 5.19 5.91 †40 or older 3.30 5.52 3.23 6.36 6.31 6.44 †

Marital status

Married 1.60 2.66 1.97 2.22 2.27 2.68 0.66Not married or separated 1.01 3.18 1.94 2.94 2.93 3.07 1.28


Grants Loans

Table S1.3-B.—Standard errors for table 1.3-B: Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and Table S1.3-B.—first-professional students who received financial aid by type of aid, graduate level, and Table S1.3-B.—selected student characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1.88 4.32 3.28 3.66 3.50 3.76 2.21Lower middle 25 percent 0.98 2.29 1.77 2.27 2.24 2.12 0.90Upper middle 25 percent 1.60 6.90 3.53 7.97 8.20 6.41 0.35Highest 25 percent 2.74 4.99 3.12 4.83 4.96 4.55 †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 1.04 3.12 2.11 2.66 2.63 2.73 1.30Resident alien 3.51 5.58 4.92 6.54 6.28 7.12 †Foreign/international student 1.50 3.32 3.21 1.20 † 1.93 0.87


Ph.D. except in education 0.74 1.83 1.84 1.78 1.70 2.23 0.37Education (any doctoral) 3.49 5.59 3.45 6.27 6.89 5.90 1.11Any other doctoral 2.30 5.23 1.91 3.95 4.08 3.91 3.16

Graduate field of study

Humanities 2.09 5.01 2.97 4.76 4.73 4.31 0.77Social/behavioral sciences 1.44 5.89 3.31 6.20 6.33 6.27 3.16Life and physical sciences 1.57 2.89 2.88 2.52 2.29 2.72 0.64Engineering/computer science/mathematics 0.64 7.73 5.56 9.03 9.05 9.36 0.52Education 3.83 5.49 3.84 7.13 7.15 5.88 0.89Business/management 6.59 12.28 6.43 12.60 12.65 9.76 †Other/undeclared 2.46 3.61 2.18 2.96 2.69 3.25 2.73


Total 1.18 1.78 0.47 1.69 1.71 0.77 1.13 Gender

Male 1.61 2.32 0.49 2.18 2.22 1.05 1.31Female 1.42 2.35 0.72 1.79 1.87 1.18 1.56

Race/ethnicity

White 1.41 1.90 0.59 2.08 2.05 0.90 1.35Black 4.22 8.33 † 5.31 5.64 † 2.83Hispanic 4.65 6.74 † 4.65 4.70 † †Asian 3.67 4.16 † 4.40 4.68 2.64 1.65Two or more races 7.03 10.62 † 7.53 7.53 † †Other † † † † † † †



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Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

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Assistant-ships

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.80 2.32 0.49 2.37 2.38 0.84 1.0525–29 1.65 2.60 0.81 1.84 1.89 1.25 1.2130–34 0.29 5.41 † 3.94 4.09 3.93 †35–39 5.02 8.26 † 7.25 8.19 † †40 or older 7.71 8.71 † 8.06 8.06 † †

Marital status

Married 2.20 3.53 0.86 2.82 2.85 1.85 †Not married or separated 1.37 2.04 0.58 1.91 1.92 0.88 1.21


Lowest 25 percent 1.56 2.17 0.57 1.93 1.97 1.08 1.34Lower middle 25 percent 1.77 3.55 † 2.71 2.83 1.57 1.30Upper middle 25 percent 3.91 4.69 † 4.30 4.33 2.24 1.62Highest 25 percent 5.72 8.32 † 6.27 6.29 † †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 1.18 1.87 0.42 1.64 1.61 0.78 1.19Resident alien 3.52 7.65 † 5.70 6.32 † †Foreign/international student † † † † † † †


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.40 3.59 † 2.65 2.83 1.45 3.24Other health science 2.26 3.48 1.16 2.55 2.66 1.86 1.48Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.69 2.52 0.62 2.39 2.34 1.04 1.33Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 4.63 7.64 † 8.60 8.87 † †


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

All students

Total $17,600 $7,500 $6,800 $18,500 $15,600 $12,100 $4,000 Master’s students

Total 14,400 6,500 6,400 15,600 13,700 9,700 4,100 Gender

Male 14,300 7,000 7,300 15,600 14,000 10,100 4,800Female 14,400 6,000 5,800 15,700 13,500 9,300 3,700

Race/ethnicity3

White 13,500 5,900 6,100 15,100 13,300 9,600 4,000Black 16,500 7,600 5,600 16,200 14,400 9,500 ‡Hispanic 16,400 7,200 6,200 16,600 13,800 9,500 ‡Asian 14,800 7,800 8,100 17,100 14,700 10,200 ‡Two or more races 14,600 6,200 ‡ 17,000 14,700 ‡ ‡Other 18,600 ‡ ‡ 20,400 15,400 ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 17,100 7,900 7,100 16,700 14,300 9,700 4,00025–29 15,600 6,700 6,500 16,500 13,900 9,300 3,90030–34 13,200 6,300 6,800 14,700 13,000 10,300 ‡35–39 12,900 5,800 6,300 14,600 13,000 10,900 ‡40 or older 11,600 5,200 3,700 14,500 13,700 9,700 ‡

Marital statusMarried 11,300 5,300 5,300 14,300 12,500 9,200 ‡Not married or separated 16,400 7,400 6,900 16,300 14,200 9,800 4,100


Lowest 25 percent 17,900 8,000 6,800 17,100 14,500 8,200 3,900Lower middle 25 percent 16,500 7,100 6,700 15,500 13,700 12,000 4,300Upper middle 25 percent 12,400 5,500 6,300 14,700 13,000 9,100 ‡Highest 25 percent 10,800 6,000 5,100 15,100 13,300 8,200 ‡

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 14,500 6,300 6,200 15,700 13,600 9,500 4,100Resident alien 13,400 5,700 ‡ 17,700 14,700 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student5 13,300 8,800 7,700 13,000 ‡ 10,600 ‡


Table 1.4-A.—Average amount of financial aid received by aided graduate and first-professional students Table 1.4-A.—who received each type of aid by graduate level and selected student characteristics: Table 1.4-A.—2007–08

Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) $14,500 $7,300 $7,400 $16,600 $13,400 $9,600 ‡Education (any master’s) 11,800 4,400 4,500 13,200 12,200 8,100 ‡M.A. except in education 15,500 6,300 6,200 15,900 14,300 8,300 ‡M.S. except in education 15,400 7,300 6,800 16,400 14,300 11,400 4,500Any other master’s 16,200 7,000 7,300 17,900 15,300 8,700 3,400


Humanities 15,300 6,700 6,400 16,900 14,500 8,800 ‡Social/behavioral sciences 17,500 6,100 ‡ 17,700 15,400 7,900 ‡Life and physical sciences 17,200 8,100 7,000 15,000 12,600 11,200 ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 12,900 6,900 8,100 14,900 14,300 11,300 ‡Education 11,600 4,200 4,500 13,200 12,200 7,800 ‡Business/management 13,600 6,700 6,500 15,600 13,100 9,800 ‡Health 18,300 7,600 6,500 18,700 15,800 9,100 ‡Other/undeclared 17,400 7,700 6,700 17,300 14,700 9,800 3,700

Doctoral students

Total 23,800 12,200 7,800 20,300 17,800 15,400 5,300 Gender

Male 24,300 13,200 8,200 20,000 17,300 15,900 6,000Female 23,200 11,200 7,400 20,500 18,200 14,700 5,000

Race/ethnicity3

White 23,400 11,200 7,600 19,500 17,100 14,900 4,800Black 23,900 9,300 5,900 22,300 20,600 15,400 ‡Hispanic 26,500 17,300 ! 5,800 22,000 18,800 15,700 ‡Asian 24,000 14,300 9,500 21,100 18,800 16,300 ‡Two or more races 24,900 14,600 ‡ 22,600 17,800 15,400 ‡Other 18,700 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 29,900 18,300 8,500 23,900 19,700 16,200 ‡25–29 27,200 13,700 9,200 21,500 18,500 16,100 5,50030–34 21,800 11,100 7,400 17,400 16,000 14,900 ‡35–39 18,900 7,900 5,800 16,800 16,500 15,200 ‡40 or older 15,400 5,800 4,400 19,400 17,200 12,000 ‡

Marital status

Married 19,600 9,800 6,400 17,500 16,400 14,600 ‡Not married or separated 26,200 13,600 8,600 21,600 18,500 15,800 5,000


Table 1.4-A.—Average amount of financial aid received by aided graduate and first-professional students Table 1.4-A.—who received each type of aid by graduate level and selected student characteristics: Table 1.4-A.—2007–08—Continued

Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

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Assistant-ships2

Work-study


Lowest 25 percent $28,000 $14,500 $8,700 $23,400 $19,900 $14,600 $4,700Lower middle 25 percent 26,000 13,700 8,600 16,800 15,200 16,400 6,600Upper middle 25 percent 21,300 10,500 7,200 21,500 18,300 14,900 ‡Highest 25 percent 16,500 7,800 4,800 18,000 17,300 13,600 ‡

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 23,900 11,900 7,300 20,300 17,900 14,500 4,400Resident alien 18,200 10,000 ‡ 19,600 ‡ 12,700 ‡Foreign/international student5 24,300 13,600 9,100 ‡ ‡ 17,300 ‡


Ph.D. except in education 24,400 14,100 8,000 15,500 14,100 16,000 6,900Education (any doctoral) 17,400 6,600 5,100 16,900 16,100 12,800 ‡Any other doctoral 25,500 8,500 8,700 26,300 21,900 13,000 4,300 !


Humanities 21,500 11,500 7,900 16,600 14,700 14,000 ‡Social/behavioral sciences 26,000 13,000 7,700 21,300 19,100 13,500 ‡Life and physical sciences 25,600 15,600 8,400 15,700 14,700 16,700 ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 25,200 15,100 8,000 20,000 16,100 16,800 ‡Education 17,300 6,900 5,000 17,200 16,700 13,000 ‡Business/management 18,700 10,500 ‡ 19,100 ‡ 12,400 ‡Other/undeclared 25,200 9,700 8,500 23,500 19,700 15,600 2,900


Total 33,200 8,500 8,500 31,400 22,700 6,500 2,700 Gender

Male 33,300 8,600 ‡ 31,700 23,200 6,600 2,900Female 33,100 8,500 ‡ 31,100 22,300 6,300 2,500

Race/ethnicity3

White 33,000 8,600 ‡ 31,200 22,600 6,500 2,500Black 31,400 6,700 ‡ 30,800 22,600 ‡ ‡Hispanic 33,800 7,800 ‡ 30,600 21,900 ‡ ‡Asian 33,400 10,200 ‡ 32,000 23,700 ‡ ‡Two or more races 37,100 ‡ ‡ 33,900 22,300 ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡



Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 $32,100 $7,200 ‡ $30,700 $22,400 $6,900 $2,70025–29 35,700 9,400 ‡ 32,900 23,400 6,800 3,00030–34 34,200 11,600 ‡ 31,600 22,400 ‡ ‡35–39 27,300 6,200 ‡ 27,200 20,000 ‡ ‡40 or older 22,700 8,200 ‡ 24,600 20,300 ‡ ‡

Marital statusMarried 30,300 10,300 ‡ 28,500 23,000 6,900 ‡Not married or separated 34,100 7,900 ‡ 32,200 22,600 6,300 2,700


Lowest 25 percent 34,800 7,900 ‡ 32,500 23,600 6,500 2,800Lower middle 25 percent 32,900 8,200 ‡ 31,200 21,900 7,700 ‡Upper middle 25 percent 30,700 10,200 ‡ 29,200 20,900 ‡ ‡Highest 25 percent 25,500 10,800 ‡ 24,700 19,900 ‡ ‡

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 33,200 8,400 8,200 31,200 22,600 5,900 2,700Resident alien 38,400 ‡ ‡ 36,100 27,400 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student5 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 35,900 8,000 ‡ 34,600 30,400 7,700 ‡Other health science 31,600 6,500 ‡ 29,900 24,500 ‡ ‡Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 34,600 9,600 ‡ 31,800 19,200 5,200 2,900Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 14,500 8,500 ‡ 12,500 12,700 ‡ ‡

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.2 Based on amounts reported by students or institutions.





Loans



Grants




Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

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Assistant-ships

Work-study

All students

Total $260 $250 $250 $150 $80 $250 $340 Master’s students

Total 240 230 330 220 180 370 410 Gender

Male 350 310 460 410 340 530 570Female 300 270 380 270 230 450 520

Race/ethnicityWhite 280 230 350 330 250 440 430Black 840 940 810 560 500 1,310 †Hispanic 770 640 1,120 710 710 1,010 †Asian 610 540 1,020 1,400 760 950 †Two or more races 1,380 1,140 † 1,370 1,060 † †Other 2,890 † † 2,650 1,230 † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 460 380 500 650 440 560 47025–29 380 310 530 370 300 550 57030–34 550 450 980 560 440 1,320 †35–39 640 620 1,020 950 860 1,650 †40 or older 630 540 560 530 530 1,380 †

Marital statusMarried 350 270 530 400 390 790 †Not married or separated 300 320 390 310 200 380 370


Lowest 25 percent 440 440 500 540 290 490 430Lower middle 25 percent 500 480 560 460 430 700 720Upper middle 25 percent 430 290 940 460 350 1,240 †Highest 25 percent 530 420 580 580 500 1,220 †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 250 250 330 230 180 390 440Resident alien 1,320 720 † 1,320 860 † †Foreign/international student 710 650 850 1,390 † 990 †


Table S1.4-A.—Standard errors for table 1.4-A: Average amount of financial aid received by aided Table S1.4-A.—graduate and first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate Table S1.4-A.—level and selected student characteristics: 2007–08

Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

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Assistant-ships

Work-study

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) $580 $530 $1,030 $770 $750 $1,140 †Education (any master’s) 370 260 610 420 280 770 †M.A. except in education 630 440 680 590 460 750 †M.S. except in education 600 490 510 540 470 730 1,230Any other master’s 470 340 710 550 390 640 470

Graduate field of studyHumanities 860 480 740 860 610 920 †Social/behavioral sciences 720 610 † 760 530 710 †Life and physical sciences 1,090 840 1,210 860 690 1,120 †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 770 580 1,040 1,190 1,040 970 †Education 390 250 680 390 280 830 †Business/management 480 420 790 700 630 950 †Health 1,120 980 780 670 520 1,220 †Other/undeclared 700 580 770 580 420 910 560

Doctoral students

Total 450 510 250 680 540 310 870 Gender

Male 630 910 300 1,240 680 340 960Female 650 510 390 680 650 490 1,120

Race/ethnicity

White 500 410 350 920 600 370 960Black 1,400 1,240 720 1,900 1,710 1,290 †Hispanic 2,720 5,500 940 2,230 1,170 920 †Asian 790 600 410 2,460 2,390 560 †Two or more races 3,180 3,710 † 5,060 4,110 1,680 †Other 2,250 † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1,190 2,190 870 1,440 1,210 880 †25–29 640 590 410 1,470 1,170 390 1,10030–34 710 520 530 900 790 570 †35–39 680 580 640 880 1,020 780 †40 or older 1,110 350 430 1,860 1,090 800 †

Marital status

Married 500 420 290 860 760 460 †Not married or separated 540 710 350 830 660 350 930


Table S1.4-A.—Standard errors for table 1.4-A: Average amount of financial aid received by aided Table S1.4-A.—graduate and first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate Table S1.4-A.—level and selected student characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

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Anyaid

Allgrants

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Assistant-ships

Work-study


Lowest 25 percent $920 $1,710 $740 $970 $900 $600 $1,100Lower middle 25 percent 510 440 340 680 540 400 1,100Upper middle 25 percent 1,040 730 570 1,820 1,020 650 †Highest 25 percent 840 500 330 1,710 1,110 750 †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 550 670 330 690 540 390 870Resident alien 1,460 1,160 † 2,330 † 1,400 †Foreign/international student 650 500 440 † † 450 †


Ph.D. except in education 590 670 280 920 640 380 620Education (any doctoral) 960 510 620 1,040 780 1,000 †Any other doctoral 910 500 850 920 860 750 1,470


Humanities 1,130 860 980 2,820 1,950 850 †Social/behavioral sciences 980 1,130 620 1,610 1,650 650 †Life and physical sciences 900 760 570 1,390 1,190 520 †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1,100 1,890 510 5,230 2,610 590 †Education 1,000 530 640 1,100 560 1,040 †Business/management 2,180 1,570 † 4,310 † 1,650 †Other/undeclared 750 520 570 940 910 580 870


Total 670 400 1,420 580 420 680 260 Gender

Male 950 520 † 790 540 1,160 370Female 770 550 † 680 510 970 280

Race/ethnicity

White 810 450 † 670 480 800 260Black 1,900 780 † 1,540 1,010 † †Hispanic 1,790 1,150 † 1,550 950 † †Asian 1,640 1,230 † 1,570 1,160 † †Two or more races 3,380 † † 3,150 2,050 † †Other † † † † † † †


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 $810 $440 † $680 $520 $1,000 $31025–29 890 640 † 800 550 1,020 31030–34 1,860 1,980 † 1,590 960 † †35–39 3,130 1,600 † 2,770 1,690 † †40 or older 2,350 1,940 † 2,690 1,540 † †

Marital status

Married 1,410 1,000 † 1,340 950 1,520 †Not married or separated 680 350 † 610 440 700 260


Lowest 25 percent 710 450 † 610 480 770 280Lower middle 25 percent 1,020 630 † 950 740 1,620 †Upper middle 25 percent 1,830 1,350 † 1,570 760 † †Highest 25 percent 1,940 1,750 † 1,730 910 † †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 680 390 1,730 580 420 660 270Resident alien 2,770 † † 2,780 1,760 † †Foreign/international student † † † † † † †


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,470 1,080 † 1,160 790 1,880 †Other health science 1,130 560 † 1,140 770 † †Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 930 490 † 750 240 590 280Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,260 1,880 † 890 960 † †


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants1

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Assistant-ships2

Work-study


Total $26,300 $11,400 $9,100 $24,300 $18,600 $13,000 $4,000 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 22,100 10,100 9,000 20,400 15,900 10,100 4,400 Gender

Male 21,700 11,000 10,000 20,200 16,100 10,400 4,900Female 22,300 9,500 8,300 20,500 15,800 9,700 4,100

Race/ethnicity3

White 21,300 9,500 9,100 19,500 15,500 9,800 4,200Black 24,800 11,700 ‡ 21,900 17,400 11,900 ‡Hispanic 24,400 11,900 ‡ 20,800 15,200 ‡ ‡Asian 21,000 10,400 ‡ 23,300 16,700 10,800 ‡Two or more races 20,500 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 22,200 10,000 8,800 20,800 16,300 10,100 4,30025–29 23,900 10,400 8,800 21,900 15,800 10,100 4,10030–34 21,000 10,400 ‡ 20,100 15,800 8,200 ‡35–39 18,900 11,100 ‡ 18,100 14,700 ‡ ‡40 or older 21,300 9,100 ‡ 18,500 16,400 ‡ ‡

Marital statusMarried 19,900 8,500 8,200 19,100 15,400 9,900 ‡Not married or separated 22,800 10,800 9,200 20,800 16,100 10,100 4,300


Lowest 25 percent 21,900 9,300 7,800 20,600 15,600 8,300 4,200Lower middle 25 percent 23,200 11,500 9,500 20,200 16,200 12,500 ‡Upper middle 25 percent 20,600 8,100 ‡ 20,100 15,700 9,700 ‡Highest 25 percent 22,300 12,600 ‡ 20,700 16,400 ‡ ‡

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 22,800 10,100 9,100 20,400 15,900 10,200 4,400Resident alien 24,300 9,000 ‡ 23,000 17,600 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student5 15,600 10,700 ‡ 17,900 ‡ 10,200 ‡


Table 1.4-B.—Average amount of financial aid received by aided full-time/full year graduate and Table 1.4-B.—first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level and Table 1.4-B.—selected student characteristics: 2007–08

Grants Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Master's degree program

Business administration (M.B.A.) $21,300 $9,700 ‡ $21,900 $15,900 $7,000 ‡Education (any master’s) 18,700 7,800 8,100 17,100 13,800 9,100 ‡M.A. except in education 22,900 10,200 8,400 20,900 17,000 8,700 ‡M.S. except in education 23,600 11,300 8,500 21,300 16,400 11,900 ‡Any other master’s 23,600 10,800 9,300 21,100 16,800 9,600 3,500


Humanities 23,500 10,200 ‡ 21,500 16,600 9,200 ‡Social/behavioral sciences 24,000 8,900 ‡ 23,500 17,900 8,300 ‡Life and physical sciences 24,200 10,100 ‡ 18,100 13,700 13,300 ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 21,400 12,900 10,100 20,700 16,000 12,500 ‡Education 18,100 7,800 8,500 16,700 13,800 8,000 ‡Business/management 19,900 9,400 ‡ 20,300 15,400 6,600 ‡Health 26,200 11,000 ‡ 22,500 17,800 9,500 ‡Other/undeclared 25,500 11,100 9,000 21,500 16,700 10,400 ‡


Total 28,200 15,000 9,200 23,000 19,100 16,300 5,000 Gender

Male 28,600 15,900 9,400 22,700 18,500 17,000 ‡Female 27,600 13,800 8,800 23,200 19,600 15,400 4,700

Race/ethnicity3

White 27,900 13,600 9,200 21,800 18,100 15,700 4,700Black 30,200 12,700 ‡ 28,100 24,100 15,700 ‡Hispanic 31,000 23,600 ! ‡ 21,500 18,000 16,800 ‡Asian 27,100 15,700 10,800 25,200 21,600 17,700 ‡Two or more races 31,400 17,400 ‡ ‡ ‡ 15,500 ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 31,400 19,300 8,600 25,400 20,400 16,800 ‡25–29 29,500 15,100 10,100 23,600 19,700 16,700 5,30030–34 26,500 14,200 9,300 19,000 16,600 16,200 ‡35–39 23,100 9,400 6,800 19,400 18,600 16,300 ‡40 or older 20,400 7,800 6,200 22,700 17,400 12,100 ‡

Marital status

Married 24,800 13,000 8,400 19,800 17,800 16,100 ‡Not married or separated 29,500 15,800 9,500 24,000 19,500 16,400 4,900


Grants Loans

Table 1.4-B.—Average amount of financial aid received by aided full-time/full year graduate and Table 1.4-B.—first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level and Table 1.4-B.—selected student characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships2

Work-study


Lowest 25 percent $30,600 $15,900 $9,300 $25,400 $20,600 $15,400 $4,900Lower middle 25 percent 28,600 15,700 9,900 18,200 15,800 16,900 ‡Upper middle 25 percent 26,700 13,900 8,600 25,900 21,000 16,800 ‡Highest 25 percent 21,400 10,900 6,100 18,900 17,500 15,300 ‡

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 28,900 15,100 8,600 23,000 19,100 15,300 4,200Resident alien 24,500 12,100 ‡ ‡ ‡ 15,800 ‡Foreign/international student5 26,400 14,900 10,500 ‡ ‡ 18,200 ‡


Ph.D. except in education 28,000 16,700 9,100 15,800 13,400 17,200 6,800Education (any doctoral) 24,100 9,600 7,700 21,200 17,700 12,200 ‡Any other doctoral 29,500 9,200 10,100 28,300 23,200 13,100 4,000 !


Humanities 25,200 14,600 9,000 18,100 15,100 15,200 ‡Social/behavioral sciences 28,800 15,000 7,600 23,600 20,800 14,100 ‡Life and physical sciences 28,000 17,400 9,400 16,900 14,800 17,500 ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 29,100 18,200 8,900 23,100 17,500 17,900 ‡Education 24,000 10,700 ‡ 21,600 17,700 12,400 ‡Business/management 22,600 13,200 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Other/undeclared 29,500 11,400 10,500 25,800 20,800 16,500 2,500


Total 35,500 8,800 ‡ 33,000 23,500 6,900 2,600 Gender

Male 35,900 8,900 ‡ 33,600 24,200 7,600 2,700Female 35,100 8,700 ‡ 32,400 23,000 6,200 2,500

Race/ethnicity3

White 35,400 9,000 ‡ 32,800 23,400 7,200 2,500Black 36,400 6,700 ‡ 34,200 23,300 ‡ ‡Hispanic 36,200 ‡ ‡ 32,000 22,900 ‡ ‡Asian 34,600 10,100 ‡ 32,800 24,900 ‡ ‡Two or more races 36,200 ‡ ‡ 34,400 21,700 ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡


Grants Loans




Anyaid

Allgrants1

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

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Assistant-ships2

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 $32,800 $7,500 ‡ $31,200 $22,700 $7,100 $2,50025–29 37,500 9,200 ‡ 34,200 24,200 7,200 3,00030–34 38,400 12,800 ‡ 35,600 24,800 ‡ ‡35–39 36,600 ‡ ‡ 33,600 ‡ ‡ ‡40 or older 34,000 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Marital statusMarried 34,000 11,300 ‡ 30,600 24,100 ‡ ‡Not married or separated 35,900 8,100 ‡ 33,600 23,400 6,700 2,600


Lowest 25 percent 36,100 8,000 ‡ 33,400 24,100 7,100 2,700Lower middle 25 percent 34,800 8,500 ‡ 32,500 22,800 8,100 ‡Upper middle 25 percent 35,800 10,700 ‡ 33,100 22,100 ‡ ‡Highest 25 percent 30,800 ‡ ‡ 28,400 22,500 ‡ ‡

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 35,500 8,700 ‡ 32,800 23,400 6,200 2,600Resident alien 39,900 ‡ ‡ 37,900 29,300 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student5 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 37,400 8,000 ‡ 35,600 31,100 ‡ ‡Other health science 33,200 6,800 ‡ 30,500 25,100 ‡ ‡Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 36,600 9,800 ‡ 33,800 19,700 5,400 3,000Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 20,400 10,800 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.2 Based on amounts reported by students or institutions.



