Y4 KNOWLEDGE ORGANISER

Where does the water come from?

A four-figure grid reference is a handy way of identifying any square on a map. Grid references are easy if you can remember that you always have to go along the corridor before you go up the stairs. To find the number of a square first use the eastings to go along the corridor until you come to the

bottom left-hand corner of the square you want.

Write this two-figure number down. Then use the northing to go up the stairs until you find the same corner. Put this two-figure number after your first one and you now have the four-figure grid reference, which looks like the

example in diagram D: 6233.

If you want to pinpoint a more exact place on a map, such as your own house, you will need to use a six-figure grid reference. First find the four-figure grid

reference for the square and write it down with a space after each set of numbers, like this: 62_ 33_

Now imagine this square is divided up into 100 tiny squares with 10 squares along each side. Still remembering to go along the corridor and up the stairs, work out the extra numbers you need and put them into your four-figure grid

reference like this in diagram E: 625 333.

Most of the water in the world is found in the seas and oceans which cover more than 70 percent of the Earth’s surface.

However, a seawater cannot be used for

drinking or irrigation as it is contaminated with salt. Antarctica and Greenland have huge supplies, but

these are locked up in snow and ice. This leaves rivers, lakes and water-bearing rocks as the main source of supply.

Rivers in SheffieldSheffield is the most geographically diverse city in England and is created naturally by several hills and the confluence of five rivers: Don, Sheaf, Rivelin, Loxley & Porter.

ReservoirsA reservoir is a lake that is usually man-made (meaning it was made by people). Reservoirs are used to store water for various uses like drinking. There are different types of reservoirs. Sheffield is surrounded by many reservoirs such as Damflask, Broomhead & Derwent. These are all reservoirs which you can pay a visit.

8 Point Compass PHYSICAL VOCABULARY GEOGRAPHYWater cycle: The circulation of the earth’s water. Water Vapour: Water in the form of a gas. Transpiration: The evaporation of water from a plant’s leaves, stem or flowers. Condensation: The process of water vapour (gas) cooling to form water droplets (liquid).Evaporation: The process of water (liquid) being heated and changing into water vapour (gas). Precipitation: Water falling from clouds in the form of rain, snow, sleet or hail.Collection: When water that has fallen from the clouds collects in oceans, rivers, lakes and streams. Cloud: A mass of water vapour that floats in the sky. Drought: A long period of time during which no rain falls.

HUMAN VOCABULARY GEOGRAPHYWaterworks: A building where a supply of water is stored and cleaned before being distributed to the public.Water treatment: A process that improves the quality of water to make it more useful.Sanitation: The process of keeping places clean and healthy, especially by providing a sewage system and a clean water supply.Well: A hole in the ground from which a water supply is extracted.Dam: A wall that is built across a river in order to stop the water flowing and to make a lake. Borehole: A hole drilled into the earth to release water.Water supply: The water which is collected and passed through pipes to buildings for people to use.

MAPPING VOCABULARYNorth-East: the direction which is halfway between north and east.North-West: the direction which is halfway between north and west.South-East: the direction which is halfway between south and east.South-West: the direction which is halfway between south and east.6-figure grid reference: A group of six figures used to find a grid square on an Ordnance Survey map.