Student’s first & last name: ____________________________________ Today’s date: ____________

World Geography Grade 7 Period: _____

Module 6: The United States; Lesson 2: History & Culture (Pp. 198-208)Directions: Use your textbook or the Xeroxed copy of your textbook to locate and answer the questions that follow. If you cannot immediately locate an answer, read the page that it is on, and then perhaps the page before that, to help you. Try to complete all the work on your own, independently, without asking for help, since it is an important skill in both school and life to be able to gain knowledge from interacting with the information in a book. This work is not difficult to produce; it may take some effort and work but it is very do-able for independent learners to complete.

First Modern Democracy (begins on P.198)

1. Long before European explorers came to the New World (what we know as, “The Americas,”) who lived on the land that is now the United States? (p. 198) ______________________________________

2. Who was the famous Italian explorer who sailed to the Americas in 1492? (p. 198)[ the name of a man goes here] _______________________ ___________________________

3. What is a COLONY? (p. 198) A colony is: _________________________________________________

____________________________________________________________________________________

4. (p. 198) By 1733, The British had (a number goes here)______ colonies along the (the name of an ocean goes here) __________________ coast. New cities in the colonies such as (the name of 2 cities go in each of the following 2 spaces) ______________________ and _________________________ became major seaports.

5. (P. 198) As European colonies grew, many ______________________________, or native, people were forced off the land or died of __________________________ brought by Europeans. These indigenous people had no natural immunities to the diseases that the Europeans unintentionally (by mistake) brought with them to the New World. The Europeans may have had these diseases but recovered from them and were healthy; however, when the Native Americans caught those same diseases, they died from them.

6. (P. 198) During the colonial period, Europeans from various ethnic & religious groups arrived in the colonies, looking for ___________________ freedom (the chance to worship in whichever way they wished) and _______________________ opportunity (the chance to make one’s own money perhaps from owning a farm or a business). For examples, Anabaptists from ______________________ settled in places like Pennsylvania. Even today, many people who live in Pennsylvania still speak German as their first language. We call them the Pennsylvania Dutch, which is an incorrect spelling & pronunciation of the word, “Deutsch.” “Deutsch” is German for “person from Germany.”

7. Pp. 198-199) Jewish people, or Jews, first from Spain & Portugal and later from Germany & Eastern Europe, moved to port cities like __________________________ (which is located in New York State)and __________________________ (which is in the state of South Carolina.)

8. (P. 199) By the 17770’s many colonists in America were unhappy with the British (another word for a king or a queen goes here) _________________________. They wanted independence from Britain. In

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(a month & year goes here)____________________________ the colonial representatives created & adopted (3 words; an important document that separated the American colonies from England): The ____________________________________ of ______________________________________.

9. (P. 199) To win their independence, the American colonists fought the British in the (1775-1783) ____________________________________ War, also known as “The War of Independence” or “The American Revolution.” First, colonists from Massachusetts fought in the early battles of the war in and around (the name of a city in Massachusetts goes here)__________________________. As the war spread west & south, soldiers from all of the American __________________ joined the fight against Britain.

10. (P. 199) In (a year goes here) ________ the American forces under General George ___________________________ defeated the British army at the Battle of ______________________

in the state of ________________________. With this defeat, Britain recognized the independence of the United States. As a consequence, Britain granted all its land east of the (a body of water goes here)__________________________ _____________________ to the new nation.

11. (p. 199) The colonists then worked to form a new _________________________ based on rule by _________________________ of the people instead of rule by a monarch (king or queen.) They formed the first modern _____________________________.

Expansion and Industrial Growth (begins on P. 200.)

12. (P. 200) After gaining independence, the United States gradually expanded (a cardinal direction) ___________. Despite the challenges of crossing swift-moving (a body of water goes here) _________________ and traveling across rugged (means rough, uneven, bumpy, rocky, stony) terrain (means land, ground, territory) and huge mountains, people moved west for ______________ and _____________________ _____________________________.