NOTE: Average aid amounts include only full-time/full-year graduate and first-professional students who received that type of aid. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

3 Black includes African American and Hispanic includes Latino. “Other” includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander, Native Hawaiian, and respondents having origins in a race not listed.4 The income range for the lowest 25 percent is $13,170 or less; $13,171–37,425 for the lower middle 25 percent; $37,426–71,559 for the upper middle 25 percent; and $71,560 or more for the highest 25 percent.

Grants Loans





Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study


Total $310 $430 $320 $310 $210 $310 $400 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 500 570 510 470 310 470 510 Gender

Male 690 840 820 880 580 650 680Female 640 660 570 530 390 640 660

Race/ethnicity

White 600 540 580 690 440 540 480Black 1,870 1,980 † 1,000 740 1,890 †Hispanic 1,700 1,680 † 1,350 1,330 † †Asian 1,130 950 † 1,720 820 1,430 †Two or more races 2,890 † † † † † †Other † † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 700 630 770 850 560 730 49025–29 780 790 960 730 590 830 72030–34 1,300 1,150 † 1,350 820 930 †35–39 1,840 1,420 † 2,100 1,320 † †40 or older 2,270 2,250 † 1,390 1,230 † †

Marital statusMarried 740 800 860 920 590 1,120 †Not married or separated 580 650 640 560 370 500 440


Lowest 25 percent 610 590 690 660 490 640 460Lower middle 25 percent 1,050 890 780 1,200 680 910 †Upper middle 25 percent 1,240 1,060 † 1,230 720 1,700 †Highest 25 percent 1,900 1,490 † 1,330 1,000 † †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 580 640 530 500 320 530 530Resident alien 1,610 1,450 † 2,170 1,260 † †Foreign/international student 900 940 † 2,500 † 1,030 †


Grants Loans

Table S1.4-B.—Standard errors for table 1.4-B: Average amount of financial aid received by aided Table S1.4-B.—full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received each type of Table S1.4-B.—aid by graduate level and selected student characteristics: 2007–08



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study


Business administration (M.B.A.) $1,280 $1,310 † $1,420 $1,020 $1,210 †Education (any master’s) 900 710 1,350 880 580 860 †M.A. except in education 890 1,100 1,260 1,100 750 910 †M.S. except in education 1,230 1,190 880 920 710 900 †Any other master’s 1,010 730 1,000 1,140 690 820 600

Graduate field of studyHumanities 1,230 910 † 1,170 560 1,160 †Social/behavioral sciences 1,390 1,300 † 1,500 990 970 †Life and physical sciences 2,070 1,870 † 1,800 1,220 2,110 †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1,460 1,390 1,350 2,370 1,690 1,220 †Education 990 760 1,430 920 610 950 †Business/management 1,130 1,110 † 1,300 890 1,170 †Health 1,630 1,890 † 810 580 1,280 †Other/undeclared 1,150 990 1,080 900 440 1,090 †


Total 560 730 350 860 720 380 960 Gender

Male 860 1,260 430 1,440 830 500 †Female 780 590 550 930 910 610 1,230

Race/ethnicity

White 640 570 460 1,150 740 490 1,090Black 1,820 1,920 † 2,440 2,710 2,310 †Hispanic 3,770 7,970 † 1,840 1,600 1,230 †Asian 830 720 530 3,190 2,430 630 †Two or more races 3,250 4,310 † † † 1,820 †Other † † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1,390 2,670 1,090 1,650 1,350 1,070 †25–29 650 650 510 1,630 1,440 460 1,29030–34 850 680 640 1,290 1,140 800 †35–39 1,050 870 700 1,010 1,210 1,110 †40 or older 2,220 820 640 3,390 2,330 990 †

Marital status

Married 950 720 410 1,400 1,220 600 †Not married or separated 590 960 490 940 830 460 1,020


Loans

Table S1.4-B.—Standard errors for table 1.4-B: Average amount of financial aid received by aided Table S1.4-B.—full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received each type of Table S1.4-B.—aid by graduate level and selected student characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

Grants



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent $1,120 $2,200 $970 $1,030 $950 $730 $1,180Lower middle 25 percent 610 480 450 1,040 790 470 †Upper middle 25 percent 1,220 1,240 740 1,800 1,310 960 †Highest 25 percent 1,610 880 700 3,160 2,580 1,100 †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 670 980 450 890 720 540 990Resident alien 1,720 1,800 † † † 1,290 †Foreign/international student 830 660 630 † † 540 †


Ph.D. except in education 690 890 390 1,210 740 430 830Education (any doctoral) 1,700 1,290 1,500 1,430 740 1,160 †Any other doctoral 880 710 1,180 980 1,010 1,030 1,590


Humanities 1,550 1,070 1,070 4,220 2,970 1,130 †Social/behavioral sciences 1,100 1,420 770 1,910 1,950 880 †Life and physical sciences 1,010 950 710 1,770 1,590 550 †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1,430 2,810 800 5,850 2,820 690 †Education 1,890 1,270 † 1,710 810 1,260 †Business/management 3,560 2,370 † † † † †Other/undeclared 890 680 690 1,140 1,110 750 760


Total 630 430 † 540 430 790 260 Gender

Male 900 550 † 780 580 1,160 320Female 750 610 † 670 520 1,130 330

Race/ethnicity

White 750 480 † 600 490 880 270Black 2,240 980 † 1,820 1,000 † †Hispanic 2,200 † † 1,810 1,030 † †Asian 1,590 1,280 † 1,440 1,190 † †Two or more races 3,610 † † 3,490 2,290 † †Other † † † † † † †


Grants


Loans



Anyaid

Allgrants

Tuitionwaivers

Allloans

Staffordloans

Assistant-ships

Work-study

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 $850 $470 † $740 $540 $1,110 $22025–29 920 680 † 850 580 1,270 34030–34 2,000 2,720 † 1,760 1,170 † †35–39 4,110 † † 3,080 † † †40 or older 2,630 † † † † † †

Marital status

Married 1,430 1,110 † 1,290 1,000 † †Not married or separated 610 390 † 580 460 790 250


Lowest 25 percent 690 490 † 610 500 810 260Lower middle 25 percent 1,080 750 † 990 780 1,900 †Upper middle 25 percent 1,890 1,480 † 1,810 940 † †Highest 25 percent 2,120 † † 2,130 980 † †

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 630 430 † 540 420 730 260Resident alien 3,360 † † 3,390 2,280 † †Foreign/international student † † † † † † †


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,450 1,180 † 1,080 760 † †Other health science 1,180 640 † 1,170 850 † †Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 880 560 † 700 270 670 320Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,830 2,180 † † † † †



Grants Loans

Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics Unaided

Grants1

onlyGrants1 and

loans onlyLoans

only

Othercombinations

of aid

All students

Total 26.3 19.8 11.6 24.8 17.5 Master’s degree/institution type 26.5 22.1 11.5 27.1 12.9

Public 29.7 21.9 8.9 21.3 18.1Non-doctorate-granting 38.5 18.3 6.4 27.5 9.3Doctorate-granting 27.1 23.0 9.7 19.5 20.7

Private nonprofit 26.4 24.7 12.5 26.9 9.4Non-doctorate-granting 27.2 21.7 12.2 32.9 6.0Doctorate-granting 26.2 25.8 12.6 24.8 10.6

Doctoral degree/institution type 14.1 16.8 6.7 13.5 48.9Public 15.8 16.5 4.2 6.3 57.3Private nonprofit 12.9 20.0 8.3 15.1 43.7

First-professional degree/institution type 12.4 6.5 27.9 38.7 14.5Public 12.0 6.0 29.1 37.7 15.2Private nonprofit 12.6 6.8 27.1 39.4 14.0


Business administration (M.B.A.) 19.3 28.9 15.1 27.2 9.4Education (any master’s) 34.4 17.4 9.2 32.1 6.9M.A. except in education 24.0 16.2 12.4 28.2 19.2M.S. except in education 25.5 23.8 10.3 19.5 21.0Any other master’s 23.0 24.6 12.4 26.6 13.4


Ph.D. except in education 9.1 19.0 4.1 5.6 62.3Education (any doctoral) 26.4 17.1 9.9 21.2 25.3Any other doctoral 18.8 11.6 10.7 27.4 31.5


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 16.0 5.4 ! 23.0 40.3 15.2Other health science 10.2 4.0 ! 33.5 39.7 12.6Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 11.0 5.3 28.2 39.6 15.9Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 17.3 31.2 26.1 19.2 ‡

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 13.0 12.0 15.8 30.2 29.0Full-time/part-year 28.0 16.2 8.1 25.9 21.8Part-time/full-year 25.9 23.5 11.8 26.1 12.7Part-time/part-year 43.2 27.3 7.3 15.9 6.4


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 1.5.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by type of aid,Table 1.5.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Grants1

onlyGrants1 and

loans onlyLoans

only

Othercombinations

of aid



Public 13.7 11.7 12.4 24.5 37.8Non-doctorate-granting 23.1 ‡ ‡ 46.5 20.3Doctorate-granting 12.3 12.9 13.2 21.2 40.4







Ph.D. except in education 5.5 19.7 3.6 4.3 66.9Education (any doctoral) 10.2 ! 9.8 9.7 ! 21.3 49.0Any other doctoral 9.8 8.4 11.8 35.2 34.8


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 16.1 5.4 ! 23.6 39.9 15.0Other health science 8.3 2.2 34.7 42.5 12.3Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 11.2 4.9 28.4 39.5 16.0Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 13.3 ! 18.5 ! 38.9 17.9 ! 11.5 !

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 1.5.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by type of aid,Table 1.5.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

NOTE: Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Detail may not sum to totals because of rounding.


Grantsonly

Grants andloans only

Loansonly

Othercombinations

of aid

All students











Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.18 1.77 3.03 3.65 3.23Other health science 2.16 1.35 3.37 3.30 2.11Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.46 0.99 1.79 2.13 1.59Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 3.91 5.86 4.90 5.23 †

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 0.65 0.70 0.88 1.40 1.06Full-time/part-year 2.41 1.70 1.03 2.87 1.97Part-time/full-year 1.18 0.77 0.86 0.93 0.61Part-time/part-year 1.65 1.49 1.06 0.97 0.67


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S1.5.—Standard errors for table 1.5: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S1.5.—students by type of aid, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollmentTable S1.5.—characteristics: 2007–08


Grantsonly

Grants andloans only

Loansonly

Othercombinations

of aid



Public 1.37 1.34 1.31 1.87 1.92Non-doctorate-granting 4.06 † † 6.37 4.76Doctorate-granting 1.40 1.55 1.44 1.98 2.14









Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.40 1.87 3.23 3.79 3.43Other health science 2.26 0.64 3.34 3.42 2.22Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.69 0.99 2.18 2.50 1.67Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 4.63 7.62 7.75 6.84 5.32

† Not applicable.


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S1.5.—Standard errors for table 1.5: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S1.5.—students by type of aid, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S1.5.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics Any aid

Grants1

onlyGrants1 and

loans only Loans only

Othercombinations

of aid

All students

Total $17,600 $6,900 $24,100 $18,600 $23,900 Master’s degree/institution type 14,400 6,200 20,400 15,800 20,200

Public 12,900 5,000 16,100 13,600 19,900Non-doctorate-granting 9,100 3,300 14,300 11,000 11,200Doctorate-granting 13,800 5,500 16,400 14,700 21,000

Private nonprofit 15,400 7,100 23,800 17,300 21,000Non-doctorate-granting 12,800 4,900 19,100 15,000 16,000Doctorate-granting 16,400 7,700 25,400 18,300 22,000

Doctoral degree/institution type 23,800 14,600 26,500 23,800 26,600Public 22,200 13,400 20,800 18,900 25,100Private nonprofit 25,900 16,300 32,800 25,100 29,200

First-professional degree/institution type 33,200 7,700 37,300 33,200 36,700Public 29,000 ‡ 32,300 28,300 34,600Private nonprofit 36,200 9,800 41,200 36,700 38,400


Business administration (M.B.A.) 14,500 7,900 20,800 17,400 16,600Education (any master’s) 11,800 3,800 15,900 13,500 17,900M.A. except in education 15,500 6,400 19,700 15,500 20,400M.S. except in education 15,400 6,500 22,800 17,200 20,300Any other master’s 16,200 6,500 23,600 17,700 24,300


Ph.D. except in education 24,400 18,400 25,900 19,900 26,600Education (any doctoral) 17,400 5,100 20,400 17,400 24,500Any other doctoral 25,500 8,500 30,400 28,600 27,500


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 35,900 ‡ 42,800 36,400 34,600Other health science 31,600 ‡ 31,300 33,200 35,300Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 34,600 9,000 39,600 32,700 38,600Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 14,500 6,300 ‡ ‡ ‡

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 26,300 14,500 32,400 25,500 28,800Full-time/part-year 13,400 8,000 16,000 13,300 16,700Part-time/full-year 14,100 5,600 19,700 16,000 20,700Part-time/part-year 7,500 3,600 12,100 10,100 12,300


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 1.6.—Average amount of aid received by aided graduate and first-professional students who Table 1.6.—received each type of aid by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table 1.6.—characteristics: 2007–08


Grants1

onlyGrants1 and

loans only Loans only

Othercombinations

of aid



Public 20,700 12,900 23,100 18,400 23,900Non-doctorate-granting 14,400 ‡ ‡ 15,100 ‡Doctorate-granting 21,600 13,300 23,400 19,500 24,700



First-professional degree/institution type 35,500 8,600 39,100 35,000 38,700Public 30,700 ‡ 33,200 29,200 37,300Private nonprofit 39,300 11,300 44,200 39,400 39,600


Business administration (M.B.A.) 21,300 12,600 26,500 22,900 21,600Education (any master’s) 18,700 7,300 23,600 17,400 25,000M.A. except in education 22,900 ‡ 25,900 21,100 25,000M.S. except in education 23,600 13,600 31,000 23,800 24,000Any other master’s 23,600 12,600 30,500 20,700 30,400


Ph.D. except in education 28,000 23,100 29,800 23,600 29,600Education (any doctoral) 24,100 ‡ ‡ 22,800 28,100Any other doctoral 29,500 10,800 35,100 30,600 31,100


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 37,400 ‡ 43,600 37,900 36,500Other health science 33,200 ‡ 32,500 33,300 39,000Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 36,600 ‡ 41,800 34,700 40,200Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 20,400 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Grants include scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.


Table 1.6.—Average amount of aid received by aided graduate and first-professional students who Table 1.6.—received each type of aid by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table 1.6.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued




Grantsonly

Grants andloans only Loans only

Othercombinations

of aid

All students

Total $260 $340 $630 $260 $390 Master’s degree/institution type 240 260 770 300 620

Public 320 290 670 380 650Non-doctorate-granting 550 390 1,120 910 1,030Doctorate-granting 400 360 770 480 710

Private nonprofit 340 320 730 400 1,230Non-doctorate-granting 400 330 1,120 480 1,810Doctorate-granting 430 390 920 570 1,410

Doctoral degree/institution type 450 1,440 1,000 1,120 610Public 560 2,670 1,540 1,290 510Private nonprofit 740 1,350 1,610 960 1,000

First-professional degree/institution type 670 1,080 870 820 1,670Public 790 † 1,250 1,070 2,350Private nonprofit 1,130 1,620 1,260 1,370 2,150


Business administration (M.B.A.) 580 640 1,490 1,110 1,760Education (any master’s) 370 280 1,080 480 1,140M.A. except in education 630 710 1,090 750 1,230M.S. except in education 600 460 2,330 830 1,060Any other master’s 470 430 1,080 770 1,210


Ph.D. except in education 590 1,900 1,630 2,300 640Education (any doctoral) 960 620 1,710 1,250 1,850Any other doctoral 910 880 1,620 1,250 1,470


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,470 † 1,530 1,880 3,450Other health science 1,130 † 1,570 1,530 3,590Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 930 1,470 1,290 900 2,320Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,260 1,840 † † †

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 310 950 950 570 510Full-time/part-year 480 900 1,110 630 840Part-time/full-year 250 250 690 300 580Part-time/part-year 320 230 1,150 400 930


Table S1.6.—Standard errors for table 1.6: Average amount of aid received by aided graduate and Table S1.6.—first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution Table S1.6.—type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Grantsonly

Grants andloans only Loans only

Othercombinations

of aid


Total $310 $950 $950 $570 $510 Master’s degree/institution type 500 780 1,580 700 850

Public 700 1,390 1,430 730 1,030Non-doctorate-granting 950 † † 1,450 †Doctorate-granting 780 1,440 1,480 850 1,070

Private nonprofit 620 790 1,190 960 1,590Non-doctorate-granting 880 1,140 1,730 1,180 3,420Doctorate-granting 760 870 1,410 1,220 1,750

Doctoral degree/institution type 560 2,270 1,430 1,300 590Public 840 5,750 1,760 1,900 640Private nonprofit 770 1,790 2,210 1,250 940

First-professional degree/institution type 630 1,480 900 790 1,690Public 850 † 1,250 1,090 2,670Private nonprofit 870 2,000 970 1,190 1,980


Business administration (M.B.A.) 1,280 1,810 3,750 1,750 3,100Education (any master’s) 900 1,320 1,340 1,220 2,200M.A. except in education 890 † 2,380 1,620 1,650M.S. except in education 1,230 1,720 3,300 1,620 1,430Any other master’s 1,010 1,270 1,640 1,800 1,420


Ph.D. except in education 690 2,590 2,280 4,150 660Education (any doctoral) 1,700 † † 1,440 2,310Any other doctoral 880 2,080 2,170 1,420 1,380


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,450 † 1,520 1,740 2,910Other health science 1,180 † 1,650 1,580 3,730Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 880 † 1,410 1,000 2,490Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,830 † † † †


Table S1.6.—Standard errors for table 1.6: Average amount of aid received by aided graduate and Table S1.6.—first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution Table S1.6.—type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


PercentAverageamount Percent

Averageamount Percent

Averageamount

All students

Total 38.9 $15,600 35.5 $7,100 33.6 $10,600 Master’s degree/institution type 39.4 13,700 35.5 6,800 33.7 8,800

Public 32.3 12,900 29.0 6,900 25.1 8,700Non-doctorate-granting 30.4 11,700 26.8 6,300 23.3 8,000Doctorate-granting 32.8 13,200 29.7 7,000 25.6 8,900

Private nonprofit 40.3 14,500 36.0 7,000 35.3 9,400Non-doctorate-granting 45.2 13,400 40.0 6,800 38.3 8,700Doctorate-granting 38.5 14,900 34.6 7,100 34.2 9,700

Doctoral degree/institution type 29.3 17,800 26.8 7,500 24.7 13,100Public 21.3 14,000 19.2 7,200 15.5 10,400Private nonprofit 30.3 20,600 27.9 7,700 27.3 15,000

First-professional degree/institution type 76.4 22,700 73.9 8,200 69.1 16,300Public 76.9 23,100 73.8 8,300 67.6 17,300Private nonprofit 76.1 22,400 74.0 8,100 70.2 15,700


Business administration (M.B.A.) 42.1 13,400 36.4 6,400 37.8 8,700Education (any master’s) 39.5 12,200 35.5 6,400 32.4 7,800M.A. except in education 45.8 14,300 42.0 7,100 38.5 9,300M.S. except in education 30.9 14,300 27.5 7,100 26.3 9,400Any other master’s 42.7 15,300 40.2 7,200 37.5 9,600


Ph.D. except in education 18.9 14,100 17.2 7,300 14.0 10,100Education (any doctoral) 35.8 16,100 31.1 7,000 31.8 11,300Any other doctoral 49.7 21,900 46.9 7,900 45.5 15,900


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 74.6 30,400 73.8 8,300 66.5 24,900Other health science 79.5 24,500 76.9 8,200 70.0 18,800Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 79.7 19,200 76.5 8,200 74.9 12,100Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 43.0 12,700 40.1 7,500 23.5 ‡

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 55.2 18,600 52.3 7,700 49.0 12,700Full-time/part-year 32.9 11,300 30.0 5,700 27.5 7,300Part-time/full-year 39.5 14,700 35.7 7,100 33.6 9,700Part-time/part-year 19.6 9,700 15.8 5,400 16.3 6,500


Table 1.7-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with Stafford loans and, of those Table 1.7-A.—with each type of loan, average amount borrowed by graduate level, institution type, and Table 1.7-A.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08

Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics

Unsubsidized Stafford loansTotal Stafford loans Subsidized Stafford loans




Averageamount












Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 76.2 31,100 75.3 8,400 68.3 25,400Other health science 85.1 25,100 83.1 8,300 75.5 19,200Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 80.3 19,700 77.3 8,300 75.3 12,400Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 66.2 ‡ 64.5 ‡ 36.8 ‡

‡ Reporting standards not met.


Table 1.7-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with Stafford loans and, of those Table 1.7-A.—with each type of loan, average amount borrowed by graduate level, institution type, and Table 1.7-A.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

NOTE: Average aid amounts include only graduate and first-professional students who received that type of aid. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Graduate and first-professional students may take out up to $8,500 in subsidized loans if they have demonstrated financial need and up to $20,500 in subsidized and unsubsidized loans combined. Students in certain health professions programs may borrow up to $40,500 per year.


Total Stafford loans Subsidized Stafford loans Unsubsidized Stafford loans




Averageamount

All students

Total 0.21 $80 # $60 # $60 Master’s degree/institution type 0.47 180 0.41 90 0.41 110

Public 0.59 250 0.62 100 0.64 220Non-doctorate-granting 2.66 630 2.31 260 2.91 470Doctorate-granting 0.88 300 0.84 110 1.13 240

Private nonprofit 0.68 250 0.51 80 0.54 180Non-doctorate-granting 1.77 320 1.85 130 1.91 270Doctorate-granting 1.07 350 0.87 100 0.87 230

Doctoral degree/institution type 1.45 540 1.50 110 1.41 610Public 1.14 530 1.10 110 1.12 510Private nonprofit 1.81 910 1.85 110 1.72 880

First-professional degree/institution type 1.92 420 1.88 50 1.66 450Public 2.38 580 2.52 70 2.43 530Private nonprofit 2.52 540 2.59 60 2.29 560


Business administration (M.B.A.) 2.21 750 2.58 400 2.37 510Education (any master’s) 1.68 280 1.66 140 1.70 240M.A. except in education 3.01 460 2.97 150 2.95 300M.S. except in education 1.54 470 1.64 160 1.64 320Any other master’s 2.07 390 2.07 170 2.16 340


Ph.D. except in education 1.58 640 1.52 160 1.55 650Education (any doctoral) 2.93 780 2.98 280 2.70 620Any other doctoral 3.42 860 3.60 150 3.22 1,000


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 3.02 790 2.94 40 3.15 710Other health science 2.81 770 3.05 80 2.92 780Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.06 240 2.09 70 1.98 180Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 7.35 960 7.13 280 5.18 †

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 1.24 210 1.22 70 1.19 220Full-time/part-year 2.69 780 2.74 460 2.80 590Part-time/full-year 1.02 240 1.09 90 0.98 190Part-time/part-year 1.13 410 1.12 240 1.09 230


Total Stafford loans Subsidized Stafford loans Unsubsidized Stafford loans


Table S1.7-A.—Standard errors for table 1.7-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S1.7-A.—with Stafford loans and, of those with each type of loan, average amount borrowed by Table S1.7-A.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08




Averageamount


Total 1.24 $210 1.22 $70 1.19 $220 Master’s degree/institution type 1.61 310 1.66 130 1.64 240

Public 1.78 340 1.78 110 1.86 300Non-doctorate-granting 6.18 1,340 6.36 230 5.62 1,350Doctorate-granting 1.96 370 1.93 120 2.16 280

Private nonprofit 1.41 380 1.68 100 1.37 300Non-doctorate-granting 3.15 550 3.54 220 3.57 560Doctorate-granting 1.72 490 2.08 100 1.68 350

Doctoral degree/institution type 2.24 720 2.35 90 2.18 830Public 1.75 810 1.73 140 1.64 760Private nonprofit 2.34 1,100 2.32 130 2.20 1,030

First-professional degree/institution type 1.71 430 1.65 40 1.62 450Public 2.24 600 2.48 60 2.34 560Private nonprofit 2.23 540 2.21 40 2.09 580


Business administration (M.B.A.) 4.67 1,020 4.84 480 4.86 740Education (any master’s) 3.33 580 4.02 310 3.58 420M.A. except in education 3.56 750 3.67 130 3.74 600M.S. except in education 3.47 710 3.57 140 3.59 470Any other master’s 3.35 690 3.39 300 3.45 570


Ph.D. except in education 1.70 740 1.61 150 1.48 1,030Education (any doctoral) 6.89 740 6.81 310 6.94 550Any other doctoral 4.08 1,010 4.54 100 4.00 1,230


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.83 760 2.74 30 3.14 690Other health science 2.66 850 2.78 60 3.04 820Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.34 270 2.41 60 2.21 180Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 8.87 † 8.90 † 6.86 †

† Not applicable.# Rounds to zero.



Total Stafford loans Subsidized Stafford loans Unsubsidized Stafford loansGraduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics

Table S1.7-A.—Standard errors for table 1.7-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S1.7-A.—with Stafford loans and, of those with each type of loan, average amount borrowed by Table S1.7-A.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08Table S1.7-A.——Continued

1 The percentage of students who received Stafford loans is computed from known population totals, obtained from the U.S. Department of Education's Office of Postsecondary Education and from IPEDS, and therefore is not subject to sampling variance.

Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics Percent



Averageamount

All students


Public 32.3 12,900 1.9 11,100 7.1 6,300Non-doctorate-granting 30.4 11,700 0.2 ! ‡ 8.4 5,700Doctorate-granting 32.8 13,200 2.3 11,200 6.7 6,600







Ph.D. except in education 18.9 14,100 1.3 ! 13,300 2.5 11,400Education (any doctoral) 35.8 16,100 2.9 ‡ 14.0 7,800Any other doctoral 49.7 21,900 9.1 13,000 14.4 ! 10,100


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 74.6 30,400 13.0 14,500 8.7 10,700Other health science 79.5 24,500 11.8 15,400 14.5 11,900Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 79.7 19,200 39.2 19,500 19.7 10,600Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 43.0 12,700 ‡ ‡ 10.9 ! ‡

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 55.2 18,600 11.1 16,800 14.7 11,100Full-time/part-year 32.9 11,300 2.0 10,400 12.9 6,600Part-time/full-year 39.5 14,700 2.4 12,300 8.4 6,500Part-time/part-year 19.6 9,700 0.7 ‡ 7.4 5,100



Total Stafford loan Graduate PLUS loan Private loan

Table 1.7-B.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with Stafford loans, Graduate PLUS Table 1.7-B.—loans, or private loans, and of those with each type of loan, average amount borrowed Table 1.7-B.—by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08




Averageamount



Public 49.1 15,100 5.0 12,500 7.8 9,500Non-doctorate-granting 54.7 13,700 ‡ ‡ 16.4 ‡Doctorate-granting 48.2 15,400 5.7 12,600 6.6 10,300

Private nonprofit 57.5 17,300 12.8 16,500 17.7 12,300Non-doctorate-granting 73.2 16,100 8.6 ‡ 14.5 10,200Doctorate-granting 53.3 17,700 14.0 16,900 18.6 12,700

Doctoral degree/institution type 33.9 19,100 5.1 13,600 8.4 11,100Public 27.0 14,800 2.2 ‡ 2.3 ‡Private nonprofit 32.9 22,000 7.8 13,800 10.2 11,000



Business administration (M.B.A.) 55.7 15,900 8.1 19,900 24.5 9,700Education (any master’s) 61.6 13,800 4.1 ‡ 20.7 10,300M.A. except in education 62.2 17,000 13.7 11,800 12.0 7,400M.S. except in education 44.2 16,400 6.6 15,100 13.6 13,900Any other master’s 60.2 16,800 10.6 13,600 14.5 12,400


Ph.D. except in education 19.2 13,400 1.7 ! ‡ 2.5 13,600Education (any doctoral) 47.1 17,700 2.6 ! ‡ 24.3 ‡Any other doctoral 64.8 23,200 13.6 13,600 18.1 ! 10,100


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 76.2 31,100 14.1 14,200 9.4 10,600Other health science 85.1 25,100 13.4 14,500 14.3 12,500Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 80.3 19,700 41.1 20,400 20.4 11,100Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 66.2 ‡ ‡ ‡ 8.8 ! ‡

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.


NOTE: Average loan amounts include only graduate and first-professional students who received that type of loan. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico. Graduate and first-professional students may take out up to $8,500 in subsidized loans if they have demonstrated financial need and up to $20,500 in subsidized and unsubsidized loans combined. Students in certain health professions programs may borrow up to $40,500 per year.



Table 1.7-B.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with Stafford loans, Graduate PLUS Table 1.7-B.—loans, or private loans, and of those with each type of loan, average amount borrowed Table 1.7-B.—by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08Table 1.7-B.——Continued




Averageamount

All students


Public 0.59 250 0.27 1,210 0.70 450Non-doctorate-granting 2.66 630 0.07 † 1.76 690Doctorate-granting 0.88 300 0.35 1,240 0.68 540

Private nonprofit 0.68 250 0.40 780 0.48 390Non-doctorate-granting 1.77 320 0.34 1,190 0.97 610Doctorate-granting 1.07 350 0.54 940 0.61 470

Doctoral degree/institution type 1.45 540 0.44 1,090 1.34 680Public 1.14 530 0.39 1,450 0.63 1,780Private nonprofit 1.81 910 0.67 1,080 0.94 790

First-professional degree/institution type 1.92 420 1.27 550 1.07 470Public 2.38 580 1.55 1,180 1.08 1,180Private nonprofit 2.52 540 2.30 650 1.36 550


Business administration (M.B.A.) 2.21 750 0.81 2,420 3.55 770Education (any master’s) 1.68 280 0.25 1,790 1.48 530M.A. except in education 3.01 460 1.13 1,830 1.80 740M.S. except in education 1.54 470 0.50 1,360 0.96 860Any other master’s 2.07 390 0.68 1,230 1.33 760


Ph.D. except in education 1.58 640 0.45 3,760 0.40 1,610Education (any doctoral) 2.93 780 0.79 † 2.90 1,320Any other doctoral 3.42 860 1.19 1,170 4.56 800


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 3.02 790 3.58 1,420 1.53 1,250Other health science 2.81 770 1.74 1,670 2.26 1,630Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.06 240 2.32 600 1.40 570Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 7.35 960 † † 3.95 †

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 1.24 210 0.48 530 1.04 390Full-time/part-year 2.69 780 0.41 1,410 3.09 600Part-time/full-year 1.02 240 0.29 960 0.67 330Part-time/part-year 1.13 410 0.20 † 0.83 400


Table S1.7-B.—Standard errors for table 1.7-B: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S1.7-B.—with Stafford loans, Graduate PLUS loans, or private loans, and of those with each type Table S1.7-B.—of loan, average amount borrowed by graduate level, institution type, and selected Table S1.7-B.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Private loanTotal Stafford loan Graduate PLUS loan




Averageamount



Public 1.78 340 0.88 1,660 1.07 1,210Non-doctorate-granting 6.18 1,340 † † 4.85 †Doctorate-granting 1.96 370 1.00 1,680 1.05 1,540

Private nonprofit 1.41 380 1.33 1,010 1.34 730Non-doctorate-granting 3.15 550 1.40 † 3.36 1,000Doctorate-granting 1.72 490 1.61 1,190 1.72 840

Doctoral degree/institution type 2.24 720 0.59 1,250 2.31 770Public 1.75 810 0.56 † 0.48 †Private nonprofit 2.34 1,100 0.82 1,270 1.15 940

First-professional degree/institution type 1.71 430 1.37 600 1.07 570Public 2.24 600 1.78 1,230 1.09 1,370Private nonprofit 2.23 540 2.09 720 1.61 660


Business administration (M.B.A.) 4.67 1,020 2.33 2,950 5.93 1,150Education (any master’s) 3.33 580 1.00 † 5.93 830M.A. except in education 3.56 750 3.41 2,260 3.34 1,210M.S. except in education 3.47 710 1.24 1,700 2.37 1,590Any other master’s 3.35 690 1.85 1,510 2.23 1,030


Ph.D. except in education 1.70 740 0.68 † 0.48 2,290Education (any doctoral) 6.89 740 1.00 † 6.84 †Any other doctoral 4.08 1,010 1.80 1,220 7.26 990


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.83 760 3.68 1,510 1.74 1,280Other health science 2.66 850 2.00 1,800 2.35 1,930Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.34 270 2.26 650 1.59 710Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 8.87 † † † 4.02 †



Table S1.7-B.—Standard errors for table 1.7-B: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S1.7-B.—with Stafford loans, Graduate PLUS loans, or private loans, and of those with each type Table S1.7-B.—of loan, average amount borrowed by graduate level, institution type, and selected Table S1.7-B.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


NoneLess thanmaximum

Maximum($8,500) None

Less thanmaximum

Maximum($20,500)

All students


Public 71.0 12.6 16.4 25.1 67.7 26.7 5.6Non-doctorate-granting 73.2 14.2 12.5 23.3 69.6 27.9 2.5 !Doctorate-granting 70.3 12.1 17.5 25.6 67.2 26.3 6.6





Business administration (M.B.A.) 63.6 18.4 18.0 37.8 57.9 29.9 12.2Education (any master’s) 64.5 18.4 17.1 32.4 60.5 33.4 6.1M.A. except in education 58.0 14.3 27.7 38.5 54.2 31.2 14.6M.S. except in education 72.5 10.8 16.7 26.3 69.1 22.1 8.9Any other master’s 59.8 14.1 26.1 37.5 57.3 27.8 15.0




Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 26.2 4.2 69.6 66.5 25.4 14.0 60.6Other health science 23.1 6.6 70.3 70.0 20.5 29.3 50.2Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 23.5 7.0 69.5 74.9 20.3 17.2 62.5Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 59.9 11.3 28.8 23.5 57.0 31.3 11.7 !


Unsub-sidized

Stafford loans


Subsidized Stafford loansSubsidized and

unsubsidized Stafford loans

Table 1.8.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by receipt and type Table 1.8.—of Stafford loan, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: Table 1.8.—2007–08




Less thanmaximum

Maximum($20,500)

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 47.7 11.3 41.0 49.0 44.8 25.6 29.6Full-time/part-year 70.0 19.8 10.2 27.5 67.1 28.5 4.4Part-time/full-year 64.3 13.9 21.8 33.6 60.5 28.2 11.3Part-time/part-year 84.2 11.2 4.6 16.3 80.4 17.7 1.9

Subsidized amountNone 100.0 # # 5.3 94.7 4.5 0.8Less than maximum # 100.0 # 77.6 # 94.1 5.9Maximum # # 100.0 89.4 # 42.3 57.7



Public 53.7 12.4 33.9 40.0 50.9 35.4 13.6Non-doctorate-granting 48.9 21.4 29.8 44.2 45.3 48.8 ‡Doctorate-granting 54.5 11.1 34.5 39.4 51.8 33.4 14.8





Business administration (M.B.A.) 48.6 20.7 ! 30.8 51.5 44.3 29.3 26.4Education (any master’s) 43.3 25.3 31.4 54.0 38.5 47.1 14.4M.A. except in education 40.6 11.1 48.3 54.6 37.8 32.9 29.3M.S. except in education 59.5 8.3 32.2 38.5 55.8 24.5 19.7Any other master’s 42.5 12.7 ! 44.8 54.7 39.8 32.5 27.7



Subsidized Stafford loansUnsub-sidized

Stafford loans

Subsidized and unsubsidized Stafford loans

Table 1.8.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by receipt and type Table 1.8.—of Stafford loan, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: Table 1.8.—2007–08—Continued




Less thanmaximum

Maximum($20,500)


Ph.D. except in education 82.3 5.9 11.7 12.9 80.8 14.1 5.1Education (any doctoral) 55.9 10.2 ! 33.9 43.1 52.9 25.5 21.6 !Any other doctoral 37.5 6.7 55.8 59.5 35.2 17.0 47.9


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 24.7 2.9 72.4 68.3 23.8 13.3 63.0Other health science 16.9 5.6 77.5 75.5 14.9 28.7 56.4Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 22.7 4.0 73.3 75.3 19.7 12.4 67.9Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 35.5 16.6 ! 47.9 36.8 33.8 47.1 19.1 !

Subsidized amountNone 100.0 # # 6.1 93.9 4.2 1.8Less than maximum # 100.0 # 77.6 # 90.6 9.4Maximum # # 100.0 91.0 # 32.5 67.5

# Rounds to zero.! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.


Table 1.8.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by receipt and type Table 1.8.—of Stafford loan, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: Table 1.8.—2007–08—Continued




Stafford loans





Less thanmaximum

Maximum($20,500)

All students

Total # 0.37 0.37 # 0.21 0.38 0.28 Master’s degree/institution type 0.41 0.57 0.65 0.41 0.47 0.59 0.51

Public 0.62 0.76 0.76 0.64 0.59 0.68 0.51Non-doctorate-granting 2.31 1.53 1.57 2.91 2.66 2.43 0.81Doctorate-granting 0.84 0.94 0.96 1.13 0.88 0.80 0.65









Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.94 1.07 2.91 3.15 3.02 2.18 3.12Other health science 3.05 1.67 3.24 2.92 2.81 2.80 3.45Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.09 1.20 2.33 1.98 2.06 1.82 2.50Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 7.13 3.10 6.55 5.18 7.35 6.92 3.67


Unsub-sidized

Stafford loans



Subsidized Stafford loans

National Center for Education StatisticsTable S1.8.—Standard errors for table 1.8: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S1.8.—students by receipt and type of Stafford loan, graduate level, institution type, and Table S1.8.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Less thanmaximum

Maximum($20,500)

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 1.22 0.97 1.13 1.19 1.24 1.08 1.00Full-time/part-year 2.74 2.91 2.79 2.80 2.69 2.97 0.66Part-time/full-year 1.09 0.97 0.80 0.98 1.02 1.06 0.65Part-time/part-year 1.12 1.00 0.86 1.09 1.13 1.05 0.45

Subsidized amountNone # † † 0.33 0.33 0.34 0.12Less than maximum † # † 1.36 † 0.70 0.70Maximum † † # 0.81 † 1.30 1.30











Stafford loans



National Center for Education StatisticsTable S1.8.—Standard errors for table 1.8: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S1.8.—students by receipt and type of Stafford loan, graduate level, institution type, and Table S1.8.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Less thanmaximum

Maximum($20,500)




Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.74 0.86 2.81 3.14 2.83 2.04 3.07Other health science 2.78 1.63 3.12 3.04 2.66 3.12 3.71Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.41 1.13 2.54 2.21 2.34 1.66 2.39Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 8.90 5.26 8.40 6.86 8.87 8.65 6.87

Subsidized amountNone # † † 0.83 0.83 0.72 0.41Less than maximum † # † 2.71 † 1.62 1.62Maximum † † # 0.74 † 1.24 1.24

† Not applicable.# Rounds to zero.SOURCE: U.S. Department of Education, National Center for Education Statistics, 2007–08 National Postsecondary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08).




Stafford loans

Table S1.8.—Standard errors for table 1.8: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S1.8.—students by receipt and type of Stafford loan, graduate level, institution type, and Table S1.8.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Grants as a percentof total aid amount1

Loans as a percentof total aid amount2

Total aided students

Total 35.9 50.4 64.4 87.1 Master’s degree/institution type 37.7 52.5 68.7 88.5

Public 39.9 45.1 68.5 86.0Non-doctorate-granting 34.0 56.0 74.3 92.3Doctorate-granting 41.4 42.4 67.4 84.1

Private nonprofit 40.4 53.1 71.6 89.2Non-doctorate-granting 35.2 60.1 71.0 91.7Doctorate-granting 42.2 50.6 71.7 88.2

Doctoral degree/institution type 35.1 28.2 56.1 76.2Public 37.3 17.1 54.1 61.4Private nonprofit 38.0 31.5 61.9 82.6

First-professional degree/institution type 16.9 78.9 36.4 87.9Public 15.9 78.5 32.9 87.8Private nonprofit 17.7 79.2 39.0 87.9


Business administration (M.B.A.) 43.6 49.4 73.0 88.2Education (any master’s) 31.7 62.2 69.9 91.9M.A. except in education 30.2 56.7 58.8 88.2M.S. except in education 41.9 40.5 68.2 84.1Any other master’s 39.5 52.8 68.4 87.6


Ph.D. except in education 39.6 13.8 56.4 61.6Education (any doctoral) 32.7 47.8 62.1 83.5Any other doctoral 24.5 55.3 51.3 86.1


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 12.7 82.1 33.0 90.2Other health science 13.4 81.5 27.6 89.4Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 16.5 79.9 35.6 87.3Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 53.7 44.3 70.8 72.2

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 26.1 56.9 49.9 85.0Full-time/part-year 32.4 47.6 66.8 89.5Part-time/full-year 38.5 51.3 67.7 88.8Part-time/part-year 53.2 38.0 82.3 89.0



All aided students

Table 1.9.—Average grant and loan amounts as a percentage of total aid amounts for graduate and Table 1.9.—first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution type, Table 1.9.—and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Grants as a percent of total aid for

students with grantsof total aid amount

Loans as a percent of total aid for

students with loans

Grants as a percentof total aid amount1

Loans as a percentof total aid amount2


Total aided students 26.1 56.9 49.9 85.0 Master’s degree/institution type 26.3 61.0 52.7 86.0

Public 28.2 48.8 49.8 80.4Non-doctorate-granting 10.9 73.1 ‡ 93.2Doctorate-granting 30.5 45.6 50.3 78.2









Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 12.3 83.6 31.2 90.6Other health science 11.3 84.8 24.3 89.5Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 15.7 80.8 34.0 87.8Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 47.5 50.4 59.8 ‡

‡ Reporting standards not met.1 For all aided students, including those with no grants.2 For all aided students, including those with no loans.



National Center for Education StatisticsTable 1.9.—Average grant and loan amounts as a percentage of total aid amounts for graduate and Table 1.9.—first-professional students who received each type of aid by graduate level, institution type, Table 1.9.—and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


All aided students Grants as a percent of total aid for



students with loans

Grants as a percentof total aid amount

Loans as a percentof total aid amount

Total aided students














National Center for Education StatisticsTable S1.9.—Standard errors for table 1.9: Average grant and loan amounts as a percentage of total aid Table S1.9.—amounts for graduate and first-professional students who received each type of aid Table S1.9.—by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08




students with loansGraduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics

Grants as a percentof total aid amount

Loans as a percentof total aid amount



Public 1.44 1.82 2.08 1.54Non-doctorate-granting 2.69 6.17 † 2.73Doctorate-granting 1.62 1.90 2.17 1.73









Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.20 2.21 4.34 1.02Other health science 1.24 1.58 2.08 1.31Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.46 1.54 2.49 0.94Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 7.19 7.39 5.85 †


Table S1.9.—Standard errors for table 1.9: Average grant and loan amounts as a percentage of total aid Table S1.9.—amounts for graduate and first-professional students who received each type of aid Table S1.9.—by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08Table S1.9.——Continued






students with loans

Year in program and graduate level TotalUnder-

graduate Graduate TotalUnder-

graduate Graduate

Total 58.3 38.5 47.1 $35,900 $16,200 $31,100 Year in program

First-year 59.0 40.8 47.5 29,300 17,900 21,100Second-year 61.2 40.2 50.8 35,400 15,600 30,300Third-year 62.1 38.4 52.2 45,800 15,100 43,400Fourth-year or beyond 49.9 28.8 41.3 52,000 13,800 53,200

Graduate level

Master’s degree 59.0 41.8 46.5 31,200 17,000 24,300

Doctoral degree 48.1 25.9 41.3 46,900 13,900 45,900First-year 49.8 35.7 41.4 41,700 15,800 36,500Second-year 54.5 24.4 47.8 44,400 14,800 43,100Third-year 52.1 26.9 45.8 46,700 12,700 45,600Fourth-year or beyond 42.2 19.9 36.1 52,400 12,000 54,500

First-professional degree 81.1 41.2 79.9 56,200 14,100 49,700First-year 77.3 44.0 75.7 34,900 15,300 26,800Second-year 81.3 38.7 80.5 48,900 13,200 43,000Third-year 86.1 41.5 85.3 65,100 13,800 59,100Fourth-year or beyond 78.7 40.0 77.1 89,000 13,600 83,800



Average cumulative Stafford amount borrowed

Percent who everborrowed Stafford loans

Table 1.10.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who ever borrowed Stafford loans Table 1.10.—for undergraduate or graduate education and, of those who did, average cumulative Table 1.10.—amount borrowed by year in program and graduate level: 2007–08

NOTE: Average cumulative Stafford loan amounts were calculated separately for each column. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

Year in program and graduate level TotalUnder-

graduate Graduate TotalUnder-

graduate Graduate

Total 0.55 0.67 0.38 $550 $400 $450 Graduate level

First-year 1.17 1.69 0.85 1,160 700 770Second-year 0.94 0.98 0.94 680 570 570Third-year 1.70 1.60 1.61 1,220 490 1,050Fourth-year or beyond 1.35 1.32 1.26 1,610 470 1,810

Graduate level

Master’s degree 0.78 0.94 0.60 770 520 520

Doctoral degree 1.35 1.30 1.48 1,550 420 1,470First-year 3.89 4.25 4.42 4,610 1,040 3,550Second-year 2.48 2.23 2.67 2,300 590 2,500Third-year 2.00 1.78 2.15 2,150 660 2,050Fourth-year or beyond 1.76 1.21 1.82 2,560 370 2,670

First-professional degree 1.46 1.53 1.50 1,460 320 1,400First-year 2.53 2.55 2.60 1,350 490 1,340Second-year 2.61 2.69 2.59 1,970 570 1,860Third-year 2.03 2.43 2.01 1,810 530 1,630Fourth-year or beyond 2.94 3.15 3.10 4,000 950 3,920



Percent who everborrowed Stafford loans

Average cumulative amount borrowed

Table S1.10.—Standard errors for table 1.10: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S1.10.—ever borrowed Stafford loans for undergraduate or graduate education and, of those who Table S1.10.—did, average cumulative amount borrowed by year in program and graduate level: Table S1.10.—2007–08

Graduate level and institution type First-year Second-year Third-yearFourth-year

or beyond








Year in program in 2007–08


Ever borrowedas graduate

student fromany source

Table 1.11.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who had ever borrowed from any Table 1.11.—source for graduate education by year in program, graduate level, and institution type: Table 1.11.—2007–08


or beyond







Table S1.11.—Standard errors for table 1.11: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S1.11.—had ever borrowed from any source for graduate education by year in program, graduate Table S1.11.—level, and institution type: 2007–08

Year in program in 2007–08 Ever borrowedas graduate




or beyond


Public 17,700 25,100 28,500 35,000 23,200Non-doctorate-granting 16,600 20,900 23,200 28,300 19,600Doctorate-granting 18,100 26,200 29,900 36,600 24,200



First-professional degree/institution type 35,900 59,400 83,000 97,700 66,000Public 33,700 52,700 71,800 92,000 60,100Private nonprofit 37,400 64,200 90,700 102,500 70,300



Year in program in 2007–08


Ever borrowedas graduate


Table 1.12.—Average amount ever borrowed from any source by graduate and first-professional Table 1.12.—students who borrowed for graduate education by year in program, graduate level, Table 1.12.—and institution type: 2007–08


or beyond

Total $710 $670 $1,560 $1,860 $470 Master’s degree/institution type 780 700 1,940 1,850 500

Public 730 870 2,020 3,580 600Non-doctorate-granting 1,330 1,800 3,510 5,030 1,130Doctorate-granting 940 1,100 2,540 4,660 770

Private nonprofit 630 870 2,520 1,980 590Non-doctorate-granting 1,080 930 5,110 3,570 710Doctorate-granting 910 1,180 2,680 2,420 860


First-professional degree/institution type 1,530 2,260 2,460 4,320 1,720Public 2,420 3,860 3,670 6,780 2,110Private nonprofit 2,010 2,720 3,190 6,360 2,720


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S1.12.—Standard errors for table 1.12: Average amount ever borrowed from any source by Table S1.12.—graduate and first-professional students who borrowed for graduate education by year Table S1.12.—in program, graduate level, and institution type: 2007–08

Year in program in 2007–08 Ever borrowedas graduate




Averageamount






Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 49.6 22,200 56.2 32,500 69.1 42,300Education (any master’s) 58.6 20,200 56.9 27,000 74.3 36,700M.A. except in education 57.2 21,600 60.9 32,800 72.1 44,800M.S. except in education 46.9 20,300 46.9 30,300 61.0 39,000Any other master’s 51.9 17,900 58.1 36,900 69.6 44,100




Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 41.6 19,600 81.9 119,400 83.2 127,300Other health science 62.5 27,100 87.0 87,600 88.8 104,800Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 51.8 22,000 88.6 80,100 88.6 92,900Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

‡ Reporting standards not met.



Had ever borrowed for undergraduate or

graduate educationHad ever borrowed for

undergraduate educationHad ever borrowed for

graduate educationGraduate level, institution type,and selected enrollment characteristics

Table 1.13.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional completers who had ever borrowed from Table 1.13.—any source for undergraduate and graduate education and, of those who had, average Table 1.13.—cumulative amount borrowed by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table 1.13.—characteristics: 2007–08

NOTE: Average loan amounts were calculated separately for each column. Completers are students who expected to complete a graduate or first-professional degree during the 2007–08 academic year, as reported by students and/or institutions. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.



Averageamount

Total 1.21 $490 1.18 $880 1.09 $790 Master’s degree/institution type 1.37 600 1.35 1,000 1.24 1,000

Public 1.96 640 1.69 1,060 1.65 1,210Non-doctorate-granting 4.09 1,460 3.85 2,060 4.30 2,720Doctorate-granting 2.04 720 1.94 1,180 1.80 1,280

Private nonprofit 1.54 700 1.67 1,040 1.87 1,230Non-doctorate-granting 3.04 1,220 2.46 1,260 2.94 1,860Doctorate-granting 1.75 880 2.07 1,350 2.20 1,520

Doctoral degree/institution type 1.89 800 2.65 3,390 2.45 3,210Public 2.48 1,050 2.99 3,520 3.04 2,970Private nonprofit 2.77 1,120 3.80 5,860 3.15 5,520


Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 3.88 2,430 3.56 3,140 2.87 2,510Education (any master’s) 2.74 800 2.76 1,600 2.44 2,320M.A. except in education 3.93 1,360 4.40 3,400 3.28 4,180M.S. except in education 3.31 1,280 3.22 1,670 2.88 1,920Any other master’s 2.81 1,150 2.69 1,490 2.35 1,920




Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 4.43 2,780 4.38 9,190 4.52 10,270Other health science 6.10 4,420 5.18 8,020 4.22 9,650Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 3.14 2,070 2.22 2,600 2.22 3,120Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) † † † † † †



Had ever borrowed for undergraduate education

Had ever borrowed for graduate education

Table S1.13.—Standard errors for table 1.13: Percentage of graduate and first-professional completers Table S1.13.—who had ever borrowed from any source for undergraduate and graduate education and, Table S1.13.—of those who had, average cumulative amount borrowed by graduate level, institution Table S1.13.—type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08

Had ever borrowed for undergraduate or

graduate educationGraduate level, institution type,and selected enrollment characteristics

All students

Total 73.7 39.7 2.5 27.5 34.0 21.9 Master’s degree/institution type 73.5 39.8 2.1 21.4 38.0 25.9

Public 70.3 32.9 2.3 25.9 32.8 24.5Non-doctorate-granting 61.5 31.6 1.6 ! 12.3 29.3 20.6Doctorate-granting 72.9 33.3 2.5 29.9 33.8 25.7

Private nonprofit 73.6 40.7 2.3 19.7 39.4 27.0Non-doctorate-granting 72.8 45.2 3.5 13.5 36.5 25.3Doctorate-granting 73.8 39.0 1.9 21.9 40.4 27.6

Doctoral degree/institution type 85.9 31.4 2.4 63.1 24.4 13.2Public 84.2 22.8 2.9 70.5 21.2 14.0Private nonprofit 87.1 34.0 2.2 60.7 25.6 12.4

First-professional degree/institution type 87.6 77.3 7.0 34.8 28.7 6.9Public 88.0 77.7 10.5 33.6 22.2 6.6Private nonprofit 87.4 77.0 4.4 35.6 33.4 7.1

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 87.0 56.4 3.9 44.1 30.7 11.5Full-time/part-year 72.0 33.4 2.1 30.2 31.2 17.7Part-time/full-year 74.1 40.1 2.6 21.5 36.0 28.2Part-time/part-year 56.8 20.2 0.9 ! 11.9 37.0 29.9



Public 86.3 49.3 4.2 52.1 25.5 13.5Non-doctorate-granting 76.9 54.7 ‡ 23.6 19.8 5.1 !Doctorate-granting 87.7 48.5 4.3 56.4 26.4 14.7




! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 A large proportion of institutional aid comes from federal research funds.

3 Also included in “Other” column or in “Institutional” column (if student was an employee of the institution and received aid as an employee benefit).



2 Aid from sources that were not federal, state, or institutional. Includes primarily employer tuition reimbursements, outside grants, private/commercial loans, and veterans’ benefits.


Graduate level, institution type,and attendance status Any aid Federal State Other2 Employer3

Insti-tutional1

Table 2.1.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by sourceTable 2.1.—of aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: 2007–08

All students


Public 1.16 0.60 0.38 1.20 1.12 1.09Non-doctorate-granting 2.63 2.66 0.50 1.53 2.61 2.61Doctorate-granting 1.40 0.87 0.45 1.44 1.30 1.28




Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 0.65 1.19 0.28 1.46 1.14 0.94Full-time/part-year 2.41 2.64 0.48 2.57 4.08 2.00Part-time/full-year 1.18 1.02 0.37 0.92 0.99 0.95Part-time/part-year 1.65 1.10 0.41 0.82 1.65 1.51



Public 1.37 1.79 0.85 2.48 1.89 1.45Non-doctorate-granting 4.06 6.18 † 5.07 4.05 2.08Doctorate-granting 1.40 1.96 0.93 2.67 2.16 1.66






Graduate level, institution type,and attendance status Any aid Federal State

Insti-tutional Other Employer

Table S2.1.—Standard errors for table 2.1: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S2.1.—received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendance Table S2.1.—status: 2007–08


Insti-tutional1 Other2 Employer3

All students

Total $17,600 $17,800 $4,200 $13,100 $6,500 $5,100 Master’s degree/institution type 14,400 14,800 3,900 10,200 6,300 5,200

Public 12,900 13,600 2,500 11,100 5,000 4,300Non-doctorate-granting 9,100 11,600 ‡ 5,700 4,100 3,200Doctorate-granting 13,800 14,100 2,700 11,800 5,300 4,500

Private nonprofit 15,400 16,500 5,200 9,000 7,000 5,800Non-doctorate-granting 12,800 14,300 4,000 5,500 5,300 4,500Doctorate-granting 16,400 17,400 5,900 9,800 7,600 6,200

Doctoral degree/institution type 23,800 19,100 4,900 19,400 8,500 7,400Public 22,200 14,400 4,200 19,300 7,800 7,200Private nonprofit 25,900 22,500 6,300 ! 20,500 8,900 7,600

First-professional degree/institution type 33,200 29,700 4,900 9,200 9,100 5,000Public 29,000 26,600 4,100 8,700 6,900 4,100Private nonprofit 36,200 31,900 6,300 9,700 10,100 5,700

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 26,300 22,400 5,000 16,000 9,900 8,200Full-time/part-year 13,400 12,000 ‡ 11,300 6,900 6,600Part-time/full-year 14,100 15,500 2,700 10,200 5,600 5,000Part-time/part-year 7,500 9,700 ‡ 6,800 3,900 3,400


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.2.—Average amount of aid received by graduate and first-professional students who received aid Table 2.2.—from specific sources by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendance Table 2.2.—status: 2007–08





Public 20,700 16,800 3,100 13,800 9,000 9,100Non-doctorate-granting 14,400 14,100 ‡ 8,000 ‡ ‡Doctorate-granting 21,600 17,300 3,400 14,200 9,200 9,300

Private nonprofit 24,700 21,500 7,200 12,000 10,300 6,700Non-doctorate-granting 20,300 17,900 ‡ 7,700 7,700 5,000Doctorate-granting 25,900 22,800 ‡ 12,600 11,000 7,100

Doctoral degree/institution type 28,200 21,000 5,700 22,000 10,500 9,600Public 26,400 15,600 5,000 22,000 10,200 9,300Private nonprofit 30,100 24,300 ‡ 22,600 10,500 10,700

First-professional degree/institution type 35,500 30,900 4,900 9,400 9,600 5,100Public 30,700 27,400 4,300 8,600 7,100 ‡Private nonprofit 39,300 33,500 6,000 9,900 11,000 5,400




NOTE: Average aid amounts include only graduate and first-professional students who received aid from that particular source. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.



Table 2.2.—Average amount of aid received by graduate and first-professional students who received aid Table 2.2.—from specific sources by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and attendance Table 2.2.—status: 2007–08—continued



All students

Total $260 $100 $400 $350 $170 $220 Master’s degree/institution type 240 210 640 420 190 250

Public 320 290 390 510 200 190Non-doctorate-granting 550 620 † 840 320 350Doctorate-granting 400 360 420 570 240 230

Private nonprofit 340 340 1,100 480 220 210Non-doctorate-granting 400 350 1,010 580 290 290Doctorate-granting 430 480 1,670 520 270 270

Doctoral degree/institution type 450 640 780 480 360 350Public 560 620 580 450 620 450Private nonprofit 740 920 2,020 840 510 550

First-professional degree/institution type 670 590 510 390 440 520Public 790 710 600 630 590 630Private nonprofit 1,130 1,020 1,110 540 620 730

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 310 280 520 420 320 800Full-time/part-year 480 820 † 630 440 780Part-time/full-year 250 280 290 410 170 190Part-time/part-year 320 430 † 560 150 160


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.2.—Standard errrors for table 2.2: Average amount of aid received by graduate and Table S2.2.—first-professional students who received aid from specific sources by source of aid, Table S2.2.—graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: 2007–08




Total $310 $280 $520 $420 $320 $800 Master’s degree/institution type 500 450 990 600 460 1,070

Public 700 460 600 750 720 990Non-doctorate-granting 950 1,290 † 1,120 † †Doctorate-granting 780 500 630 770 790 1,040

Private nonprofit 620 650 1,950 740 490 510Non-doctorate-granting 880 740 † 1,360 810 960Doctorate-granting 760 840 † 790 580 610

Doctoral degree/institution type 560 840 1,070 500 470 640Public 840 900 750 650 1,110 950Private nonprofit 770 1,120 † 860 680 1,030

First-professional degree/institution type 630 560 570 450 520 760Public 850 740 700 760 690 †Private nonprofit 870 880 1,040 630 750 970


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.2.—Standard errrors for table 2.2: Average amount of aid received by graduate and Table S2.2.—first-professional students who received aid from specific sources by source of aid, Table S2.2.—graduate level, institution type, and attendance status: 2007–08—Continued

Graduate level and selectedstudent and enrollment characteristics Any aid Federal State


All students

Total 73.7 39.7 2.5 27.5 34.0 21.9 Master’s students

Total 73.5 39.8 2.1 21.4 38.0 25.9 Gender

Male 74.5 33.6 1.5 ! 24.1 41.0 29.9Female 72.9 43.8 2.5 19.6 36.1 23.5

Race/ethnicity4

White 71.5 37.1 1.9 20.7 38.7 28.1Black 85.0 64.1 2.6 ! 15.3 37.7 22.2Hispanic 79.2 49.8 4.5 22.1 40.6 21.2Asian 66.9 17.5 1.0 ! 32.8 32.3 22.4Two or more races 75.7 45.8 ‡ 19.7 35.3 20.0Other 71.4 43.8 ‡ 22.4 37.9 20.4 !

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 75.8 40.2 3.3 36.9 28.3 14.425–29 75.5 43.2 2.0 25.5 36.3 24.130–34 73.7 40.5 1.5 14.9 43.1 30.835–39 75.5 41.2 2.4 ! 13.1 42.9 28.240 or older 67.0 33.2 1.6 10.3 42.9 34.5

Marital statusMarried 69.1 31.7 1.5 14.9 43.6 34.1Not married or separated 76.6 45.6 2.6 25.9 34.0 20.2


Lowest 25 percent 75.7 45.3 3.3 38.1 25.6 6.5Lower middle 25 percent 81.0 53.6 2.9 27.8 31.3 17.4Upper middle 25 percent 69.7 37.7 1.6 ! 11.7 43.6 34.2Highest 25 percent 68.5 24.6 1.0 10.8 49.2 42.2

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 74.7 43.6 2.2 19.4 39.0 27.3Resident alien 73.1 34.3 5.1 ! 20.3 42.1 32.0Foreign/international student 59.9 ‡ ‡ 43.1 24.8 8.6

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 80.7 42.2 ‡ 14.6 55.5 40.1Education (any master’s) 65.6 39.8 2.4 13.5 31.6 19.6M.A. except in education 76.0 46.0 2.3 ! 29.0 30.6 20.7M.S. except in education 74.5 31.6 2.4 30.3 37.9 27.0Any other master’s 77.0 43.7 2.1 26.7 35.6 24.2


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by Table 2.3-A.—source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08




Humanities 74.2 35.0 2.1 ! 39.1 31.9 19.5Social/behavioral sciences 75.0 55.8 1.8 ! 21.5 29.0 17.4Life and physical sciences 74.6 35.4 2.4 ! 42.9 26.9 16.6Engineering/computer science/mathematics 76.1 12.3 1.4 ! 36.5 44.1 33.0Education 64.7 39.7 2.5 13.0 30.7 19.2Business/management 80.2 40.3 1.5 ! 14.3 53.4 38.8Health 75.8 49.7 3.6 23.9 36.8 26.7Other/undeclared 76.3 48.1 2.3 26.6 32.0 20.8

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 84.8 56.3 3.0 35.4 36.1 16.1Full-time/part-year 71.9 37.1 2.0 ! 24.3 33.9 18.9Part-time/full-year 74.1 40.2 2.3 17.4 38.8 31.0Part-time/part-year 62.3 24.3 ‡ 11.1 40.7 32.4

Doctoral students

Total 85.9 31.4 2.4 63.1 24.4 13.2 Gender

Male 88.5 26.4 2.2 69.4 25.0 12.6Female 83.3 36.4 2.7 56.8 23.8 13.7

Race/ethnicity4

White 83.9 34.9 2.7 60.1 24.7 13.5Black 83.8 52.9 1.9 ! 40.7 24.7 12.4Hispanic 90.6 31.5 2.8 ! 67.0 35.0 10.1Asian 90.8 7.6 1.4 ! 83.3 19.1 14.1Two or more races 94.0 39.4 4.6 ! 63.0 24.8 13.3Other 86.7 24.4 ! ‡ 65.1 20.6 ! ‡

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 94.2 35.6 2.5 75.3 25.2 8.225–29 92.8 35.9 3.2 74.3 21.1 8.030–34 85.8 24.3 1.4 ! 70.6 22.9 15.635–39 80.2 31.1 1.7 ! 50.3 21.8 13.740 or older 70.8 27.7 2.4 34.3 32.3 23.3



Lowest 25 percent 90.5 41.6 4.2 67.5 23.0 6.5Lower middle 25 percent 95.0 28.8 2.6 83.5 17.0 9.7Upper middle 25 percent 80.0 30.6 0.9 ! 50.9 28.1 15.0Highest 25 percent 73.6 24.5 1.7 ! 41.3 32.6 24.0


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by Table 2.3-A.—source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.3-A.—2007–08—Continued



CitizenshipU.S. citizen 84.3 40.3 3.0 56.0 26.6 13.9Resident alien 80.5 16.8 ‡ 66.6 18.7 11.5Foreign/international student 92.7 0.5 ! ‡ 89.2 16.9 10.9

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 90.9 22.0 2.3 79.9 19.4 11.6Education (any doctoral) 73.6 36.9 2.0 36.3 34.3 21.4Any other doctoral 81.2 50.2 3.1 39.3 30.1 12.1


Humanities 82.1 24.6 2.7 67.2 16.2 10.3Social/behavioral sciences 88.6 48.7 2.6 60.9 17.4 8.3Life and physical sciences 89.8 18.1 1.2 ! 82.8 17.6 10.4Engineering/computer science/mathematics 92.8 17.3 ! 1.4 ! 78.6 27.4 12.4Education 73.0 34.4 2.2 37.8 33.2 21.3Business/management 84.8 38.8 ‡ 44.7 26.2 15.7 !Other/undeclared 85.7 39.7 4.0 57.1 27.8 14.3

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 93.0 36.7 2.9 72.4 22.6 8.0Full-time/part-year 85.3 18.0 ‡ 70.5 26.4 17.6Part-time/full-year 80.2 32.0 2.8 50.5 27.2 20.9Part-time/part-year 64.1 17.9 ‡ 37.4 24.9 18.2


Total 87.6 77.3 7.0 34.8 28.7 6.9 Gender

Male 86.5 74.1 4.8 35.6 29.0 7.2Female 88.7 80.3 8.9 33.9 28.5 6.7

Race/ethnicity4

White 88.1 77.3 6.3 35.8 29.2 7.4Black 91.8 78.6 11.5 ! 28.3 29.3 6.7 !Hispanic 89.8 85.8 12.5 27.8 30.6 ‡Asian 79.8 68.9 4.6 ! 32.5 21.0 6.9 !Two or more races 94.7 89.7 14.2 ! 41.2 42.8 ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 85.3 77.1 8.5 32.8 24.7 4.025–29 89.4 81.1 7.3 37.4 29.1 5.530–34 93.4 81.7 ‡ 38.5 33.3 11.735–39 90.3 63.6 ‡ 25.5 45.9 26.2 !40 or older 79.8 52.6 ‡ 27.8 34.9 16.9


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by Table 2.3-A.—source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.3-A.—2007–08—Continued



Marital statusMarried 89.8 71.0 3.3 ! 37.9 35.9 13.9Not married or separated 87.0 79.2 8.0 33.8 26.6 4.8


Lowest 25 percent 87.2 81.0 8.6 32.9 25.6 3.2Lower middle 25 percent 91.3 79.6 5.2 41.4 25.8 4.7Upper middle 25 percent 85.2 66.0 5.7 ! 32.5 42.9 17.5Highest 25 percent 84.4 60.6 ‡ 33.5 38.3 24.2

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 88.2 78.8 7.2 34.6 29.0 7.1Resident alien 91.6 80.9 ‡ 36.3 26.8 ‡Foreign/international student ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 84.0 77.6 9.2 30.6 17.1 1.8 !Other health science 89.8 80.0 12.4 29.5 30.8 8.9Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 89.0 79.8 4.5 37.7 31.2 7.3Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 82.7 43.0 # 44.9 48.2 17.5

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 88.1 80.6 7.7 35.5 28.0 4.6Full-time/part-year 81.8 52.2 9.2 ! 24.9 17.0 11.0 !Part-time/full-year 90.3 72.5 ‡ 35.0 31.9 15.4Part-time/part-year 75.8 47.7 ! # 29.3 49.7 25.7 !

# Rounds to zero.! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 A large proportion of institutional aid comes from federal research funds.



Table 2.3-A.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who received financial aid by Table 2.3-A.—source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.3-A.—2007–08—Continued




5 The income range for the lowest 25 percent is $13,170 or less; $13,171–37,425 for the lower middle 25 percent; $37,426–71,559 for the upper middl percent; and $71,560 or more for the highest 25 percent.6 Students’ majors do not always match the degree program they are pursuing; for example, M.B.A. students sometimes report a major other than business or management.




All students

Total 0.58 0.20 0.19 1.02 0.81 0.67 Master’s students

Total 0.68 0.46 0.25 0.83 1.15 0.91 Gender

Male 1.09 1.34 0.47 1.09 1.40 1.47Female 0.92 0.92 0.35 0.95 1.50 0.98

Race/ethnicity

White 0.91 0.77 0.24 0.89 1.44 1.18Black 1.57 2.67 1.19 1.83 3.67 2.92Hispanic 2.00 2.54 1.33 2.06 3.38 2.23Asian 2.57 2.10 0.36 2.15 2.74 2.43Two or more races 5.34 5.99 † 4.53 5.58 3.77Other 8.55 8.25 † 6.21 7.22 6.71

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 1.51 1.77 0.85 1.49 2.04 1.5925–29 1.17 1.25 0.32 1.26 1.40 1.1530–34 1.63 2.52 0.38 1.43 2.64 2.4235–39 2.31 3.23 0.73 1.75 4.10 2.3540 or older 2.21 2.31 0.40 0.95 2.36 2.57


Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1.27 1.70 0.54 1.54 1.92 0.74Lower middle 25 percent 1.21 1.90 0.52 1.93 2.90 1.25Upper middle 25 percent 1.47 1.52 0.57 0.89 1.81 1.70Highest 25 percent 1.73 1.40 0.21 0.97 1.84 2.07

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 0.71 0.51 0.27 0.86 1.22 0.95Resident alien 3.58 3.82 2.03 2.90 4.77 5.17Foreign/international student 2.37 † † 2.49 2.54 1.54

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 1.59 2.21 † 1.60 3.42 3.24Education (any master’s) 1.51 1.68 0.44 0.92 1.57 1.17M.A. except in education 2.22 2.97 0.71 2.78 2.50 1.94M.S. except in education 1.55 1.54 0.45 1.58 1.74 1.66Any other master’s 1.50 2.06 0.37 1.74 1.99 1.86


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.3-A.—Standard errors for table 2.3-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S2.3-A.—who received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.3-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Graduate field of studyHumanities 2.43 2.28 0.92 2.46 2.55 2.22Social/behavioral sciences 2.56 3.15 0.61 2.73 2.76 2.73Life and physical sciences 4.00 3.69 0.85 4.02 4.00 3.18Engineering/computer science/mathematics 2.38 1.73 0.52 2.10 2.76 2.84Education 1.56 1.75 0.47 0.90 1.63 1.26Business/management 1.47 1.92 0.65 1.50 2.90 2.63Health 2.75 3.07 0.79 2.25 2.98 2.84Other/undeclared 2.04 2.30 0.56 1.91 2.58 2.02

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 1.10 1.59 0.40 1.68 2.05 1.70Full-time/part-year 2.96 3.48 0.65 2.91 5.35 2.32Part-time/full-year 1.08 1.17 0.42 0.93 1.18 1.18Part-time/part-year 1.87 1.34 † 0.91 1.92 1.87

Doctoral students

Total 0.74 1.42 0.31 1.55 1.42 0.68 Gender

Male 0.93 2.19 0.42 2.12 2.45 0.93Female 1.16 1.99 0.43 1.82 1.37 0.98

Race/ethnicity

White 1.01 1.79 0.42 1.95 1.96 0.93Black 2.94 5.06 0.70 5.10 3.94 2.42Hispanic 2.65 4.72 1.32 4.61 7.71 2.82Asian 1.25 1.30 0.44 1.91 1.99 1.69Two or more races 4.25 7.49 1.93 7.34 7.17 3.83Other 7.15 8.57 † 9.58 6.47 †

Age as of 12/31/07



Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1.61 2.96 0.79 3.16 2.55 1.07Lower middle 25 percent 0.74 1.96 0.52 1.59 1.21 0.91Upper middle 25 percent 1.74 4.29 0.29 3.75 4.39 1.73Highest 25 percent 1.99 3.05 0.63 2.41 2.42 1.96


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.3-A.—Standard errors for table 2.3-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S2.3-A.—who received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.3-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



CitizenshipU.S. citizen 0.93 1.66 0.40 1.84 1.72 0.81Resident alien 3.45 3.46 † 4.78 3.33 2.81Foreign/international student 1.20 0.18 † 1.45 1.65 1.30


Graduate field of studyHumanities 1.95 3.19 0.53 2.83 2.37 2.02Social/behavioral sciences 1.55 4.70 0.69 4.93 2.69 1.37Life and physical sciences 1.68 1.86 0.49 1.84 1.79 1.51Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1.09 5.80 0.49 5.54 5.92 2.22Education 2.42 2.58 0.47 2.53 2.97 1.97Business/management 5.75 10.25 † 8.24 6.49 5.67Other/undeclared 1.79 2.23 0.90 2.54 1.91 1.69

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 0.84 2.17 0.41 2.66 2.29 0.70Full-time/part-year 2.74 4.33 † 3.59 4.31 2.94Part-time/full-year 1.48 1.56 0.53 1.97 1.48 1.26Part-time/part-year 3.31 4.55 † 3.95 4.39 2.90


Total 1.19 1.83 0.68 1.60 1.43 0.73 Gender

Male 1.47 2.56 0.91 1.96 1.91 1.13Female 1.42 1.74 1.02 2.03 2.11 1.20

Race/ethnicityWhite 1.41 2.08 0.77 1.82 1.52 0.95Black 3.86 5.45 4.32 5.06 5.18 2.44Hispanic 3.67 5.55 3.07 4.54 5.36 †Asian 3.47 4.61 1.71 3.88 3.48 2.18Two or more races 6.23 6.66 5.82 8.85 9.23 †Other † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.99 2.59 1.45 2.21 1.84 0.9525–29 1.54 1.77 1.08 2.54 1.89 1.1330–34 2.41 4.42 † 4.56 3.79 2.8235–39 5.71 7.41 † 5.55 8.70 8.0040 or older 5.27 6.08 † 6.05 6.64 4.30


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.3-A.—Standard errors for table 2.3-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S2.3-A.—who received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.3-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued





Lowest 25 percent 1.66 1.91 1.09 1.83 1.59 0.77Lower middle 25 percent 1.60 2.83 1.39 3.17 2.46 1.16Upper middle 25 percent 3.27 4.01 1.99 3.68 4.39 3.16Highest 25 percent 3.91 5.20 † 5.68 4.76 5.43

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 1.15 1.80 0.71 1.63 1.49 0.79Resident alien 3.70 5.79 † 6.36 6.86 †Foreign/international student † † † † † †

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.18 2.72 1.55 3.49 2.27 0.70Other health science 2.16 2.78 1.61 2.95 2.88 1.98Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.46 2.04 0.78 2.14 1.62 1.25Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 3.91 7.35 † 6.79 7.42 4.79

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 1.18 1.65 0.84 1.85 1.50 0.76Full-time/part-year 6.59 8.24 4.32 7.29 4.55 4.69Part-time/full-year 2.46 4.26 † 4.25 4.25 3.16Part-time/part-year 7.77 14.39 † 8.28 9.78 8.97


Table S2.3-A.—Standard errors for table 2.3-A: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S2.3-A.—who received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.3-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued





Total 87.0 56.4 3.9 44.1 30.7 11.5 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 84.8 56.3 3.0 35.4 36.1 16.1 Gender

Male 85.5 49.1 2.5 40.4 34.8 18.0Female 84.2 61.1 3.3 32.0 37.0 14.9

Race/ethnicity4

White 84.1 57.0 3.1 36.1 33.9 16.8Black 94.0 75.9 ‡ 23.4 48.7 23.8Hispanic 92.7 68.0 5.6 ! 32.0 51.1 10.7 !Asian 72.6 23.3 1.8 ! 47.1 22.5 9.4Two or more races 82.9 50.3 ‡ 31.3 38.8 ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 82.7 47.7 3.7 47.7 28.5 9.025–29 86.9 61.4 3.0 40.8 31.5 12.330–34 85.1 56.0 2.2 ! 25.7 49.9 21.835–39 88.6 59.5 2.4 ! 17.8 40.9 17.940 or older 81.3 63.2 2.5 ! 16.2 47.7 36.0

Marital status

Married 82.6 54.8 2.8 27.8 40.4 26.6Not married or separated 85.5 56.8 3.0 38.1 34.5 12.4


Lowest 25 percent 81.8 52.1 3.8 44.9 29.7 5.6Lower middle 25 percent 92.4 61.2 3.7 41.6 34.3 12.3Upper middle 25 percent 82.4 60.7 1.4 ! 21.0 43.9 28.9Highest 25 percent 81.9 52.0 1.8 ! 18.6 45.6 33.7

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 86.9 64.1 3.2 32.8 37.3 17.5Resident alien 82.8 55.9 ‡ 48.4 29.2 12.9 !Foreign/international student 69.9 # ‡ 50.7 29.1 7.5