13. (P. 200-201) These first settlers who traveled west were called _______________. Many followed the 2,000-mile ________________ ___________ west from Missouri to the Oregon Territory. Groups of families traveled together in _______________ pulled by ______________ or _____________. The trip was ______________. Food, ________________ and ______________ were scarce (difficult to find; in only small amounts; few).

14. P. 201) While many ______________________ headed west seeking ____________, others went in search of _____________ (hint: periodic table symbol AU.) The discovery of _____________ in the state of ____________________________ (hint: west coast; people love to surf there) in 1848 had a major impact on the country. The lure of gold brought ________________________ of ________________________ of people to California.

15. (P. 201) By 1850 the _________________________ of the United States exceeded (was more than) (a number goes here) ___________________________ and the country stretched all the way to the ___________________ Ocean. In order to promote the settling of the _____________ (means the opposite of “urban”) West, the federal government enacted _____________ giving away ___________ to anyone, including _____________________, _________________________, and _______________ _______________________ , willing to farm it. This public policy was called the ___________________ _________________. One-tenth of all ________________ in the United States was settled under this act.

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16. (P. 201) As the United States expanded, the nation’s ___________________ also grew. By the late 1800s the country was a major producer of goods like ________________, __________, and _______________________, or cloth products. The __________________ industry grew around cities that were located near __________________ and __________ __________ deposits. Most of those new industrial cities were in the ____________________________ and _____________________. The country’s economy also benefitted from the _________________________ of ______________(which are man-made rivers dug into the earth, often to connect two other bodies of water) and _________________________ (which were powered by steam engines at that time). These technologies helped ________________________ and ________________ move farther into the interior.

17. (P. 202) Attracted by a _________________ economy, millions of people _____________________, or came to, the United States for ________________ ________ and _____________. Immigration from _______________________ countries was especially heavy in the late ___________’s and early ___________’s. Immigrants supplied _________________ to fuel the economy. Immigration also brought groups of people who had not previously ________________________ with each other. Sometimes, this created _________________ as groups ___________________ with each other for ______________ and __________________.

18. (P. 202)The growth of ___________________ had some ____________________ effects. Mines and factories were often _______________ for workers. People were __________________ or killed on the job. Employers’ desire to make _________________ conflicted with ________________ concerns. In the early 1900’s, workers of different ___________________________ began to work together in ____________________ and with others, like ___________________________ and ______________________, to make ______________________ and __________________ safer.

Directions: Read this excerpt (portion) from the book from the United States Department of Labor, A Pictoral Walk through the 20 th Century: Little Miners. Answer the questions that follow it.

(Hint: the 20th century began in the year 1901 & ended in the year 1999.) In the early years of the 20th century, children as young as eight years old worked in the coal mines. The work was hard and the "little boys" grew old and stooped before their time.

An 1885 law required boys to be at least twelve to work in the coal breakers and at least fourteen to work inside the mines. A 1902 law raised the age to fourteen to work in the breakers. Although child labor laws did not allow children under fourteen to work in the mines, some states did not have compulsory registration of birth. Boys were passed off as "small for their age".

The Children's Bureau was created within the Department of Commerce and Labor on April 9, 1912. It was transferred to the newly created Department of Labor on March 4, 1913. The first Federal Child Labor Law was signed by President Woodrow Wilson on September 1, 1916.

The following is a series of pictures and stories about children who worked long hours in this country's coal mines and the most common jobs they performed before child labor laws were passed.

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BREAKER BOYSThe coal was crushed, washed, and sorted according to size at the breaker. The coal tumbled down a chute and moved along a moving belt. Boys, some as young as eight, worked in the picking room. They worked hunched over 10 to 11 hours a day, six days a week, sorting rock, slate and other refuse from the coal with their bare hands. If the boy did not pay attention, he might lose fingers in the machinery.

View of the Ewen Breaker of the Pennsylvania Coal Company, January 10, 1911.

The dust was so dense at times that the view was obscured. This dust penetrated the utmost recesses of the boys’ lungs. A kind of slave driver sometimes stood over the boys, prodding or kicking them into obedience.

To the left is a picture of some breaker boys. Notice how dirty they are. Many are very thin and pale due to poor nutrition and little time spent above ground.