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.3-B.—Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received Table 2.3-B.—financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table 2.3-B.—characteristics: 2007–08



Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 83.3 55.8 1.3 ! 20.0 52.7 28.3Education (any master’s) 83.3 61.6 3.4 25.8 36.6 13.4M.A. except in education 88.1 62.2 2.8 ! 46.4 23.1 12.3M.S. except in education 83.7 44.7 2.9 46.2 34.2 15.7Any other master’s 86.8 61.0 4.3 41.6 28.4 9.7


Humanities 85.6 51.9 3.4 ! 61.4 28.1 10.3Social/behavioral sciences 81.4 63.9 ‡ 28.1 27.7 7.3 !Life and physical sciences 88.8 51.1 4.3 ! 63.3 25.8 ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 82.2 14.2 3.8 ! 62.1 28.8 12.6Education 82.9 62.4 3.5 23.6 36.5 12.9Business/management 83.1 55.2 1.2 ! 19.4 47.8 25.2Health 89.4 72.5 5.3 ! 33.1 39.9 23.3Other/undeclared 88.8 63.7 3.1 ! 48.8 26.6 9.1


Total 93.0 36.7 2.9 72.4 22.6 8.0 Gender

Male 94.6 32.1 2.5 76.3 24.8 7.7Female 91.1 41.9 3.4 68.0 20.2 8.2

Race/ethnicity4

White 92.4 44.3 3.3 69.3 22.5 6.6Black 95.5 60.6 3.3 ! 48.3 26.8 11.3Hispanic 95.2 26.3 ‡ 82.3 36.0 ! 6.7 !Asian 91.9 9.7 1.6 ! 84.6 18.0 11.4Two or more races 99.5 39.3 7.5 ! 83.4 15.2 5.9 !Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 94.3 38.0 2.6 74.5 24.7 6.725–29 95.1 38.3 3.5 74.9 22.0 6.030–34 91.1 28.6 ‡ 80.4 19.3 9.735–39 89.2 34.8 ‡ 61.0 21.1 13.1 !40 or older 86.5 42.3 4.1 ! 50.6 28.2 12.9

Marital status



National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.3-B.—Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received Table 2.3-B.—financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table 2.3-B.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued




Lowest 25 percent 91.8 45.9 4.3 67.4 22.4 4.8Lower middle 25 percent 96.5 30.0 2.6 85.3 16.2 7.2Upper middle 25 percent 91.6 38.0 0.9 ! 62.1 31.3 10.2Highest 25 percent 87.3 28.3 ‡ 63.1 29.7 16.4

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 92.8 48.7 3.7 66.3 24.6 7.6Resident alien 91.5 20.6 ! ‡ 79.4 19.5 7.3 !Foreign/international student 93.8 0.8 ! ‡ 90.9 16.8 9.2



Humanities 90.2 28.8 1.8 ! 75.1 14.4 6.7 !Social/behavioral sciences 93.6 52.7 2.4 ! 65.9 15.2 6.7Life and physical sciences 93.8 21.0 1.0 ! 88.4 14.7 5.5Engineering/computer science/mathematics 97.7 22.6 ! 1.9 ! 84.1 29.6 ! 6.5Education 89.2 47.2 4.8 59.9 34.2 12.1Business/management 87.2 28.7 ! ‡ 51.1 27.3 ! 23.9 !Other/undeclared 91.1 48.0 5.0 62.6 26.3 9.0


Total 88.1 80.6 7.7 35.5 28.0 4.6 Gender

Male 86.8 77.6 5.7 36.6 28.0 4.5Female 89.3 83.4 9.5 34.4 28.0 4.7

Race/ethnicity4

White 88.7 80.6 7.4 36.5 28.3 5.0Black 93.0 86.6 13.4 ! 31.6 25.4 4.0 !Hispanic 89.9 88.9 12.4 ! 26.8 34.1 ‡Asian 79.8 71.8 ‡ 34.1 20.9 5.6 !Two or more races 94.0 88.5 15.9 ! 34.3 40.3 ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡


Table 2.3-B.—Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received Table 2.3-B.—financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table 2.3-B.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued




Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 85.8 78.6 8.2 32.0 25.3 3.125–29 89.1 82.1 8.1 36.8 29.8 5.130–34 99.6 89.7 ‡ 43.4 31.3 8.7 !35–39 93.8 81.8 ‡ 32.7 36.8 9.7 !40 or older 76.5 66.9 ‡ 47.3 25.5 ! ‡

Marital status

Married 92.4 81.1 4.6 ! 40.8 34.2 10.1Not married or separated 87.0 80.5 8.5 34.1 26.3 3.2


Lowest 25 percent 87.7 82.3 9.1 33.1 26.5 2.6Lower middle 25 percent 92.2 82.1 4.8 ! 41.7 26.0 3.3 !Upper middle 25 percent 84.1 71.8 7.6 ! 38.4 40.6 15.1Highest 25 percent 83.3 72.4 ‡ 31.3 28.2 ‡

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 88.5 82.1 7.9 35.3 28.2 4.8Resident alien 93.7 83.4 ‡ 39.8 21.2 #Foreign/international student ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 83.9 78.8 9.6 29.5 18.0 2.1 !Other health science 91.7 85.7 12.4 30.6 30.7 6.6Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 88.8 80.4 5.1 39.1 30.8 4.7Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 86.7 66.2 # 61.2 46.1 10.7 !

# Rounds to zero.! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 A large proportion of institutional aid comes from federal research funds.




National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.3-B.—Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received Table 2.3-B.—financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table 2.3-B.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


4 Black includes African American and Hispanic includes Latino. “Other” includes American Indian, Alaska Native, Pacific Islander, Native Hawaiian, and respondents having origins in a race not listed.5 The income range for the lowest 25 percent is $13,170 or less; $13,171–37,425 for the lower middle 25 percent; $37,426–71,559 for the upper middle 25 percent; and $71,560 or more for the highest 25 percent.6 Students’ majors do not always match the degree program they are pursuing; for example, M.B.A. students sometimes report a major other than business or management.




Total 0.65 1.19 0.28 1.46 1.14 0.94 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 1.10 1.59 0.40 1.68 2.05 1.70 Gender

Male 1.99 3.01 0.63 2.59 3.01 3.00Female 1.47 2.23 0.54 2.12 2.77 1.84

Race/ethnicity

White 1.47 1.73 0.49 2.07 2.49 2.33Black 2.00 4.71 † 3.72 6.74 6.94Hispanic 1.86 5.51 2.17 5.02 6.44 3.46Asian 3.10 2.85 0.87 3.80 3.06 1.88Two or more races 7.90 10.31 † 7.88 9.79 †Other † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07


Marital status



Lowest 25 percent 1.74 2.83 0.72 2.67 3.42 0.83Lower middle 25 percent 1.35 3.33 0.91 3.78 3.78 1.88Upper middle 25 percent 3.51 3.57 0.68 2.75 5.41 5.87Highest 25 percent 3.76 5.02 0.71 3.12 5.92 6.19

Citizenship U.S. citizen 1.15 1.73 0.42 1.82 2.35 1.99 Resident alien 5.17 6.70 † 6.83 5.60 4.48

Foreign/international student 3.31 † † 4.11 4.50 2.04


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.3-B.—Standard errors for table 2.3-B: Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and Table S2.3-B.—first-professional students who received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, Table S2.3-B.—and selected student and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 3.10 4.67 0.57 3.25 5.78 6.04Education (any master’s) 2.73 3.33 0.96 3.37 5.34 2.73M.A. except in education 2.56 3.56 0.99 4.43 3.54 2.54M.S. except in education 2.75 3.45 0.83 3.50 4.02 4.03Any other master’s 1.83 3.35 0.85 3.27 2.68 1.44

Graduate field of studyHumanities 3.15 4.07 1.35 3.80 3.65 2.75Social/behavioral sciences 4.66 4.97 † 4.53 5.02 2.48Life and physical sciences 3.90 7.06 1.99 6.38 6.61 †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 3.31 2.84 1.67 4.17 4.32 3.13Education 2.84 3.63 1.05 3.31 5.76 3.00Business/management 2.77 4.16 0.47 2.59 5.63 5.08Health 2.26 3.87 1.63 4.81 6.30 6.86Other/undeclared 2.16 3.16 1.02 3.66 2.95 1.66


Total 0.84 2.17 0.41 2.66 2.29 0.70 Gender

Male 1.05 3.33 0.53 3.54 3.96 1.03Female 1.50 2.65 0.62 3.20 1.94 1.03

Race/ethnicityWhite 1.26 2.84 0.59 3.25 3.23 0.88Black 3.73 6.99 1.63 11.31 4.93 3.36Hispanic 1.75 5.86 † 4.74 11.29 3.21Asian 1.67 1.75 0.55 2.14 1.94 1.48Two or more races 0.74 8.44 3.17 6.02 4.19 2.57Other † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 1.57 3.82 0.71 3.66 4.61 1.5125–29 1.51 3.93 0.76 5.06 4.58 0.8530–34 2.19 2.75 † 2.84 2.33 1.4635–39 2.85 5.18 † 6.53 4.39 4.4440 or older 3.30 6.33 1.35 6.65 6.02 3.69

Marital status



National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.3-B.—Standard errors for table 2.3-B: Percentage of full-time/full year graduate and Table S2.3-B.—first-professional students who received financial aid by source of aid, graduate level, Table S2.3-B.—and selected student and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1.88 3.54 0.87 4.19 3.27 0.99Lower middle 25 percent 0.98 2.27 0.56 1.91 1.50 0.95Upper middle 25 percent 1.60 7.77 0.38 8.21 8.08 2.62Highest 25 percent 2.74 4.95 † 4.60 3.96 3.00

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 1.04 2.48 0.54 3.33 2.89 0.83Resident alien 3.51 6.24 † 5.55 4.97 2.49Foreign/international student 1.50 0.29 † 1.78 1.91 1.42


Graduate field of studyHumanities 2.09 4.70 0.72 4.66 3.02 2.34Social/behavioral sciences 1.44 5.94 0.77 7.44 2.34 1.60Life and physical sciences 1.57 2.46 0.48 2.04 2.00 1.29Engineering/computer science/mathematics 0.64 8.85 0.73 9.45 9.27 1.76Education 3.83 7.15 1.01 5.09 6.83 2.81Business/management 6.59 12.65 † 12.04 9.78 9.35Other/undeclared 2.46 2.72 1.15 3.44 2.06 1.59


Total 1.18 1.65 0.84 1.85 1.50 0.76 Gender

Male 1.61 2.15 1.10 2.29 1.84 0.94Female 1.42 1.82 1.23 2.38 2.21 1.13

Race/ethnicityWhite 1.41 1.98 0.90 2.09 1.65 0.95Black 4.22 5.44 5.44 6.50 5.23 1.72Hispanic 4.65 4.70 4.85 5.04 6.19 †Asian 3.67 4.49 † 4.32 3.71 2.32Two or more races 7.03 7.53 6.69 9.29 9.54 †Other † † † † † †





Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1.80 2.29 1.59 2.41 1.97 0.7325–29 1.65 1.88 1.26 2.75 2.01 1.3130–34 0.29 3.70 † 5.35 4.41 2.7135–39 5.02 8.19 † 8.30 9.89 4.3940 or older 7.71 7.59 † 8.81 8.42 †

Marital status



Lowest 25 percent 1.56 1.90 1.30 2.12 1.76 0.55Lower middle 25 percent 1.77 2.82 1.55 3.68 2.50 1.08Upper middle 25 percent 3.91 4.32 2.79 4.10 4.69 3.33Highest 25 percent 5.72 6.05 † 8.62 7.45 †

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 1.18 1.57 0.87 1.89 1.53 0.79Resident alien 3.52 5.93 † 7.05 6.33 †Foreign/international student † † † † † †

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.40 2.56 1.74 3.77 2.48 0.78Other health science 2.26 2.60 2.23 3.32 3.21 1.68Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.69 2.32 0.97 2.57 1.94 1.31Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 4.63 8.87 † 7.43 9.72 4.73





All students

Total $17,600 $17,800 $4,200 $13,100 $6,500 $5,100

Master’s students

Total 14,400 14,800 3,900 10,200 6,300 5,200

GenderMale 14,300 15,300 3,700 ! 11,500 6,600 5,600Female 14,400 14,600 3,900 9,200 6,200 5,000

Race/ethnicity4

White 13,500 14,400 3,800 9,800 5,700 4,900Black 16,500 15,100 4,400 9,700 7,400 6,500Hispanic 16,400 15,300 ‡ 10,700 7,000 5,200Asian 14,800 17,500 ‡ 11,800 8,800 6,500Two or more races 14,600 15,600 ‡ ‡ 7,200 ‡Other 18,600 18,300 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 17,100 15,600 4,600 11,800 7,700 5,40025–29 15,600 15,700 4,900 10,000 6,400 5,30030–34 13,200 13,900 ‡ 10,100 5,900 5,40035–39 12,900 13,500 ‡ 8,900 6,700 5,20040 or older 11,600 14,200 ‡ 6,600 5,400 5,000

Marital statusMarried 11,300 13,200 3,400 ! 7,800 5,600 4,800Not married or separated 16,400 15,700 4,000 11,200 7,000 5,800


Lowest 25 percent 17,900 16,500 4,000 10,100 8,400 5,700Lower middle 25 percent 16,500 14,700 3,200 12,400 6,100 4,900Upper middle 25 percent 12,400 13,800 3,200 ! 8,000 5,700 4,900Highest 25 percent 10,800 14,200 ‡ 7,500 6,100 5,600

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 14,500 14,800 3,900 10,000 6,000 5,200Resident alien 13,400 16,200 ‡ 7,700 6,000 5,100Foreign/international student 13,300 ‡ ‡ 11,700 11,800 8,500

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 14,500 14,900 ‡ 10,300 7,000 6,700Education (any master’s) 11,800 12,700 3,100 7,600 4,900 3,300M.A. except in education 15,500 15,700 ‡ 9,300 5,800 4,900M.S. except in education 15,400 15,600 3,300 12,400 7,200 5,900Any other master’s 16,200 16,900 6,300 ! 9,900 6,500 4,800


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.4-A.—Average amount of financial aid received by graduate and first-professional students Table 2.4-A.—by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.4-A.—2007–08




Humanities $15,300 $16,200 ‡ $9,500 $5,900 $4,600Social/behavioral sciences 17,500 16,600 ‡ 8,500 6,500 4,500Life and physical sciences 17,200 14,700 ‡ 13,200 7,000 7,400Engineering/computer science/mathematics 12,900 15,800 ‡ 13,900 6,100 4,600Education 11,600 12,600 3,000 7,300 4,800 3,200Business/management 13,600 14,300 4,200 9,200 7,000 6,300Health 18,300 17,600 4,600 ! 8,700 7,800 7,200Other/undeclared 17,400 16,400 ‡ 12,000 6,600 5,100

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 22,100 18,500 4,900 13,100 9,800 8,400Full-time/part-year 11,700 11,200 ‡ 8,000 6,800 6,400Part-time/full-year 12,900 14,600 2,600 8,700 5,500 5,000Part-time/part-year 7,400 9,300 ‡ 5,700 4,100 3,700

Doctoral students

Total 23,800 19,100 4,900 19,400 8,500 7,400

GenderMale 24,300 18,300 6,500 20,500 9,300 7,900Female 23,200 19,600 3,500 18,100 7,800 6,900

Race/ethnicity4

White 23,400 18,300 4,000 18,800 7,500 6,700Black 23,900 21,800 ‡ 15,200 9,300 5,000Hispanic 26,500 19,200 ‡ 21,200 10,500 5,100Asian 24,000 19,400 ‡ 21,400 11,800 11,700Two or more races 24,900 23,400 ‡ 19,500 ‡ ‡Other 18,700 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 29,900 22,600 ‡ 23,100 10,700 10,10025–29 27,200 19,400 6,300 21,500 10,000 10,40030–34 21,800 17,000 ‡ 17,800 8,100 8,30035–39 18,900 16,600 ‡ 16,000 8,800 5,60040 or older 15,400 18,200 ‡ 11,400 5,900 4,800

Marital statusMarried 19,600 16,900 5,600 ! 17,400 7,000 6,300Not married or separated 26,200 20,000 4,600 20,500 9,700 8,500


Lowest 25 percent 28,000 23,400 4,300 ! 19,400 10,200 9,300Lower middle 25 percent 26,000 15,600 6,600 22,000 9,900 10,100Upper middle 25 percent 21,300 18,600 ‡ 17,700 8,100 6,500Highest 25 percent 16,500 17,100 ‡ 13,900 6,600 5,700


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.4-A.—Average amount of financial aid received by graduate and first-professional students Table 2.4-A.—by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.4-A.—2007–08—Continued



CitizenshipU.S. citizen $23,900 $19,100 $4,700 $18,200 $7,900 $6,400Resident alien 18,200 18,500 ‡ 14,800 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student 24,300 ‡ ‡ 22,800 12,300 11,800

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 24,400 14,700 6,000 21,200 9,600 8,900Education (any doctoral) 17,400 16,400 ‡ 12,100 6,500 5,100Any other doctoral 25,500 24,700 2,900 14,600 8,300 6,300


Humanities 21,500 16,800 ‡ 18,500 6,300 5,400Social/behavioral sciences 26,000 21,000 ‡ 18,100 9,200 8,000Life and physical sciences 25,600 14,700 ‡ 22,100 10,900 10,100Engineering/computer science/mathematics 25,200 15,300 ‡ 22,700 10,100 8,900Education 17,300 16,800 ‡ 12,200 6,300 5,400Business/management 18,700 ‡ ‡ 14,900 ‡ ‡Other/undeclared 25,200 22,200 4,700 18,100 8,000 7,400

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 28,200 21,000 5,700 22,000 10,500 9,600Full-time/part-year 20,000 13,100 ‡ 17,400 9,000 8,900Part-time/full-year 17,900 17,000 2,700 14,400 5,700 5,300Part-time/part-year 13,400 13,800 ‡ 12,300 5,900 6,100


Total 33,200 29,700 4,900 9,200 9,100 5,000

GenderMale 33,300 30,300 4,900 9,000 9,900 5,600Female 33,100 29,100 4,900 9,500 8,300 4,400

Race/ethnicity4

White 33,000 29,600 5,400 9,400 8,700 4,700Black 31,400 30,100 ‡ ‡ 8,900 ‡Hispanic 33,800 28,400 ‡ 9,100 10,200 ‡Asian 33,400 30,700 ‡ 9,600 10,400 ‡Two or more races 37,100 29,600 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 32,100 29,100 4,800 8,300 7,300 ‡25–29 35,700 30,600 4,900 10,000 10,400 5,60030–34 34,200 29,900 ‡ 10,700 10,000 ‡35–39 27,300 26,800 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡40 or older 22,700 26,300 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Marital statusMarried 30,300 28,200 ‡ 9,800 9,200 5,200Not married or separated 34,100 30,100 4,800 9,100 9,000 4,900


Table 2.4-A.—Average amount of financial aid received by graduate and first-professional students Table 2.4-A.—by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.4-A.—2007–08—Continued





Lowest 25 percent $34,800 $30,500 $4,400 $8,900 $9,100 $4,100Lower middle 25 percent 32,900 29,400 ‡ 8,900 10,400 ‡Upper middle 25 percent 30,700 28,600 ‡ 11,100 7,800 5,700Highest 25 percent 25,500 24,200 ‡ 10,300 8,600 ‡

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 33,200 29,500 5,000 9,100 8,600 4,800Resident alien 38,400 34,200 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Foreign/international student ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 35,900 33,100 3,400 7,700 10,700 ‡Other health science 31,600 28,400 4,800 8,000 8,700 ‡Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 34,600 29,600 6,400 10,500 9,200 5,500Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 14,500 13,300 ‡ 6,700 6,700 ‡

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 35,500 30,900 4,900 9,400 9,600 5,100Full-time/part-year 18,100 24,500 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Part-time/full-year 26,700 25,000 ‡ 9,600 7,900 6,100Part-time/part-year 17,900 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡




Table 2.4-A.—Average amount of financial aid received by graduate and first-professional students Table 2.4-A.—by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: Table 2.4-A.—2007–08—Continued




NOTE: Average aid amounts include only graduate and first-professional students who received aid from that particular source. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

5 The income range for the lowest 25 percent is $13,170 or less; $13,171–37,425 for the lower middle 25 percent; $37,426–71,559 for the upper middle 25 percent; and $71,560 or more for the highest 25 percent.6 Students’ majors do not always match the degree program they are pursuing; for example, M.B.A. students sometimes report a major other than business or management.



All students

Total $260 $100 $400 $350 $170 $220

Master’s students

Total 240 210 640 420 190 250

GenderMale 350 410 1,340 630 320 360Female 300 270 650 430 240 360

Race/ethnicityWhite 280 300 730 450 210 240Black 840 530 1,290 1,050 860 1,340Hispanic 770 830 † 1,020 530 520Asian 610 1,450 † 860 620 490Two or more races 1,380 1,170 † † 1,050 †Other 2,890 2,540 † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 460 530 1,170 550 430 47025–29 380 390 1,350 530 260 30030–34 550 510 † 920 370 40035–39 640 930 † 1,310 540 81040 or older 630 560 † 730 490 630

Marital statusMarried 350 460 1,360 580 270 300Not married or separated 300 250 670 460 280 430

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 440 420 940 510 460 540Lower middle 25 percent 500 470 750 760 360 390Upper middle 25 percent 430 400 1,340 810 250 280Highest 25 percent 530 560 † 720 410 480

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 250 210 670 450 200 270Resident alien 1,320 1,080 † 1,010 830 890Foreign/international student 710 † † 800 900 1,280

Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 580 870 † 780 380 590Education (any master’s) 370 320 640 600 300 200M.A. except in education 630 610 † 750 460 460M.S. except in education 600 510 530 780 580 740Any other master’s 470 540 2,520 630 360 300


Table S2.4-A.—Standard errors for table 2.4-A: Average amount of financial aid received by graduate Table S2.4-A.—and first-professional students by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.4-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08




Graduate field of studyHumanities $860 $800 † $860 $580 $680Social/behavioral sciences 720 750 † 830 910 590Life and physical sciences 1,090 960 † 1,350 810 1,180Engineering/computer science/mathematics 770 1,350 † 1,210 430 440Education 390 310 670 610 310 190Business/management 480 730 1,250 590 340 470Health 1,120 610 1,720 800 1,130 1,590Other/undeclared 700 540 † 940 520 500

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 500 450 990 600 460 1,070Full-time/part-year 490 940 † 800 540 980Part-time/full-year 260 300 400 520 180 210Part-time/part-year 280 360 † 590 170 180

Doctoral students

Total 450 640 780 480 360 350

GenderMale 630 790 1,470 510 590 560Female 650 760 450 790 410 420

Race/ethnicityWhite 500 650 650 460 380 360Black 1,400 2,220 † 1,800 1,150 800Hispanic 2,720 1,150 † 2,000 2,500 890Asian 790 2,180 † 700 720 850Two or more races 3,180 5,550 † 2,040 † †Other 2,250 † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 1,190 1,310 † 1,130 1,040 1,08025–29 640 1,520 1,400 680 550 82030–34 710 800 † 660 560 74035–39 680 970 † 960 1,110 78040 or older 1,110 1,550 † 740 580 470

Marital statusMarried 500 910 2,130 560 430 400Not married or separated 540 790 690 540 470 510

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 920 1,080 1,380 940 970 1,050Lower middle 25 percent 510 590 1,170 610 590 720Upper middle 25 percent 1,040 1,040 † 790 540 700Highest 25 percent 840 1,350 † 800 550 450


Table S2.4-A.—Standard errors for table 2.4-A: Average amount of financial aid received by graduate Table S2.4-A.—and first-professional students by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.4-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued




CitizenshipU.S. citizen $550 $650 $840 $590 $400 $320Resident alien 1,460 2,400 † 1,530 † †Foreign/international student 650 † † 620 900 900

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 590 840 1,220 620 530 510Education (any doctoral) 960 800 † 940 670 550Any other doctoral 910 1,120 820 790 630 660

Graduate field of studyHumanities 1,130 2,920 † 870 960 1,150Social/behavioral sciences 980 1,730 † 900 870 1,290Life and physical sciences 900 1,390 † 790 1,150 1,010Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1,100 2,550 † 800 920 910Education 1,000 590 † 970 620 550Business/management 2,180 † † 2,150 † †Other/undeclared 750 1,010 1,340 880 600 600

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 560 840 1,070 500 470 640Full-time/part-year 970 1,590 † 1,010 930 1,270Part-time/full-year 580 540 690 780 390 380Part-time/part-year 1,290 2,670 † 1,340 850 970


Total 670 590 510 390 440 520

GenderMale 950 800 830 540 800 930Female 770 710 680 610 540 540

Race/ethnicityWhite 810 700 730 500 480 530Black 1,900 1,500 † † 1,720 †Hispanic 1,790 1,490 † 2,190 2,090 †Asian 1,640 1,610 † 1,140 1,810 †Two or more races 3,380 2,780 † † † †Other † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07Younger than 25 810 670 700 490 560 †25–29 890 820 830 660 720 90030–34 1,860 1,510 † 2,090 1,440 †35–39 3,130 2,230 † † † †40 or older 2,350 2,420 † † † †

Marital statusMarried 1,410 1,250 † 1,000 1,100 960Not married or separated 680 630 570 410 460 530


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.4-A.—Standard errors for table 2.4-A: Average amount of financial aid received by graduate Table S2.4-A.—and first-professional students by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.4-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent $710 $640 $540 $470 $520 $630Lower middle 25 percent 1,020 980 † 710 1,150 †Upper middle 25 percent 1,830 1,580 † 1,510 890 1,250Highest 25 percent 1,940 1,380 † 1,680 1,800 †

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 680 600 520 410 440 480Resident alien 2,770 2,600 † † † †Foreign/international student † † † † † †

First-professional degree programMedicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,470 1,330 460 990 2,000 †Other health science 1,130 1,130 990 960 1,010 †Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 930 760 1,070 600 520 690Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,260 1,030 † 940 1,570 †

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 630 560 570 450 520 760Full-time/part-year 2,740 2,370 † † † †Part-time/full-year 1,530 1,280 † 1,060 840 1,130Part-time/part-year 3,580 † † † † †


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.4-A.—Standard errors for table 2.4-A: Average amount of financial aid received by graduate Table S2.4-A.—and first-professional students by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student Table S2.4-A.—and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued




Total $26,300 $22,400 $5,000 $16,000 $9,900 $8,200 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 22,100 18,500 4,900 13,100 9,800 8,400 Gender

Male 21,700 18,900 ‡ 14,100 10,000 7,900Female 22,300 18,200 5,100 12,200 9,700 8,700

Race/ethnicity4

White 21,300 18,000 4,100 12,700 8,500 7,700Black 24,800 19,100 ‡ 14,100 11,100 10,500 !Hispanic 24,400 18,300 ‡ 14,900 10,100 ‡Asian 21,000 22,100 ‡ 13,300 15,900 ‡Two or more races 20,500 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 22,200 18,700 4,600 13,400 10,200 7,00025–29 23,900 19,900 ‡ 12,700 9,900 8,70030–34 21,000 18,100 ‡ 13,600 8,200 7,00035–39 18,900 15,500 ‡ 14,400 11,900 9,70040 or older 21,300 17,400 ‡ 11,100 9,400 9,300 !