Hughestown Borough Coal Co., Pittston, PA, January 16, 1911.

* Most pictures in this exhibit were obtained from the National Archives, Lewis W. Hine collection.

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SPRAGGERSBoys worked underground as nippers and spraggers. The boys holding the pieces of wood in this picture were spraggers. Only the fastest boys could be spraggers because they controlled the speed of the mine cars as they rolled down the slope. They worked in pairs. Each boy had about twenty or thirty sprags. As the mine cars rolled downhill the spraggers ran alongside the cars and jabbed the sprags into the wheels. The sprags (pieces of wood) worked as brakes, slowing the cars down. The job was very dangerous. The car could fly out of control and jump the track and crash into the mine wall if the wheels were not spragged properly.

NIPPERSThe nipper was the door keeper. He was the youngest of the boys working underground, usually eleven to thirteen years old. His job was to open the heavy door when he heard a coal car approaching, then quickly close the door after the load passed through. The nipper sat long hours by himself in the dark with only his carbide cap lamp for light. He was often bored and sometimes whittled long pieces of wood into sprags or trapped the rats to pass the time.

When the nipper heard an approaching car, he opened the door to let the mule and the driver pass through with their load of coal. It was very important that the nipper did not fall asleep and allow the coal car to crash through the door. The door was vital to the mine's ventilation system.

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MULE DRIVERThe most exciting job for the boys was mule driver. The job was usually held by an older boy in his early teens. The mule driver traveled all through the mine coupling full cars together and leaving an empty car behind in the work chamber. The boy started out with one mule and then worked up to a six-mule team. When he was able to drive a six-mule team, he was given a man's wages. The mule driver sat on the front bumper of the coal car and used his voice to direct the mules. If the mule was stubborn, he used a black snake whip. A good mule driver was respected by both the miners and bosses. He had no problem obtaining a job as a miner when he was older.

SHOWER BATH FOR MULESThe miners often felt the mules were more important than men were to the company. If a mule died, the company had to buy a new one. If the miner was killed or injured, they only had to hire a replacement.

TRIPPERBoy running "trip rope" at a tipple. The tripper is a device that discharges material from a belt conveyor. It has a double pulley that turns a short section of a conveyor belt upside down in order to dump its load into a side chute. The boy looked to be about 13 years old. He worked 10 hours a day at a Welch, WV, coal mine.

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After reading the excerpt from Little Miners above, answer the following questions: 19. How old are the workers in this excerpt? ______________________________________

______________________________________

20. What kinds of jobs do these workers do? _____________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

21. How would you describe the work they do? ___________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

22. Why do you think that these people are doing this work? ________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

23. If you had to take an educated guess (make a hypothesis) based on this excerpt, how many hours each day would you guess that these Little Miners work? __________________ Why do you think they work that many hours each day? ____________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

24. What do you think the Little Miners do after their shift in the mine is over for the day? ________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

25. What kinds of things do you think the Little Miners DO NOT get to do that you get to do, and why do you think that this is so? _________________________________________________________________________

_______________________________________________________________________ Page 7

26. Are there any jobs described in this excerpt that you would like to do? Which one(s)? Why or why not? __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Directions: Read the following information from youngworkers.org. Answer the questions that follow

Question: What is a Union?

Answer: A union is an organized group of workers who come together to make decisions about the conditions of their work.

Through union membership, workers can impact wages, work hours, benefits, workplace health and safety, and other work-related issues. Under U.S. law, workers of all ages have

the right to join a union.

Having support from the union to ensure fair treatment in the workplace is one of the key reasons people join. Many of the benefits and protections workers enjoy today came about as a result of union efforts. These include the minimum wage, social security payments, an eight hour day and weekends, overtime pay, the Americans with Disabilities Act, and the Occupational Safety and Health Act, which requires employers to meet safety standards for their workers. For more information about unions, go to the AFL-CIO website or visit the UC Berkeley Labor Center website.

27. Do you think that creating or joining a union would have helped the Little Miners and their fathers,

the coal miners? Why or why not? _____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

28. What kinds of changes would unionization probably make to the lives of the Little Miners and their

fathers, the coal miners? What makes you choose those particular changes? ___________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________29. Do you think other occupations (jobs) also have unions?_____________ Why or why not? __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

If you know of any, write them here. ____________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

______________________________________________________________________ Page 8

30. (P. 202 in your textbook or Xeroxed copy of your textbook. The sentence begins part-way down the 2nd paragraph.) Laws were passed, making workplaces safer. ___________________ and workplace reforms helped more workers achieve __________________________ stability. Other groups and organizations also worked together to solve issues of ________________________ and poor living conditions in _______________.

Wars and Peace, page 202.

31. The United States came into__________________ with other countries and fought in several ___________ during the 1900s. Many Americans died in two major wars, ____________ ___________ _____ and ______________ ____________ _____. After World War II, most of the once-strong ____________________________ and _____________________ nations were struggling to rebuild. The United States and the _______________ ______________________ became rival _____________________ in what was known as the _____________ ___________. The Cold War lasted until the early 1990s, when the Soviet Union ________________________. During the Cold War, U.S. troops also served in long wars in ______________________ in the 1950s and in _______________________ in the 1960s and 1970s to keep communism from spreading. In 1991 the United States fought _______________ in the Persian Gulf War. In the early 2000s the United States military fought long wars in ___________ and ________________________. The United States fought these wars for several reasons, including promoting and protecting ____________________________, protecting American citizens, and protecting American economic interests and ___________________________.

32. (P. 202) Today, the United States is a member of many ________________________________ _____________________________. The headquarters of one such organization, the _____________________ _____________________________ (UN), is located in New York City. About 190 countries are UN members. The _________________________ _________________ is one of the most powerful members.

Government and Citizenship (begins on page 202)

33. The government of the United States is a complex, _____________________________ ______________________ with different levels and branches. It is a type of ______________________ government. Some principles that have shaped its structure and function include (4 words) _______________, ____________________ , ______________________ and _____________________________.

The Federal Government, Page 202.

33. (Page 202) Since 1787 the ___________________, or national, government of the United States has been based on the U.S. __________________________. This founding document spells out the ________________ and functions of the branches of the federal government. _____________________ has to follow the Constitution, even elected officials. The government is limited and cannot take certain ___________________ away from the people.

34. Part of the Constitution is the ______________ of ________________. The framers of the Constitution added the first ten _____________________________s to help protect individual rights. For example, the Bill of Rights protects freedom of _________________, _________________, and ________________________, as well as the right to a fair trial. Page 9.

35. The federal government includes an elected _______________________ and Congress. Congress, the ___________________________ branch, is responsible for making laws. There are two parts of Congress—the ___________________ of _______________________ and the ____________________.

36. The __________________________ branch, which includes the president, vice-president, and the president’s cabinet, carries out and enforces laws. The federal government also includes a ________________ branch of judges, who are appointed, not elected. The judicial branch ____________________

the laws in court cases. Sometimes, judges decide if laws violate the Constitution.

37. In general, the federal government handles issues affecting the whole ____________, like trade between countries and states and issues relating to ______________________ _______________________. The federal government also provides services like national ________________, Social Security, and ____________________ protection. Under the U.S. Constitution, many powers are left to the 50 _________________ governments.

State and Local Governments (begins on page 203)

38. State governments are based on each state’s __________________________. State constitutions set the rules for how each state’s government works. State constitutions must not violate the U.S. Constitution or individual ________________________ protected by the Constitution. Since state constitutions are different from each other, each state’s government is _________________. However, all state governments have _____ branches, just like the federal government.

39. All states have an elected ______________________ as the head of the executive branch, a legislative branch of elected members, and a judicial branch. In some states, judges are __________________, while in others, they are ___________________. State governments issue licenses, ________________ certificates, and death certificates; set, enforce, and interpret state ____________; and run elections.

Extra credit: who is the current governor of New Jersey? ____________________________________

(This photo is the NJ State House, or Capital Building. It is located in our state capital city, Trenton. It is open to the public for tours. Our governor has an office in this building.)