Marital status

Married 19,900 17,200 ‡ 11,400 9,200 7,200Not married or separated 22,800 18,900 4,700 13,500 10,100 9,200


Lowest 25 percent 21,900 18,500 4,000 11,400 10,200 6,300Lower middle 25 percent 23,200 18,800 ‡ 15,700 9,600 7,900Upper middle 25 percent 20,600 17,900 ‡ 11,400 8,400 7,200Highest 25 percent 22,300 18,900 ‡ 16,000 11,500 11,100

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 22,800 18,400 4,800 13,400 9,100 8,200Resident alien 24,300 20,500 ‡ 9,000 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student 15,600 ‡ ‡ 12,500 15,600 ‡


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.4-B.—Average amount of financial aid received by full-time/full year graduate and Table 2.4-B.—first-professional students who received aid from specific sources by source of aid, Table 2.4-B.—graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Master’s degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) $21,300 $19,000 ‡ $11,600 $9,000 $8,300Education (any master’s) 18,700 15,100 4,200 11,600 8,600 5,500M.A. except in education 22,900 20,000 ‡ 12,000 8,700 ‡M.S. except in education 23,600 19,100 ‡ 15,400 11,800 11,000Any other master’s 23,600 19,700 ‡ 12,600 10,500 7,900


Humanities 23,500 19,200 ‡ 12,000 9,600 ‡Social/behavioral sciences 24,000 20,800 ‡ 10,700 11,000 ‡Life and physical sciences 24,200 17,500 ‡ 15,500 ‡ ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 21,400 20,100 ‡ 17,900 11,400 ‡Education 18,100 14,700 ‡ 11,300 8,200 4,600Business/management 19,900 18,000 ‡ 10,600 9,400 8,100Health 26,200 20,600 ‡ 11,200 11,600 12,500Other/undeclared 25,500 20,300 ‡ 14,100 10,300 ‡


Total 28,200 21,000 5,700 22,000 10,500 9,600 Gender

Male 28,600 19,900 7,900 23,200 11,200 9,800Female 27,600 21,900 3,900 20,500 9,600 9,300

Race/ethnicity4

White 27,900 20,000 5,000 21,200 9,400 9,000Black 30,200 26,300 ‡ 19,400 12,500 ‡Hispanic 31,000 18,500 ‡ 24,500 ‡ ‡Asian 27,100 21,500 ‡ 24,100 12,400 13,100Two or more races 31,400 31,400 ‡ 20,400 ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 31,400 23,700 ‡ 24,000 10,600 9,20025–29 29,500 21,100 7,100 23,200 10,700 11,00030–34 26,500 18,100 ‡ 20,900 10,700 12,30035–39 23,100 18,200 ‡ 18,900 ‡ ‡40 or older 20,400 20,100 ‡ 13,300 8,100 ‡

Marital status

Married 24,800 18,600 ‡ 21,100 9,100 8,000Not married or separated 29,500 21,700 5,200 22,400 11,100 10,700


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.4-B.—Average amount of financial aid received by full-time/full year graduate and Table 2.4-B.—first-professional students who received aid from specific sources by source of aid,Table 2.4-B.—graduate level, and selected student and enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued




Lowest 25 percent $30,600 $24,700 $5,400 ! $20,800 $11,100 $9,000Lower middle 25 percent 28,600 16,600 ‡ 24,200 10,900 11,800Upper middle 25 percent 26,700 21,300 ‡ 21,300 10,100 8,200Highest 25 percent 21,400 17,000 ‡ 17,400 9,000 8,300

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 28,900 21,000 5,600 20,900 10,100 8,400Resident alien 24,500 ‡ ‡ 19,900 ‡ ‡Foreign/international student 26,400 ‡ ‡ 24,800 12,500 12,600

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 28,000 14,700 6,800 23,900 11,900 11,500Education (any doctoral) 24,100 18,000 ‡ 15,400 10,700 ‡Any other doctoral 29,500 26,600 ‡ 15,300 8,600 6,600


Humanities 25,200 18,000 ‡ 21,500 9,200 ‡Social/behavioral sciences 28,800 23,200 ‡ 19,700 10,600 ‡Life and physical sciences 28,000 15,400 ‡ 23,800 12,800 ‡Engineering/computer science/mathematics 29,100 16,800 ‡ 25,400 11,000 10,400Education 24,000 17,800 ‡ 15,600 9,700 ‡Business/management 22,600 ‡ ‡ 22,200 ‡ ‡Other/undeclared 29,500 24,000 5,500 ! 20,200 9,300 9,500


Total 35,500 30,900 4,900 9,400 9,600 5,100 Gender

Male 35,900 31,600 5,000 9,500 10,400 5,800Female 35,100 30,200 4,900 9,200 8,900 4,500

Race/ethnicity4

White 35,400 30,700 5,300 9,700 9,300 5,300Black 36,400 32,400 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Hispanic 36,200 29,800 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Asian 34,600 31,100 ‡ 8,800 9,900 ‡Two or more races 36,200 29,600 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Other ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡





Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 $32,800 $29,500 $4,600 $8,500 $7,300 ‡25–29 37,500 31,800 5,000 9,900 10,800 ‡30–34 38,400 33,000 ‡ 11,800 10,700 ‡35–39 36,600 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡40 or older 34,000 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Marital status

Married 34,000 29,200 ‡ 9,900 10,100 ‡Not married or separated 35,900 31,300 4,900 9,200 9,500 4,400


Lowest 25 percent 36,100 31,300 4,600 9,100 9,400 ‡Lower middle 25 percent 34,800 30,600 ‡ 9,200 10,900 ‡Upper middle 25 percent 35,800 30,900 ‡ 10,700 8,300 ‡Highest 25 percent 30,800 26,200 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 35,500 30,700 5,000 9,200 9,100 5,100Resident alien 39,900 36,100 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Foreign/international student ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 37,400 34,000 3,400 7,700 11,000 ‡Other health science 33,200 28,800 ‡ 7,800 9,100 ‡Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 36,600 31,100 ‡ 10,700 9,600 5,100Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 20,400 ‡ ‡ 8,100 ‡ ‡






4 Black includes African American, Hispanic includes Latino, and Pacific Islander includes Native Hawaiian. “Other” includes American Indian, Alaska Native, two or more races, and respondents having origins in a race not listed.

NOTE: Average aid amounts include only full-time/full-year graduate and first-professional students who received aid from that particular source. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.

5 The income range for the lowest 25 percent is $13,170 or less; $13,171–37,425 for the lower middle 25 percent; $37,426–71,559 for the upper middle 25 percent; and $71,560 or more for the highest 25 percent.6 Students’ majors do not always match the degree program they are pursuing; for example, M.B.A. students sometimes report a major other than business or management.




Total $310 $280 $520 $420 $320 $800 Full-time/full-year master’s students

Total 500 450 990 600 460 1,070 Gender

Male 690 870 † 820 810 1,060Female 640 550 1,050 660 510 1,630

Race/ethnicity

White 600 570 970 650 540 910Black 1,870 1,000 † 1,710 1,660 3,840Hispanic 1,700 1,870 † 1,740 1,090 †Asian 1,130 1,640 † 1,090 1,770 †Two or more races 2,890 † † † † †Other † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 700 710 1,180 820 620 1,00025–29 780 920 † 760 610 1,45030–34 1,300 1,230 † 1,560 920 1,19035–39 1,840 1,520 † 2,390 1,220 1,67040 or older 2,270 1,290 † 1,510 2,150 2,940

Marital status

Married 740 840 † 930 990 1,040Not married or separated 580 540 860 670 430 1,480


Lowest 25 percent 610 720 1,140 710 750 800Lower middle 25 percent 1,050 910 † 1,130 620 1,250Upper middle 25 percent 1,240 960 † 1,220 1,070 1,540Highest 25 percent 1,900 1,200 † 1,810 1,550 2,250

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 580 460 1,040 660 490 1,160Resident alien 1,610 1,870 † 1,500 † †Foreign/international student 900 † † 960 1,420 †


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.4-B.—Standard errors for table 2.4-B: Average amount of financial aid received by Table S2.4-B.—full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received aid from Table S2.4-B.—specific sources by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table S2.4-B.—characteristics: 2007–08



Master’s degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 1,280 1,350 † 1,110 930 1,730Education (any master’s) 900 740 1,180 1,150 840 830M.A. except in education 890 1,210 † 1,230 1,350 †M.S. except in education 1,230 850 † 1,120 1,410 2,930Any other master’s 1,010 1,070 † 940 740 1,150

Graduate field of studyHumanities 1,230 1,060 † 1,210 1,390 †Social/behavioral sciences 1,390 1,620 † 1,090 2,010 †Life and physical sciences 2,070 2,020 † 2,470 † †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1,460 2,580 † 1,640 1,150 †Education 990 730 † 1,260 830 730Business/management 1,130 1,150 † 940 880 1,490Health 1,630 750 † 1,090 2,200 3,720Other/undeclared 1,150 770 † 1,240 1,330 †


Total 560 840 1,070 500 470 640 Gender

Male 860 990 1,980 710 740 990Female 780 1,040 610 730 640 770

Race/ethnicityWhite 640 810 990 570 520 830Black 1,820 3,740 † 2,240 1,750 †Hispanic 3,770 1,650 † 2,350 † †Asian 830 2,220 † 840 970 1,150Two or more races 3,250 3,430 † 2,290 † †Other † † † † † †

Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 1,390 1,460 † 1,280 1,350 1,11025–29 650 1,860 1,780 620 720 1,03030–34 850 1,120 † 860 900 1,26035–39 1,050 1,250 † 1,210 † †40 or older 2,220 3,240 † 1,070 1,020 †

Marital status

Married 950 1,410 † 700 840 1,030Not married or separated 590 980 810 580 560 780


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.4-B.—Standard errors for table 2.4-B: Average amount of financial aid received by Table S2.4-B.—full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received aid from Table S2.4-B.—specific sources by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table S2.4-B.—characteristics: 2007–08—continued



Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 1,120 1,170 1,850 1,200 1,170 1,210Lower middle 25 percent 610 870 † 570 650 1,110Upper middle 25 percent 1,220 1,430 † 1,150 780 1,660Highest 25 percent 1,610 2,940 † 1,070 1,070 1,170

Citizenship

U.S. citizen 670 840 1,150 660 520 760Resident alien 1,720 † † 1,840 † †Foreign/international student 830 † † 810 1,320 1,380

Doctoral degree programPh.D. except in education 690 1,130 1,610 560 710 820Education (any doctoral) 1,700 760 † 1,640 1,390 †Any other doctoral 880 1,350 † 1,010 840 1,410

Graduate field of studyHumanities 1,550 4,450 † 1,140 1,560 †Social/behavioral sciences 1,100 1,970 † 1,070 980 †Life and physical sciences 1,010 1,750 † 880 1,860 †Engineering/computer science/mathematics 1,430 2,770 † 960 1,350 1,470Education 1,890 870 † 1,790 890 †Business/management 3,560 † † 2,760 † †Other/undeclared 890 1,240 1,800 940 910 1,070


Total 630 560 570 450 520 760 Gender

Male 900 820 880 580 970 1,440Female 750 680 760 680 660 560

Race/ethnicityWhite 750 640 700 560 570 890Black 2,240 1,730 † † † †Hispanic 2,200 1,710 † † † †Asian 1,590 1,480 † 1,200 2,280 †Two or more races 3,610 3,130 † † † †Other † † † † † †


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.4-B.—Standard errors for table 2.4-B: Average amount of financial aid received by Table S2.4-B.—full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received aid from Table S2.4-B.—specific sources by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table S2.4-B.—characteristics: 2007–08—continued



Age as of 12/31/07

Younger than 25 850 730 740 530 600 †25–29 920 860 890 740 800 †30–34 2,000 1,660 † 2,730 2,260 †35–39 4,110 † † † † †40 or older 2,630 † † † † †

Marital status

Married 1,430 1,330 † 1,170 1,480 †Not married or separated 610 590 650 480 520 540

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s)Lowest 25 percent 690 630 610 540 550 †Lower middle 25 percent 1,080 1,010 † 890 1,400 †Upper middle 25 percent 1,890 1,810 † 1,750 1,210 †Highest 25 percent 2,120 1,460 † † † †

CitizenshipU.S. citizen 630 560 590 480 530 760Resident alien 3,360 3,160 † † † †Foreign/international student † † † † † †


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,450 1,270 500 1,150 2,100 †Other health science 1,180 1,190 † 1,060 1,090 †Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 880 670 † 700 660 1,070Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,830 † † 1,260 † †


Table S2.4-B.—Standard errors for table 2.4-B: Average amount of financial aid received by Table S2.4-B.—full-time/full year graduate and first-professional students who received aid from Table S2.4-B.—specific sources by source of aid, graduate level, and selected student and enrollment Table S2.4-B.—characteristics: 2007–08—continued


Degree program andStafford maximum borrowed

Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid

All students

Total 14.1 $7,900 3.7 $5,800 10.7 $8,400 Master's degree program

Business administration (M.B.A.) 17.0 7,900 1.5 ‡ 15.7 7,700Education (any master’s) 14.4 6,400 2.9 3,800 11.9 6,800M.A. except in education 11.3 6,400 2.4 ‡ 9.1 6,100M.S. except in education 12.5 9,300 2.9 6,400 9.7 10,200Any other master’s 13.9 8,600 4.4 5,100 10.0 9,600


Ph.D. except in education 9.7 9,800 7.2 9,300 2.5 11,400Education (any doctoral) 16.2 7,300 2.3 ‡ 14.0 7,800Any other doctoral 20.0 8,600 6.2 4,500 14.4 ! 10,100


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 14.0 9,900 5.8 ‡ 8.7 10,700Other health science 23.9 8,500 10.3 3,000 14.5 11,900Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 23.5 9,800 5.3 4,300 19.7 10,600Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 35.2 6,700 25.9 ‡ 10.9 ! ‡

Stafford total maximumNo Stafford 9.2 8,100 3.6 6,400 5.7 8,900Less than maximum total 21.8 6,900 3.6 4,500 18.5 7,300Maximum total 21.7 9,300 4.1 5,600 18.6 9,600


Table 2.5.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with private grants and loans and, Table 2.5.—among those who received each type of aid, average amount received by degree program Table 2.5.—and Stafford maximum borrowed: 2007–08


Total privategrants and loans Private grants Private loans


Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid


Total 20.2 $10,200 6.2 $7,200 14.7 $11,100 Master's degree program

Business administration (M.B.A.) 26.8 9,900 2.6 ! ‡ 24.5 9,700Education (any master’s) 25.0 9,600 5.3 ‡ 20.7 10,300M.A. except in education 12.9 8,200 ‡ ‡ 12.0 7,400M.S. except in education 19.2 12,100 5.9 7,200 13.6 13,900Any other master’s 19.9 11,400 6.0 7,800 14.5 12,400


Ph.D. except in education 11.5 11,000 9.0 10,300 2.5 13,600Education (any doctoral) 27.1 ‡ 3.3 ! ‡ 24.3 ‡Any other doctoral 24.7 8,900 7.2 4,900 18.1 ! 10,100


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 14.5 10,300 5.6 ‡ 9.4 10,600Other health science 25.0 8,600 11.6 3,100 14.3 12,500Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 25.0 10,200 6.4 4,400 20.4 11,100Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 35.4 ‡ 30.0 ‡ 8.8 ! ‡

Stafford total maximumNo Stafford 12.8 12,400 6.8 8,900 6.3 15,700Less than maximum total 27.6 8,700 6.3 5,200 21.7 9,500Maximum total 25.1 10,000 5.0 5,800 21.2 10,400



NOTE: Average aid amounts include only graduate and first-professional students who received that particular type of aid. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.5.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with private grants and loans and, Table 2.5.—among those who received each type of aid, average amount received by degree program Table 2.5.—and Stafford maximum borrowed: 2007–08—Continued


Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid

All students

Total 0.56 $240 0.20 $360 0.53 $280 Master's degree program

Business administration (M.B.A.) 3.52 760 0.34 † 3.55 770Education (any master’s) 1.47 480 0.44 520 1.48 530M.A. except in education 1.75 690 0.48 † 1.80 740M.S. except in education 1.02 770 0.51 990 0.96 860Any other master’s 1.41 680 0.67 840 1.33 760


Ph.D. except in education 1.10 800 1.07 1,070 0.40 1,610Education (any doctoral) 2.91 1,150 0.54 † 2.90 1,320Any other doctoral 4.55 870 1.32 810 4.56 800


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.08 1,010 1.33 † 1.53 1,250Other health science 2.50 1,010 1.79 650 2.26 1,630Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.42 620 1.03 790 1.40 570Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 6.75 1,660 6.98 † 3.95 †

Stafford total maximumNo Stafford 0.54 390 0.25 520 0.47 550Less than maximum total 2.03 320 0.36 470 1.99 380Maximum total 1.82 400 0.51 690 1.75 410


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.5.—Standard errors for table 2.5: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with Table S2.5.—private grants and loans and, among those who received each type of aid, average amount Table S2.5.—received by degree program and Stafford maximum borrowed: 2007–08



Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid

Percentreceived

Averageaid


Total 1.03 $310 0.44 $530 1.04 $390 Master's degree program

Business administration (M.B.A.) 5.94 1,100 0.87 † 5.93 1,150Education (any master’s) 5.84 880 1.32 † 5.93 830M.A. except in education 3.40 1,310 † † 3.34 1,210M.S. except in education 2.53 1,420 1.43 1,430 2.37 1,590Any other master’s 2.45 880 1.17 1,370 2.23 1,030


Ph.D. except in education 1.82 1,000 1.79 1,250 0.48 2,290Education (any doctoral) 6.59 † 1.00 † 6.84 †Any other doctoral 7.09 960 1.68 1,150 7.26 990


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.31 1,030 1.46 † 1.74 1,280Other health science 2.77 1,040 2.06 660 2.35 1,930Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.62 750 1.31 850 1.59 710Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 9.19 † 8.99 † 4.02 †

Stafford total maximumNo Stafford 1.11 760 0.71 830 0.97 1,360Less than maximum total 3.18 500 0.85 660 3.09 600Maximum total 2.43 390 0.72 780 2.38 400


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.5.—Standard errors for table 2.5: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students with Table S2.5.—private grants and loans and, among those who received each type of aid, average amount Table S2.5.—received by degree program and Stafford maximum borrowed: 2007–08—Continued



Federalaid only

Institutionalaid only1

Outsidesources

only2

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation3

All students







Business administration (M.B.A.) 19.3 16.1 6.0 28.5 23.3 6.7Education (any master’s) 34.4 23.1 5.3 17.2 14.7 5.4M.A. except in education 24.0 22.6 10.6 14.4 19.9 8.6M.S. except in education 25.5 13.5 16.2 21.1 14.3 9.4Any other master’s 23.0 21.6 9.7 18.9 17.7 9.0


Ph.D. except in education 9.1 4.7 52.0 4.8 14.2 15.2Education (any doctoral) 26.4 14.4 15.0 14.4 16.7 13.2Any other doctoral 18.8 18.8 18.3 7.9 26.3 9.9


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 16.0 35.8 3.6 ! 2.0 ! 33.9 8.6Other health science 10.2 32.5 4.1 4.1 ! 33.5 15.6Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 11.0 29.1 4.2 3.1 39.2 13.4Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 17.3 12.9 ! 10.5 ! 21.3 14.7 ! 23.2 !

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 13.0 20.9 18.8 6.4 28.5 12.3Full-time/part-year 28.0 16.8 18.1 14.4 14.2 8.5Part-time/full-year 25.9 21.4 9.0 20.4 15.5 7.8Part-time/part-year 43.2 11.3 6.3 26.8 8.1 4.3


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.6.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by source of aid, Table 2.6.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Federalaid only


Outsidesources

only2

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation3



Public 13.7 19.8 23.3 6.4 22.3 14.5Non-doctorate-granting 23.1 37.2 13.2 ! 3.9 14.0 8.6 !Doctorate-granting 12.3 17.2 24.9 6.7 23.6 15.4

Private nonprofit 18.1 22.9 10.8 8.8 28.2 11.2Non-doctorate-granting 13.3 37.2 4.8 ! 6.1 28.7 9.8Doctorate-granting 19.3 19.1 12.4 9.6 28.1 11.6


First-professional degree/institution type 11.9 31.1 3.7 2.3 37.4 13.7Public 12.0 32.9 3.4 2.7 ! 37.4 11.5Private nonprofit 11.8 29.6 4.0 1.9 37.4 15.3


Business administration (M.B.A.) 16.7 17.1 8.9 14.9 34.9 7.5Education (any master’s) 16.7 26.0 8.0 10.3 30.2 8.8M.A. except in education 11.9 27.2 17.4 3.3 ! 28.7 11.5M.S. except in education 16.3 13.9 23.9 7.8 25.4 12.7Any other master’s 13.2 26.6 13.0 7.9 25.7 13.6


Ph.D. except in education 5.5 3.8 56.2 2.7 15.7 16.2Education (any doctoral) 10.2 ! 13.6 26.8 8.6 ! 20.9 20.0 !Any other doctoral 9.8 25.4 16.6 4.3 ! 32.7 11.2


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 16.1 35.6 2.6 ! 2.3 ! 35.4 8.0Other health science 8.3 34.4 2.8 2.0 36.5 16.0Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 11.2 28.3 4.4 2.3 ! 39.7 14.2Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 13.3 ! 14.6 ! ‡ ‡ 24.2 35.1


3 Other combinations might include state aid or employer aid, for example.


2 Outside sources include grants from private sources and employers, alternative private or commercial loans, and federal veterans’ benefits and military tuition aid.


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.6.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by source of aid,Table 2.6.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Federalaid only

Institutionalaid only

Outsidesources

only

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation

All students











Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.18 3.80 1.18 0.88 2.90 1.80Other health science 2.16 3.27 1.17 1.26 3.16 2.15Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.46 1.83 0.78 0.70 1.97 1.62Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 3.91 4.83 3.58 5.68 4.45 7.03

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 0.65 1.26 0.85 0.51 1.22 0.67Full-time/part-year 2.41 2.94 1.68 1.89 3.02 1.25Part-time/full-year 1.18 0.90 0.54 0.82 0.74 0.62Part-time/part-year 1.65 0.91 0.57 1.45 0.82 0.58


Table S2.6.—Standard errors for table 2.6: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S2.6.—students by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S2.6.—characteristics: 2007–08



Federalaid only


Outsidesources

only

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation












Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.40 4.03 0.98 0.99 3.22 1.95Other health science 2.26 3.38 0.83 0.53 3.28 2.48Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.69 2.11 0.88 0.72 2.32 1.87Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 4.63 6.32 † † 6.94 8.98


Table S2.6.—Standard errors for table 2.6: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S2.6.—students by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S2.6.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics Total aid

Federalaid only


Outsidesources

only2

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation3

All students


Public 12,900 13,900 13,200 4,800 20,300 18,600Non-doctorate-granting 9,100 11,700 6,700 4,000 15,500 10,000Doctorate-granting 13,800 14,800 14,100 5,000 21,300 19,700

Private nonprofit 15,400 16,400 10,500 6,700 24,400 21,500Non-doctorate-granting 12,800 15,000 6,300 5,100 18,900 15,100Doctorate-granting 16,400 17,100 11,500 7,200 26,300 23,400

Doctoral degree/institution type 23,800 23,800 21,100 7,600 30,500 30,900Public 22,200 19,700 20,100 6,200 29,100 29,200Private nonprofit 25,900 25,100 23,000 7,900 34,100 34,500

First-professional degree/institution type 33,200 32,000 10,800 8,500 38,300 37,300Public 29,000 27,100 ‡ ‡ 33,500 34,100Private nonprofit 36,200 36,000 9,900 8,100 41,800 39,100


Business administration (M.B.A.) 14,500 16,900 11,300 7,300 20,600 21,900Education (any master’s) 11,800 13,100 7,700 4,300 19,000 14,200M.A. except in education 15,500 15,300 12,400 5,700 22,700 19,400M.S. except in education 15,400 16,300 15,400 6,200 24,800 20,700Any other master’s 16,200 16,600 11,100 5,900 25,500 24,000


Ph.D. except in education 24,400 19,100 21,900 8,300 31,000 33,700Education (any doctoral) 17,400 18,200 15,900 6,300 23,100 22,800Any other doctoral 25,500 29,000 18,300 7,800 32,700 27,300


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 35,900 34,300 ‡ ‡ 40,900 44,100Other health science 31,600 31,400 ‡ ‡ 34,300 33,200Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 34,600 31,600 11,400 ‡ 39,400 40,100Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 14,500 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 26,300 24,500 19,900 11,600 32,200 33,600Full-time/part-year 13,400 13,400 13,400 7,000 16,900 18,600Part-time/full-year 14,100 16,100 13,100 5,600 21,600 17,100Part-time/part-year 7,500 10,200 8,300 3,600 13,800 11,100


National Center for Education StatisticsTable 2.7.—Average amount of aid received by graduate and first-professional students by source of aid, Table 2.7.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Federalaid only


Outsidesources

only2

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation3



Public 20,700 17,900 16,200 15,000 25,700 26,700Non-doctorate-granting 14,400 14,500 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡Doctorate-granting 21,600 19,000 16,700 15,700 26,400 27,500

Private nonprofit 24,700 22,200 14,300 12,000 31,900 31,400Non-doctorate-granting 20,300 17,800 ‡ ‡ 26,500 23,400Doctorate-granting 25,900 24,400 14,800 12,600 33,400 33,200

Doctoral degree/institution type 28,200 28,000 23,700 12,500 33,500 37,500Public 26,400 23,400 22,300 ‡ 31,700 36,600Private nonprofit 30,100 29,700 25,600 10,600 36,700 38,700

First-professional degree/institution type 35,500 33,400 11,400 ‡ 40,000 38,900Public 30,700 28,000 ‡ ‡ 34,500 35,100Private nonprofit 39,300 38,000 9,300 ‡ 44,200 41,100


Business administration (M.B.A.) 21,300 23,200 10,500 11,200 25,500 30,400Education (any master’s) 18,700 14,600 11,700 7,500 26,000 25,200M.A. except in education 22,900 20,200 17,800 ‡ 28,500 25,800M.S. except in education 23,600 22,200 18,000 14,100 30,100 28,800Any other master’s 23,600 19,200 14,900 14,700 31,200 31,300


Ph.D. except in education 28,000 21,500 24,300 14,400 33,100 39,500Education (any doctoral) 24,100 ‡ 18,800 ‡ 29,600 ‡Any other doctoral 29,500 31,300 20,100 ‡ 34,600 32,700


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 37,400 35,500 ‡ ‡ 41,800 45,300Other health science 33,200 31,200 ‡ ‡ 35,600 33,800Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 36,600 33,500 ‡ ‡ 41,500 41,900Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 20,400 ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

‡ Reporting standards not met.1 A large proportion of institutional aid comes from federal research funds.

3 Other combinations might include state aid or employer aid, for example.


NOTE: Each column contains only graduate and first-professional students who received aid from that particular source. Unless specifically excluded, totals include students in graduate programs other than master’s, doctoral, and first-professional, and students in for-profit institutions. Estimates include students enrolled in Title IV eligible postsecondary institutions in the 50 states, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico.


2 Outside sources include grants from private sources and employers, alternative private or commercial loans, and federal veterans’ benefits and military tuition aid.

Table 2.7.—Average amount of aid received by graduate and first-professional students by source of aid, Table 2.7.—graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Federalaid only


Outsidesources

only

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation

All students

Total $260 $300 $380 $230 $570 $770 Master’s degree/institution type 240 310 610 250 690 720

Public 320 410 680 280 690 1,280Non-doctorate-granting 550 830 1,620 390 850 2,450Doctorate-granting 400 510 730 350 770 1,430

Private nonprofit 340 410 850 290 680 1,170Non-doctorate-granting 400 500 1,100 360 930 1,960Doctorate-granting 430 590 980 370 900 1,360

Doctoral degree/institution type 450 1,330 620 770 750 1,380Public 560 1,330 490 1,000 870 1,970Private nonprofit 740 1,530 1,100 840 1,020 2,020

First-professional degree/institution type 670 940 1,760 1,250 890 1,300Public 790 1,120 † † 1,190 2,350Private nonprofit 1,130 1,410 1,790 1,840 1,190 1,640


Business administration (M.B.A.) 580 940 1,270 610 1,700 1,630Education (any master’s) 370 400 1,030 260 890 1,530M.A. except in education 630 870 1,450 720 1,070 1,830M.S. except in education 600 860 1,090 430 1,690 1,380Any other master’s 470 910 930 550 1,040 1,680


Ph.D. except in education 590 2,640 720 1,100 1,000 1,630Education (any doctoral) 960 700 1,600 1,250 1,850 3,020Any other doctoral 910 1,810 1,020 980 1,000 2,400


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,470 2,490 † † 1,560 2,870Other health science 1,130 1,750 † † 2,030 2,650Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 930 880 1,860 † 1,160 1,870Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,260 † † † † †

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 310 720 460 710 620 970Full-time/part-year 480 660 810 970 1,800 1,860Part-time/full-year 250 300 720 230 610 880Part-time/part-year 320 400 830 170 800 1,010


Table S2.7.—Standard errors for table 2.7: Average amount of aid received by graduate and Table S2.7.—first-professional students by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and selected Table S2.7.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Federalaid only


Outsidesources

only

Federaland one

othersource

Othercombi-nation


Total $310 $720 $460 $710 $620 $970 Master’s degree/institution type 500 900 900 880 920 1,110

Public 700 880 1,100 1,620 1,060 1,890Non-doctorate-granting 950 1,400 † † † †Doctorate-granting 780 1,050 1,160 1,750 1,120 2,050

Private nonprofit 620 1,170 1,280 1,090 1,020 1,290Non-doctorate-granting 880 1,110 † † 1,320 2,770Doctorate-granting 760 1,680 1,380 1,280 1,250 1,520

Doctoral degree/institution type 560 1,790 640 1,800 780 1,560Public 840 2,140 590 † 970 2,890Private nonprofit 770 1,960 1,120 1,790 1,220 1,810

First-professional degree/institution type 630 930 2,020 † 900 1,300Public 850 1,190 † † 1,270 2,290Private nonprofit 870 1,290 1,430 † 1,060 1,550


Business administration (M.B.A.) 1,280 1,840 2,150 1,700 2,460 2,430Education (any master’s) 900 1,330 2,180 1,680 1,060 3,050M.A. except in education 890 2,190 2,430 † 1,610 2,480M.S. except in education 1,230 1,950 1,660 1,910 2,130 2,360Any other master’s 1,010 2,080 1,490 1,470 1,050 2,380


Ph.D. except in education 690 4,750 700 2,780 1,070 1,990Education (any doctoral) 1,700 † 2,810 † 1,510 †Any other doctoral 880 2,070 1,370 † 1,410 1,990


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1,450 2,370 † † 1,590 2,770Other health science 1,180 1,860 † † 2,140 2,400Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 880 1,010 † † 1,100 2,040Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 2,830 † † † † †


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.7.—Standard errors for table 2.7: Average amount of aid received by graduate and Table S2.7.—first-professional students by source of aid, graduate level, institution type, and selected Table S2.7.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Federal aid as a percent

of total aid amounts 1

Institutional grant as a percent



of total aid amounts



All students















All aided studentsStudents with federal aidand/or institutional grants

Table 2.8.—Average federal aid and institutional grant amounts as percentages of total aid amounts Table 2.8.—for graduate and first-professional students who received aid from each source by graduate Table 2.8.—level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08












Public 44.5 18.2 77.9 44.2Non-doctorate-granting 63.8 5.3 ! 89.7 ‡Doctorate-granting 42.0 19.8 75.9 44.6









Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 82.0 5.0 87.3 24.9Other health science 80.4 6.4 86.0 23.3Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 73.1 11.3 80.8 32.5Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 47.2 29.9 ‡ ‡

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 For all aided students, including those with no federal aid.2 For all aided students, including those with no institutional grants. A large proportion of institutional aid comes from federal research funds.





Table 2.8.—Average federal aid and institutional grant amounts as percentages of total aid amounts Table 2.8.—for graduate and first-professional students who received aid from each source by graduate Table 2.8.—level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued










All students
















Table S2.8.—Standard errors for table 2.8: Average federal aid and institutional grant amounts as Table S2.8.—percentages of total aid amounts for graduate and first-professional students who Table S2.8.—received aid from each source by graduate level, institution type, and selected Table S2.8.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08












Public 1.82 1.36 1.60 2.24Non-doctorate-granting 6.69 1.87 3.35 †Doctorate-granting 1.95 1.55 1.82 2.38









Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 1.85 1.33 1.14 5.10Other health science 1.77 0.87 1.36 2.32Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.56 1.07 1.08 2.69Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 6.74 6.74 † †


National Center for Education StatisticsTable S2.8.—Standard errors for table 2.8: Average federal aid and institutional grant amounts as Table S2.8.—percentages of total aid amounts for graduate and first-professional students who Table S2.8.—received aid from each source by graduate level, institution type, and selected Table S2.8.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



1–34hours

35 hoursor more

All students









Ph.D. except in education 94.4 33.2 5.6 51.4 43.1Education (any doctoral) 95.6 43.2 4.4 ! 21.5 74.1Any other doctoral 85.6 32.5 14.4 44.1 41.6


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 40.0 23.8 60.0 29.3 10.8Other health science 65.0 22.2 35.0 48.9 16.1Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 65.8 24.6 34.2 47.0 18.9Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 90.2 36.6 9.8 ! 38.8 51.4

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 78.2 30.4 21.8 44.4 33.8Full-time/part-year 81.5 36.6 18.5 30.1 51.4Part-time/full-year 93.7 39.3 6.3 23.7 69.9Part-time/part-year 93.6 40.6 6.4 17.9 75.7


Table 3.1.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who worked while enrolled and, Table 3.1.—among those who worked, average hours worked per week and percentage distribution of Table 3.1.—hours worked per week by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table 3.1.—characteristics: 2007–08

Averagehours

workedper week2

Percent whoworked

whileenrolled1


Average hoursworked per week

Did notwork


1–34hours

35 hoursor more








Business administration (M.B.A.) 79.4 38.8 20.6 20.8 58.6Education (any master’s) 85.8 34.0 14.2 ! 37.2 48.6M.A. except in education 84.1 29.6 15.9 48.5 35.6M.S. except in education 81.6 29.8 18.4 48.2 33.3Any other master’s 74.6 28.2 25.4 47.1 27.5


Ph.D. except in education 93.6 31.6 6.4 55.9 37.6Education (any doctoral) 95.8 38.3 4.2 ! 34.6 61.2Any other doctoral 82.5 28.8 17.5 53.3 29.2


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 37.2 22.9 62.8 27.8 9.3Other health science 63.4 20.4 36.6 51.8 11.6Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 62.7 21.7 37.3 50.2 12.5Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 86.2 32.7 13.8 ! 51.1 35.0

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).1 Includes assistantships, traineeships, and work-study.2 For those who worked.




Percent whoworked

whileenrolled1

Averagehours

workedper week2

Table 3.1.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who worked while enrolled and, Table 3.1.—among those who worked, average hours worked per week and percentage distribution of Table 3.1.—hours worked per week by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table 3.1.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

Did notwork



1–34hours

35 hoursor more

All students














Did notwork


Table S3.1.—Standard errors for table 3.1: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S3.1.—who worked while enrolled and, among those who worked, average hours worked Table S3.1.—per week and percentage distribution of hours worked per week by graduate level, Table S3.1.—institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Percent whoworked

whileenrolled

Averagehours

workedper week


1–34hours

35 hoursor more















Percent whoworked

whileenrolled

Averagehours

workedper week

Table S3.1.—Standard errors for table 3.1: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students Table S3.1.—who worked while enrolled and, among those who worked, average hours worked Table S3.1.—per week and percentage distribution of hours worked per week by graduate level, Table S3.1.—institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued

Did notwork




Everyweek

Mostweeks

About halfof weeks

Less than halfof weeks

All employed students1


Public 69.9 18.1 5.0 7.0Non-doctorate-granting 72.6 18.1 5.3 ! 4.0Doctorate-granting 68.9 18.2 5.0 7.9





Business administration (M.B.A.) 80.9 7.4 3.3 ! 8.4Education (any master’s) 67.3 24.7 3.4 4.6M.A. except in education 69.0 16.2 6.1 8.7M.S. except in education 71.7 14.8 5.8 7.6Any other master’s 69.6 18.1 4.3 8.1


Ph.D. except in education 60.3 19.6 7.0 13.1Education (any doctoral) 72.7 20.6 2.3 ! 4.4Any other doctoral 64.8 19.2 8.4 7.7


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 29.5 22.2 9.9 ! 38.4Other health science 39.9 24.9 11.4 23.8Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 49.4 21.9 11.7 16.9Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 75.4 14.0 ! ‡ ‡



Weeks employed while enrolled

Table 3.2.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students who worked while Table 3.2.—enrolled by weeks employed while enrolled, graduate level, institution type, and selected Table 3.2.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Everyweek

Mostweeks

About halfof weeks


Full-time/full-year employed students1


Public 56.5 19.9 10.6 13.1Non-doctorate-granting 67.5 13.5 9.7 ! 9.3 !Doctorate-granting 54.3 21.1 10.8 13.8

Private nonprofit 60.6 22.6 6.3 10.5Non-doctorate-granting 66.1 21.3 4.3 ! 8.3Doctorate-granting 58.7 23.1 7.0 11.3




Business administration (M.B.A.) 67.5 11.3 4.5 ! 16.6 !Education (any master’s) 67.5 19.3 7.0 6.2M.A. except in education 57.4 16.5 10.6 ! 15.5M.S. except in education 65.3 17.6 10.3 6.8Any other master’s 52.6 26.3 6.5 14.5


Ph.D. except in education 53.2 18.5 8.4 19.9Education (any doctoral) 65.3 19.7 6.8 ! 8.1Any other doctoral 58.5 20.5 11.1 9.9


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 22.2 25.6 10.8 ! 41.4Other health science 34.6 27.2 13.1 25.1Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 40.0 26.7 13.2 20.1Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡




Table 3.2.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students who worked while Table 3.2.—enrolled by weeks employed while enrolled, graduate level, institution type, and selected Table 3.2.—enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



1 Students with assistantships, traineeships, and work-study jobs were not asked this question and therefore are not included in this table. Excluding these types of employment, 74 percent of all students and 52 percent of full-time/full-year students were employed (NPSAS:08 Data Analysis System).


Everyweek

Mostweeks

About halfof weeks


All employed students











Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 5.80 5.83 4.00 7.66Other health science 3.83 3.70 2.78 3.71Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 3.02 2.21 1.98 1.91Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 6.42 4.47 † †





Table S3.2.—Standard errors for table 3.2: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S3.2.—students who worked while enrolled by weeks employed while enrolled, graduate level, Table S3.2.—institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Everyweek

Mostweeks

About halfof weeks


Full-time/full-year employed students











Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 5.51 7.05 4.95 8.42Other health science 4.19 3.91 3.22 4.21Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 3.52 2.94 2.17 2.65Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) † † † †



Table S3.2.—Standard errors for table 3.2: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S3.2.—students who worked while enrolled by weeks employed while enrolled, graduate level, Table S3.2.—institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



Table 4.1.—Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics

Student working to meet expenses

Employee enrolledin school Did not work

All students1

Total 39.7 47.4 12.9 Master’s degree/institution type 34.7 54.0 11.3

Public 40.3 49.9 9.8Non-doctorate-granting 34.3 56.7 8.9Doctorate-granting 42.0 47.9 10.1

Private nonprofit 33.3 56.1 10.6Non-doctorate-granting 31.3 62.0 6.7Doctorate-granting 34.0 54.0 12.0

Doctoral degree/institution type 67.0 25.3 7.7Public 71.0 21.7 7.3Private nonprofit 66.1 24.9 9.0

First-professional degree/institution type 52.3 8.6 39.1Public 52.3 5.3 42.4Private nonprofit 52.3 11.1 36.7


Business administration (M.B.A.) 20.2 65.9 13.9Education (any master’s) 28.3 64.5 7.2M.A. except in education 46.5 41.7 11.8M.S. except in education 45.1 42.5 12.4Any other master’s 41.1 45.0 13.9


Ph.D. except in education 80.2 14.2 5.6Education (any doctoral) 27.8 67.8 4.4 !Any other doctoral 59.4 26.3 14.4


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 37.2 2.8 ! 60.0Other health science 59.8 5.2 ! 35.0Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 56.1 9.7 34.2Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 53.8 36.4 9.8 !

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 59.2 19.0 21.8Full-time/part-year 41.7 39.8 18.5Part-time/full-year 32.5 61.2 6.3Part-time/part-year 21.9 71.7 6.4


Table 3.3.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by primary role, graduate Table 3.3.—level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08





Full-time/full-year students1


Public 67.1 16.4 16.5Non-doctorate-granting 58.3 22.7 ! 19.1Doctorate-granting 68.4 15.5 16.1



First-professional degree/institution type 53.3 3.7 43.0Public 52.7 1.9 ! 45.4Private nonprofit 53.8 5.0 41.2


Business administration (M.B.A.) 30.0 49.5 20.6Education (any master’s) 48.6 37.2 14.2 !M.A. except in education 64.5 19.6 15.9M.S. except in education 63.0 18.6 18.4Any other master’s 57.1 17.5 25.4


Ph.D. except in education 86.8 6.7 6.4Education (any doctoral) 47.8 48.0 4.2 !Any other doctoral 72.3 10.2 17.5


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 35.5 1.6 ! 62.8Other health science 60.9 2.4 ! 36.6Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 58.1 4.6 37.3Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 72.1 14.1 ! 13.8 !

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).1 Includes students with assistantships, traineeships, and work-study jobs, who were coded as students working to meet expenses.


Table 3.3.—Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional students by primary role, graduate Table 3.3.—level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued






All students









Ph.D. except in education 1.20 1.20 0.51Education (any doctoral) 2.25 2.82 1.48Any other doctoral 3.58 3.06 1.64


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 3.24 0.94 3.35Other health science 3.21 1.62 3.52Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.02 1.44 1.85Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 5.55 6.11 3.45

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 1.37 1.30 1.13Full-time/part-year 3.20 2.88 3.27Part-time/full-year 0.99 1.05 0.60Part-time/part-year 1.21 1.44 0.73


Table S3.3.—Standard errors for table 3.3: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S3.3.—students by primary role, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S3.3.—characteristics: 2007–08














Ph.D. except in education 1.34 1.22 0.82Education (any doctoral) 5.17 5.36 2.12Any other doctoral 3.88 2.44 2.76


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 3.17 0.70 3.37Other health science 3.39 1.00 3.37Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 2.20 1.03 2.11Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 5.89 4.39 4.84


Table S3.3.—Standard errors for table 3.3: Percentage distribution of graduate and first-professional Table S3.3.—students by primary role, graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S3.3.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Positive Negative None

All employed students who considered themselves primarily students1

Total 30.8 66.3 29.0 33.5 37.5

Master’s degree/institution type 31.2 65.7 30.4 33.3 36.3Public 28.3 65.6 30.5 33.8 35.7

Non-doctorate-granting 22.2 66.8 27.7 44.0 28.4Doctorate-granting 30.1 65.2 31.4 30.7 37.9




Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 26.3 61.8 24.4 40.5 35.1Education (any master’s) 34.3 67.3 33.6 31.3 35.1M.A. except in education 26.6 60.5 26.4 35.4 38.3M.S. except in education 30.3 67.4 31.5 34.5 34.0Any other master’s 33.5 67.1 30.5 29.9 39.6




Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 21.9 ! 54.2 25.1 23.7 51.2Other health science 52.6 84.9 32.6 29.5 37.9Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 33.1 67.8 23.9 39.0 37.0Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 19.4 ! 74.7 15.4 ! 38.6 45.9



Work helps with careerpreparation

Work helps with

courseworkGraduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics

Work’s effect on grades

Table 3.4.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who were employed and considered Table 3.4.—themselves primarily students working to meet expenses who reported various benefits of Table 3.4.—working and percentage distribution of the self-reported effect on their grades by graduate Table 3.4.—level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08



Full-time/full-year students who were employed and considered themselves primarily students1

Total 29.4 65.3 25.0 35.0 39.9

Master’s degree/institution type 29.2 64.9 27.5 34.6 37.9

Public 23.6 60.4 25.9 33.9 40.1Non-doctorate-granting 17.5 ! 68.1 18.8 ! 37.2 44.0Doctorate-granting 24.7 59.0 27.2 33.3 39.4


Doctoral degree/institution type 21.4 60.3 19.8 36.1 44.1

Public 22.5 67.0 23.0 33.0 44.0Private nonprofit 23.5 63.2 23.3 29.1 47.7

First-professional degree/institution type 36.4 70.7 25.4 33.9 40.7





Ph.D. except in education 18.1 69.2 22.2 35.3 42.5Education (any doctoral) 21.2 59.4 22.4 ! 26.0 51.6Any other doctoral 25.1 50.6 16.8 38.4 ! 44.8


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 18.7 ! 48.7 29.1 28.6 42.3Other health science 51.8 83.7 28.9 31.3 39.8Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 34.2 68.5 23.4 36.6 40.0Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Students with assistantships, traineeships, and work-study jobs were not asked these questions in the interview.






Work helps with

coursework

Table 3.4.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who were employed and considered Table 3.4.—themselves primarily students working to meet expenses who reported various benefits of Table 3.4.—working and percentage distribution of the self-reported effect on their grades by graduate Table 3.4.—level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued



All employed students who considered themselves primarily students

Total 1.18 1.16 1.03 1.33 1.17

Master’s degree/institution type 1.50 1.25 1.22 1.39 1.41Public 2.06 1.84 1.88 2.04 2.06

Non-doctorate-granting 3.79 3.99 4.78 5.09 4.02Doctorate-granting 2.19 2.13 2.03 2.05 2.30




Master's degree programBusiness administration (M.B.A.) 3.85 4.53 4.64 5.33 4.32Education (any master’s) 2.90 2.41 2.48 2.58 2.60M.A. except in education 3.15 3.23 3.06 3.37 3.09M.S. except in education 2.65 2.47 2.79 2.81 2.98Any other master’s 3.27 2.69 2.61 2.82 3.09








Work helps with

coursework



Table S3.4.—Standard errors for table 3.4: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S3.4.—were employed and considered themselves primarily students working to meet expenses Table S3.4.—who reported various benefits of working and percentage distribution of the self-reported Table S3.4.—effect on their grades by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S3.4.—characteristics: 2007–08



Full-time/full-year students who were employed and considered themselves primarily students




Doctoral degree/institution type 2.73 5.43 2.72 6.53 5.58


First-professional degree/institution type 2.54 2.37 2.11 2.20 2.20







Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 7.55 7.78 8.57 7.75 8.07Other health science 5.67 3.51 4.19 4.43 5.01Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 3.46 3.05 3.06 3.05 3.22Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) † † † † †




Table S3.4.—Standard errors for table 3.4: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S3.4.—were employed and considered themselves primarily students working to meet expenses Table S3.4.—who reported various benefits of working and percentage distribution of the self-reported Table S3.4.—effect on their grades by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment Table S3.4.—characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Work helps with

coursework


All employed students who considered themselves primarily students1











Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 12.6 ! 25.4 9.3 ! 21.0Other health science 11.4 19.2 11.3 27.1Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 32.4 41.2 33.1 32.4Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 61.2 54.5 51.4 42.4

Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 29.1 34.3 24.1 30.2Full-time/part-year 39.1 44.7 28.1 27.6Part-time/full-year 57.2 54.1 41.8 43.5Part-time/part-year 59.5 59.7 44.7 47.2


Table 3.5.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who were employed and considered Table 3.5.—themselves primarily students working to meet expenses who reported various drawbacks Table 3.5.—of working by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: Table 3.5.—2007–08


Work limits numberof classes

Work limitsclass

schedule

Work restricts choice

of classes

Work limits access

to campus facilities


Full-time/full-year students who were employed and who considered themselves primarily students1







Business administration (M.B.A.) 38.6 42.3 32.5 ! 40.1Education (any master’s) 38.9 43.2 28.4 42.0M.A. except in education 40.8 42.2 30.1 40.2M.S. except in education 35.5 36.3 21.9 36.6Any other master’s 31.6 36.1 28.3 30.2


Ph.D. except in education 23.1 32.2 21.5 25.4Education (any doctoral) 43.4 26.0 29.5 21.7Any other doctoral 16.0 ! 22.5 ! 14.8 ! 13.7 !


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 12.0 ! 21.3 9.2 ! 21.9Other health science 6.9 ! 15.8 6.8 ! 24.7Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 25.9 36.6 30.3 27.0Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) ‡ ‡ ‡ ‡

! Interpret data with caution (estimates are unstable).‡ Reporting standards not met.1 Students with assistantships, traineeships, and work-study jobs were not asked these questions in the interview.


Table 3.5.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who were employed and considered Table 3.5.—themselves primarily students working to meet expenses who reported various drawbacks Table 3.5.—of working by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: Table 3.5.—2007–08—Continued




Work limitsclass

schedule


of classes

Work limits access



All employed students who considered themselves primarily students












Attendance status

Full-time/full-year 1.72 1.67 1.58 1.70Full-time/part-year 4.22 4.50 3.35 2.90Part-time/full-year 2.01 2.06 1.95 2.05Part-time/part-year 3.18 3.25 3.28 3.21




Work limitsclass

schedule


of classes

Work limits access


Table S3.5.—Standard errors for table 3.5: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S3.5.—were employed and considered themselves primarily students working to meet expenses Table S3.5.—who reported various drawbacks of working by graduate level, institution type, and Table S3.5.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08


Full-time/full-year students who were employed and who considered themselves primarily students











Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 5.02 5.87 4.16 6.30Other health science 2.86 3.81 2.66 4.47Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 3.91 3.19 2.93 3.05Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) † † † †




Work limitsclass

schedule


of classes

Work limits access


Table S3.5.—Standard errors for table 3.5: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S3.5.—were employed and considered themselves primarily students working to meet expenses Table S3.5.—who reported various drawbacks of working by graduate level, institution type, and Table S3.5.—selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08—Continued


Total 40.4 87.5 $44,400 Master’s degree/institution type 41.5 87.4 45,100

Public 41.0 89.1 44,000Non-doctorate-granting 42.2 89.4 44,400Doctorate-granting 40.6 89.1 43,900

Private nonprofit 43.3 88.0 47,600Non-doctorate-granting 48.5 89.2 45,500Doctorate-granting 41.4 87.5 48,500

Doctoral degree/institution type 39.8 83.0 43,500Public 41.7 82.5 42,300Private nonprofit 38.0 86.5 45,900

First-professional degree/institution type 23.0 86.4 36,000Public 22.5 84.5 32,200Private nonprofit 23.3 87.6 38,500


Business administration (M.B.A.) 45.2 76.7 41,800Education (any master’s) 47.8 93.4 46,300M.A. except in education 35.9 88.5 50,000M.S. except in education 35.5 85.7 46,600Any other master’s 37.2 88.7 41,700


Ph.D. except in education 36.9 81.6 41,500Education (any doctoral) 59.7 89.5 48,400Any other doctoral 34.8 79.9 43,200


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 17.5 81.2 29,100Other health science 26.9 84.8 39,900Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 20.2 91.1 37,700Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 57.4 80.4 31,700

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 26.2 82.2 39,500Full-time/part-year 41.1 84.1 41,700Part-time/full-year 47.1 88.6 46,400Part-time/part-year 51.0 90.8 46,200

1 If married.2 Refers to 2006 income. Only those whose spouse had an income were included.



Table 3.6.—Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who were married, percentage with a Table 3.6.—spouse who had an income, and among those whose spouse had an income, average Table 3.6.—income of spouse by graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics: Table 3.6.—2007–08

Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics Married

Percent with spousewith income1

Spouse’saverage income2


Total 0.84 0.97 $660 Master’s degree/institution type 1.04 1.39 820

Public 1.45 1.10 1,140Non-doctorate-granting 2.46 2.00 1,820Doctorate-granting 1.53 1.36 1,390

Private nonprofit 0.88 0.90 1,010Non-doctorate-granting 1.85 1.70 1,790Doctorate-granting 0.99 1.04 1,110

Doctoral degree/institution type 1.27 1.22 1,080Public 1.40 1.55 1,480Private nonprofit 1.42 1.64 1,850

First-professional degree/institution type 1.19 1.85 1,690Public 2.01 3.28 2,950Private nonprofit 1.36 2.15 1,840


Business administration (M.B.A.) 3.39 5.32 1,500Education (any master’s) 1.83 0.90 1,300M.A. except in education 2.45 2.17 2,630M.S. except in education 1.89 1.66 2,060Any other master’s 1.91 1.85 1,610


Ph.D. except in education 1.26 1.59 1,390Education (any doctoral) 2.61 1.91 2,480Any other doctoral 3.11 3.75 2,780


Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) 2.12 4.94 3,730Other health science 3.23 4.93 4,180Law (LL.B. or J.D.) 1.51 2.17 2,490Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) 6.21 5.16 2,440

Attendance statusFull-time/full-year 0.90 2.14 1,080Full-time/part-year 4.37 6.53 2,410Part-time/full-year 1.03 0.94 930Part-time/part-year 1.68 0.89 1,310


Table S3.6.—Standard errors for table 3.6: Percentage of graduate and first-professional students who Table S3.6.—were married, percentage with a spouse who had an income, and among those whose Table S3.6.—spouse had an income, average income of spouse by graduate level, institution type, Table S3.6.—and selected enrollment characteristics: 2007–08

Graduate level, institution type, and selected enrollment characteristics Married

Percent with spousewith income

Spouse’saverage income

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G1

Glossary All of the variables that were used in these tables are described in this glos-sary. The variables were taken directly from the 2007–08 National Postsecon-dary Student Aid Study (NPSAS:08) Data Analysis System (DAS). The DAS is a web-based application that allows users to create tables with estimates and standard errors from the NPSAS:08 data and other surveys (see the Data Analysis System section for a more detailed de-scription), and it can be accessed at http://www.nces.ed.gov/das/. In the glossary, the items are listed in alpha-betical order by the variable label. The name of each variable appears to the right of the variable label.

Age as of 12/31/07 AGE Younger than 25 25–29 30–34 35–39 40 or older

Aid package by type of aid AIDTYPE Type of aid package a student received during the 2007–08 academic year. For students with any aid, this variable indicates combinations of aid from grants, loans, and other types of aid.

Grants only Student received grant aid only. Grants in-clude scholarships, fellowships, tuition waivers, and employer aid.

Grants and loans only Student received grant and loan aid only. Loans only Student received loans only. Other combinations of aid Student received any other combination of

aid. Other combinations might also include assistantships or military tuition aid.

Unaided Student did not receive any type of finan-

cial aid.

Assistantships GRASTAMT Total amount of all graduate student assistantships received during the 2007–08 academic year. Assistantships are specific types of grant aid, and the source can be either the institution or outside sources. Equal to the sum of research assistant-ships, teaching assistantships, and any other type of graduate assistantships re-ceived. Includes assistantships funded from outside sources. Assistantships are often treated as employee salaries rather than financial aid by institutions and may not be recorded in the financial aid records. Based primarily on student re-ports, though some information is derived from institution reports. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received assistantships.

Attendance status ATTNSTAT Based on the number of months students were enrolled full time or part time at all institutions attended during the 2007–08 academic year (July 1, 2007 to June 30, 2008). “Full-year” is defined as enrollment for 9 or more months during the academic year. Months did not have to be contiguous or at the same institution, and students did not have to be enrolled for a full month in order to be consi-dered enrolled for that month. For more information on attendance status among graduate and first-professional students, see http://nces.ed.gov/pubsearch/pubsinfo.asp?pubid=2010177.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G2

Attendance status—continued ATTNSTAT Full-time/full-year Student was enrolled full time for at least 9

months during 2007–08. Additional months enrolled could be part time. For example, a student who was enrolled full time during the fall and spring semesters and part time in the summer would be considered a full-time student.

Full-time/part-year Student was enrolled full time for less than 9

months during 2007–08, but attended full time in all months enrolled.

Part-time/full-year Student was enrolled 9 or more months dur-

ing 2007–08, but enough of these months were part time that the student did not meet the criterion for full-time/full-year.

Part-time/part-year Student was enrolled less than 9 months dur-

ing 2007–08, and some of these months were part time.

Citizenship CITIZEN2 Student’s citizenship status and financial aid eligibility. Variable was constructed from data reported on the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA). When a FAFSA was not available, data provided by the student or institution were used.

U.S. citizen Student was a U.S. citizen or U.S. national in 2007–08.

Resident alien Student was not a U.S. citizen in 2007–08 but

was eligible for federal financial aid (some-times referred to as a “permanent resident”).

Foreign/international student Student was not a U.S. citizen and was inelig-

ible for federal loans in 2007–08 (includes those holding student or exchange visitor vi-sas; sometimes referred to as a “nonresident alien”).

Completed a graduate or first-professional degree PROGSTAT Indicates whether the student completed or expected to complete a graduate or first-professional degree during the 2007–08 academic year, as reported by stu-dents and/or institutions. Used as a filter to examine only graduate and first-professional completers.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G3

Effect on grades JOBEFFGR Student response to the question “Would you say that working while you were going to school had a positive effect, a negative effect, or no effect on the grades you earned?” Asked only of students who worked but considered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assistantships/traineeships/work-study.

Employer aid EMPLYAMT Total amount of employer aid received between July 2007 and June 2008. Em-ployer aid is a specific type of grant aid that a student receives from the individu-al, business, corporation, or institution that employs the student, including employer-paid tuition reimbursements. Includes tuition waivers for employees of postsecondary institutions and their dependents. Most of the information on em-ployer aid was provided by the students. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received employer aid.

Ever borrowed BORAMT3 The total amount the student borrowed from all sources (except family and friends) for undergraduate and graduate education up to June 2008.

Ever borrowed, graduate BORAMT2 The total amount the student borrowed from all sources (except family and friends) for graduate education up to June 2008.

Ever borrowed, undergraduate BORAMT1 The total amount the student borrowed from all sources (except family and friends) for undergraduate education up to June 2008.

Federal aid TFEDAID Total amount of federal financial aid, including loans, grants, work-study, and all other federal aid, excluding Veterans Affairs/Department of Defense aid, received during the 2007–08 academic year. The federal government is the source of this form of aid, which includes all aid types. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received federal aid.

Federal aid as a percent of total aid FEDPCT For all aided students, the proportion of the total aid amount that was made up of federal aid expressed as a percentage.

Gender GENDER Male Female

Graduate field of study MAJORSGR Student’s field of study during the 2007–08 academic year. This variable was grouped differently in the tables for master’s degree and doctoral degree stu-dents. See “Other/undeclared” below for explanation. Students’ majors do not al-ways match the degree program they are pursuing; for example, M.B.A. students sometimes report a major other than business or management.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G4

Graduate field of study—continued MAJORSGR Humanities Area and ethnic studies, English, foreign lan-

guage, liberal studies, philosophy, theology, art, music, fine and performing arts.

Social/behavioral sciences Psychology, social work, anthropology, eco-

nomics, political science, history, sociology. Life and physical sciences Biological sciences, physical sciences, natural

resources, forestry, geography, environmen-tal science.

Engineering/computer science/mathematics Engineering, computer and information

sciences, mathematics Education Elementary/secondary education, other edu-

cation. Business/management Accounting, finance, business, marketing,

public administration. Health Medicine, dentistry, veterinary medicine, nurs-

ing, public health, other health fields. This cat-egory is only shown separately for master’s students; for doctoral students, it was grouped in “other/undeclared” (see below).

Other/undeclared For master’s students, includes those not in a

degree program, in law, and in other fields not listed above. For doctoral students, the “other/undeclared” category also includes those in health fields.

Graduate level GRADDEG Level of the graduate or first-professional degree program in which the student was enrolled during his or her last term in 2007–08.

Master’s degree Student was seeking a master’s degree. Doctoral degree Student was seeking a doctoral degree. First-professional degree Student was seeking one of the following de-

grees: chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.), pharmacy (D.Pharm.), dentistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.), podia-try (Pod.D. or D.P.M.), medicine (M.D.), veteri-nary medicine (D.V.M.), optometry (O.D.), law (L.L.B. or J.D.), osteopathic medicine (D.O.), or theology (M.Div. or M.H.L. or B.D.).

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G5

Graduate level—continued GRADDEG Other or no degree program Student was enrolled in a program of study

or course at the postbaccalaureate level that does not lead to a graduate or first-professional degree or was enrolled in a post-baccalaureate certificate program (including teacher education programs).

Graduate level and institution type PGMSEC The level of the graduate program in which the student was enrolled (master’s, doctoral, first-professional, or other) combined with the type of institution the student attended (highest offering and the source of revenue and control of op-erations) in 2007–08. See GRADDEG for descriptions of graduate levels.

Master’s degree, public non-doctorate-granting Master’s degree, public doctorate-granting Master’s degree, private nonprofit non-doctorate-granting Master’s degree, private nonprofit doctorate-granting Doctoral degree, public Doctoral degree, private nonprofit First-professional degree, public First-professional degree, private nonprofit

Graduate or first-professional degree program GRADPGM Student’s specific graduate or first-professional degree program. Students who were not enrolled in a degree program or enrolled in a postbaccalaureate certifi-cate are excluded from this categorization of the variable.

Master’s degree program Business administration (M.B.A.) Master of Business administration (M.B.A.) Education (any master’s) M.Ed., M.A.T., or any other master’s degree

and education as the field of study M.A. except in education Master of Arts degree in any field except

education M.S. except in education Master of Science degree in any field ex-

cept education Any other master’s degree Examples include M.S.W. (Master of Social

Work), M.P.A. (Master of Public Administra-tion), and M.F.A. (Master of Fine Arts)

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G6

Graduate or first-professional degree program—continued GRADPGM Doctoral degree program

Ph.D. except in education A Ph.D. in any field except education Education (any doctoral) Ed.D. or any other doctoral degree and

education as the field of study Any other doctoral Examples include D.B.A. (Doctor of Busi-

ness Administration), D.F.A. (Doctor of Fine Arts), and D.P.A. (Doctor of Public Adminis-tration)

First-professionaldegree program

Medicine (M.D. or D.O.) Medicine (M.D.) or osteopathic medicine (D.O.)

Other health science degree Includes chiropractic (D.C. or D.C.M.), den-

tistry (D.D.S. or D.M.D.), optometry (O.D.), pharmacy (D.Pharm.), podiatry (Pod.D. or D.P.M.), and veterinary medicine (D.V.M.)

Law (LL.B. or J.D.) Law (LL.B. or J.D.) Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.) Theology (M.Div., M.H.L., B.D.)

Graduate PLUS loan GPLUSAMT Total amount of Graduate PLUS loans received in 2007–08. Graduate PLUS loans are available to graduate and first-professional students, in addition to any federal Stafford loans for which students are eligible. Graduate PLUS loans are not based on need and may be used to cover the federal Expected Family Contribution (EFC). Although there is no fixed limit to the amount of a Graduate PLUS loan, it may not exceed the student budget minus any other financial aid already re-ceived. Graduate PLUS loans are only available to students who can meet certain credit-worthiness criteria; if they cannot do so, the student will need a cosigner for the loan. Includes loans received through both the Federal Family Education Loan (FFELP) and Direct Loan programs (see STAFFAMT for details about these pro-grams).

Grants TOTGRT Total amount of grants received in 2007–08. Grants are a type of student financial aid that does not require repayment or employment. Grants include scholarships and fellowships. Tuition waivers and employer aid are considered grant aid. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received grants.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G7

Grants as a percent of total aid GRTPCT For all aided students, the proportion of the total aid amount that was made up of grants expressed as a percentage.

Helps with career preparation JOBEFFA Student response to the question “Did having a job while you were going to school help you with career preparation?” Asked only of students who worked but considered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assistant-ships/traineeships/work-study. Part of a series of items regarding benefits and drawbacks to working while in school. Respondents were asked to indicate yes or no on each item.

Helps with coursework JOBEFFB Student response to the question “Did having a job while you were going to school help you with class work?” Asked only of students who worked but consi-dered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assistant-ships/traineeships/work-study. Part of a series of items regarding benefits and drawbacks to working while in school. Respondents were asked to indicate yes or no on each item.

Income in 2006 (including spouse’s) CINCOME Student’s total income in 2006, including earnings, income from assets, and un-taxed income. For married students, spouses’ income is included. Incomes were determined from the Free Application for Federal Student Aid (FAFSA) or, if not available, from student-reported data. All graduate and first-professional students are considered financially independent; therefore, their parents’ income is not in-cluded. Used to report average income (excluding students with no income) and percentage distribution by quartile (including those with no income).

Lowest 25 percent Student’s household income was $13,170 or less in 2006. Includes students who reported no income.

Lower middle 25 percent Student’s household income was $13,171–

37,425 in 2006. Upper middle 25 percent Student’s household income was $37,426–

71,559 in 2006. Highest 25 percent Student’s household income was $71,560 or

more in 2006.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G8

Institutional aid INSTAMT Total amount of institutional aid received during 2007–08. The institution is the source of this form of aid. Institutional aid includes grants, fellowships, and loans from the institution attended, institution-sponsored work-study, and all other in-stitutional aid, including research and teaching assistantships. Includes assistant-ships funded by federal research grants. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received institutional aid.

Institutional aid as a percent of total aid INSTGPCT For all aided students, the proportion of the total aid amount that was made up of institutional aid expressed as a percentage.

Limits access to campus facilities JOBEFFC Student response to the question “Did having a job while you were going to school limit your access to campus facilities or services?” Asked only of students who worked but considered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assistantships/traineeships/work-study. Part of a series of items regarding benefits and drawbacks to working while in school. Respondents were asked to indicate yes or no on each item.

Limits class schedule JOBEFFD Student response to the question “Did having a job while you were going to school limit the class schedule you could have?” Asked only of students who worked but considered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assis-tantships/traineeships/work-study. Part of a series of items regarding benefits and drawbacks to working while in school. Respondents were asked to indicate yes or no on each item.

Limits number of classes JOBEFFE Student response to the question “Did having a job while you were going to school limit the number of classes you could take?” Asked only of students who worked but considered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assis-tantships/traineeships/work-study. Part of a series of items regarding benefits and drawbacks to working while in school. Respondents were asked to indicate yes or no on each item.

Loans TOTLOAN Total amount of loans received in 2007–08. This includes all loans through federal, state, institutional programs, and private sources. Loans are a type of student fi-nancial aid that advances funds and that are evidenced by a promissory note re-quiring the recipient to repay the specified amounts under prescribed conditions. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received loans.

Loans as a percentage of total aid LOANPCT For all aided students, the proportion of the total aid amount that was made up of loans expressed as a percentage.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G9

Marital status SMARITAL Marital status as of the date the student applied for financial aid (based on the FAFSA) or, for students who did not apply for financial aid, marital status as re-ported by the student or by the institution in 2007−08.

Married Student was married and not separated.

Not married or separated Student was single, divorced, widowed, or separated.

Other aid OTHRSCR Total amount of any type of aid received from a source that could not be classified as federal, state, or institutional. Includes employer aid such as employer tuition reimbursements (excluding institution tuition waivers), outside grants, pri-vate/commercial loans, and veterans’ benefits. Also used to identify the percen-tage of students who received other aid.

Primary role JOBROLE2 Primary role of the student while enrolled and working (including work-study/assistantship/traineeship jobs). For students with jobs other than work-study/assistantship/traineeship jobs, based on student response to the question “While you were enrolled and working, would you say you were primarily a stu-dent working to meet expenses or an employee who decided to enroll in school?” Students who had work-study, assistantship, or traineeship jobs and no other jobs were not asked this question in the student interview, but they were coded as students working to meet expenses in this variable. Those who did not work were categorized as “Did not work.”

Student working to meet expenses Employee enrolled in school Did not work

Private grants PRIVAID Total amount of grants and scholarships the student received from private sources during the 2007–08 academic year. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received private grants.

Private loans PRIVLOAN Total amount of alternative commercial or private loans the student received dur-ing the 2007–08 academic year. Private loans are loans from a specific outside source. Examples of such loans are personal loans secured through financial insti-tutions or lenders like TERI or Sallie Mae. Does not include loans from family or friends. Based primarily on student interviews. Also used to identify the percen-tage of students who received private loans.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G10

Race/ethnicity RACE Student’s race/ethnicity with Hispanic/Latino origin as a separate category as re-ported by the student. Based on the Census race categories, the categories ex-clude Hispanic origin unless specified.

White A person having origins in any of the original peoples of Europe, North Africa, or the Mid-dle East.

Black A person having origins in any of the black

racial groups of Africa. Hispanic A person of Mexican, Puerto Rican, Cuban,

Central or South American, or other Spanish culture or origin, regardless of race.

Asian A person having origins in any of the peoples

of the Far East, Southeast Asia, or the Indian subcontinent. This includes people from Chi-na, Japan, Korea, the Philippine Islands, India, and Vietnam.

Two or more races A person reporting origins in more than one

race. Other Includes those reporting having origins in a

race not listed above.

Restricts choice of classes JOBEFFF Student response to the question “Did having a job while you were going to school restrict your choice of classes?” Asked only of students who worked but considered themselves primarily students, excluding those with assistant-ships/traineeships/work-study. Part of a series of items regarding benefits and drawbacks to working while in school. Respondents were asked to indicate yes or no on each item.

Source of aid package AIDSRC Source of the aid package the student received in 2007–08. For students with any aid, this variable records combinations of aid from federal, state, institutional, and other aid sources.

Federal aid only Student received federal aid only. Institutional aid only Student received institutional aid only.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G11

Source of aid package—continued AIDSRC Outside sources only Student received outside aid only. Outside

sources include grants from private sources and employers, alternative private or com-mercial loans, and federal veterans’ benefits and military tuition aid.

Federal and one other source Student received federal aid and exactly one

other source of aid (state, institutional, or outside sources), but not more than one. Students who received federal aid and more than one other source of aid were included in the Other Combination category.

Other combination Student received aid from any other combi-

nation of sources. Unaided Student did not receive financial aid from any

source.

Spouse’s income SPSINC For married students, spouses’ earned income for 2006 as reported on the finan-cial aid application or in the student interview. Used to identify respondents who had spouses with income in 2006 and to calculate average spousal income.

Stafford cumulative amount borrowed STFCUM3 Cumulative Stafford loan amounts borrowed for both graduate and undergra-duate education through July 1, 2008. Includes Supplemental Loans for Students (SLS) and subsidized and unsubsidized loans as reported in the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS).

Stafford cumulative amount, graduate STFCUM2 Cumulative Stafford loan amounts borrowed for graduate or first-professional education through July 1, 2008. Includes Supplemental Loans for Students (SLS) and subsidized and unsubsidized loans as reported in the National Student Loan Data System (NSLDS).

Stafford cumulative amount, undergraduate STFCUM1 Cumulative Stafford loan amounts borrowed for undergraduate education through July 1, 2008. Includes Supplemental Loans for Students (SLS) and subsi-dized and unsubsidized loans as reported in the National Student Loan Data Sys-tem (NSLDS).

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G12

Stafford loans STAFFAMT Total amount of Stafford loans received during 2007–08. Stafford loans are a spe-cific type of loan aid, and the federal government is the source of this form of aid. This includes all Stafford loans (from the Direct Loan program and the Federal Family Education Loan [FFEL] program) taken out at all institutions the student at-tended during the year. Students with financial need may obtain subsidized Staf-ford loans, in which the federal government pays the interest on the loan until the student begins repayment. Students without financial need may obtain unsubsi-dized Stafford loans, on which they owe interest from the date of the loan. Under the Direct Loan program, the federal government makes loans directly to stu-dents through their institutions, and under the FFEL program, private lenders make the loans. The terms of the loans are the same regardless of the source of funds. The Stafford loan program was formerly known as the Guaranteed Student Loan (GSL) program. Also used to identify the percentage of students who re-ceived Stafford loans.

Stafford subsidized loans STAFSUB Total amount of subsidized Stafford (FFEL or Direct) loans received during 2007–08. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received subsidized Staf-ford loans.

Stafford subsidized maximum STAFCT1 Classifies the subsidized Stafford loan amount received during 2007–08 into cate-gories based on the maximum loan limit ($8,500 for graduate and first-professional students).

None Less than maximum Maximum ($8,500)

Stafford total maximum STAFCT2 Classifies the total Stafford loan amount (subsidized and unsubsidized combined) received during 2007–08 into categories based on the maximum loan limit. This includes the usual maximum limit of $20,500 for graduate and first-professional students and the exceptional maximum of $40,500 for students in some health professions programs.

None Less than maximum Maximum ($20,500)

Stafford unsubsidized loans STAFUNSB Total amount of unsubsidized Stafford (FFEL or Direct) loans received during 2007–08. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received unsubsi-dized Stafford loans.

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G13

State aid STATEAMT Total amount of state aid received by a student in 2007–08. The state is the source of this form of aid, which includes all aid types. State aid includes state grants, loans, state-sponsored work study, and all other state financial aid. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received state aid.

Total aid TOTAID Total amount of all financial aid received from all sources in 2007–08, including federal, state, institution, and other sources. Used to identify respondents who re-ceived aid in 2007–08 and to calculate average total aid.

Total hours worked per week JOBHOUR2 Total number of hours that students worked per week while enrolled during 2007–08 including work-study, assistantship, and traineeship jobs. Equal to the sum of hours worked per week at the regular job and at the work study/ assistantship job if respondent reported having both. Also used to identify the percentage of respondents who worked while enrolled.

Total private grants and loans PRIVAMT Total amount student received in 2007–08 from private sources in the form of grants and loans. Private sources are a specific outside source, and can be any type of aid. Equal to the sum of grants from private sources and alternative loans from private and commercial sources. Also used to identify the percentage of stu-dents who received private grants and loans.

Tuition waivers INSWAIV Total tuition and housing fee waivers awarded in 2007–08. Tuition waivers are a specific type of grant aid, and the institution is the source of this form of aid. Stu-dents with waivers are excused from paying tuition or housing fees, or they pay discounted amounts. This variable included waivers for institutional employees or dependents and other waivers or discounts. Also used to identify the percentage of students who received tuition waivers.

Weeks employed while enrolled JOBWEEK Student response to the question “Would you say you worked during all the weeks you were enrolled, most of them, half of them, or less than half?” Asked on-ly of students who worked while enrolled.

Every week Most weeks About half of weeks Less than half of weeks

LABEL VARIABLE NAME

GLOSSARY G14

Work-study TOTWKST Total amount of work-study aid received in 2007–08. Work-study aid can come from federal, state, or institutional sources. Work-study programs provide partial reimbursement of wages paid to students. These programs are used infrequently by graduate students. Also used to identify the percentage of students who re-ceived work-study.

Year in program in 2007–08 GRADLVL Year in program during 2007–08, as reported by the student. Institution reports were used to fill in missing data.

First-year Second-year Third-year Fourth-year or beyond

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