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40. (P. 204, ¶ 3)_____________________ and ________________ also have their own local governments, usually with executive, legislative, and judicial branches. _______________ elected leaders may include _______________, county commissioners, city councilors, judges, and school board members (a.k.a. the Board

of Education). Many local governments provide services to the community such as (four items go in these four spaces) __________________________, _______________________, ____________________ and _________________________________. Local governments also run public _________________. Federal, state, and local governments all provide services paid for with revenue from _______________.

Extra credit: what is the name of the county in which we live? ________________________ Who is the mayor of Rahway right now? _______________________ Who is the current school Board of Education President? _____________________________________

Rights and Responsibilities of Citizens (begins on page 204)

41. American citizens have many ________________ and ___________________________, including the right to vote. Voting for leaders is one way that the value of ________________________ is shown at all levels of government. Starting at age ____, U.S. citizens are allowed to vote. In order to vote, you have to ________________. In many states, you register for a particular ____________________ _______________. Political parties are organized groups of people who have similar views about government and issues. People in political parties work together to win __________________ and shape policies. Political parties also raise money to fund candidates’ __________________ and promote the party’s _________________, or platform.

42. During an election, there are usually primary elections where voters choose which candidates will represent each political party. In states with closed primaries, like Pennsylvania and Maryland, only voters _________________________ in a particular party can vote in that party’s primary. Other states, like Georgia and Montana, allow voters to choose which party’s primary to vote in on __________________Day. After each political party chooses a candidate in the primary election, these candidates run against each other in the ____________________ election. The winner of the general election takes office and helps to lead the community.

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43. In addition to voting, citizens are also encouraged to play an ______________ role in government. For example, Americans can call or write their public officials to ask them to help solve

problems in their ____________________________. When many citizens have the same goal about a specific issue, they may form an _____________________ _______________. Interest groups ________________, or advocate, at a federal, state, or local level to persuade elected officials. Citizens can also run for state, local, or federal elected office.

44. Other responsibilities include paying _____________and serving on a ___________. By serving on a jury, citizens help the ______________ system resolve conflicts between people and make sure justice is carried out. _______________ decide if people are guilty and sometimes decide what a fair outcome or punishment would be. Without people participating in their government, the _________________ process suffers.

People and Culture (begins on page 205)

45. Many Americans are descended from European ___________________________. However, the United States is also home to people of many other cultures and __________________ groups. Immigration has led to cultural _______________________ As a result, the United States is a diverse nation, where many languages are spoken and different religions and customs are practiced. The blending of these different cultures has helped produce a unique American culture.

Ethnic Groups in the United States (begins on page 205)

46. Some ethnic groups in the United States include (there will be four ethnic groups listed here) _______________________ ______________________ , ____________________ ________________________, _______________________ __________________ and ________________ ____________________ As you will see on the map (in your textbook on page 207) about the distribution of ethnic groups in the United States, higher percentages of these ethnic groups are concentrated in different areas of the United States.

47. For thousands of years, __________________ _____________________ were the only people living in the Americas. Today, most Native Americans live in the western United States. Many Native Americans are concentrated in _____________________ and ______________________.

48. Even though African Americans live in every _____________ of the country, some areas of the United States have a higher percentage of African Americans. For example, a higher percentage of African Americans live in

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_______________________ states. Many large ___________ also have a high percentage of African Americans.

49. On the other hand, ________________________ of people who came from Asian countries, or Asian Americans, are mostly concentrated in ________________________.

49. Many Hispanic Americans originally migrated to the United States from __________________ , ____________ , and other _____________ American countries. As you can see on the map of Hispanic Americans on page 206 of your textbook, a higher percentage of Hispanic Americans live in the southwestern states. These states border Mexico.

50. People and organizations from all of these ethnic groups have made important contributions in the areas of ________________, _____________________ , _________________________, and ____________________.

51 For example, Chinese immigrants constructed a lot of the _______________________ in the 1800s. They helped to connect the vast country and allowed goods and people to flow from _____________ to _____________.

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(The photograph to the left is of Chinese immigrants who built the transcontinental railroad during the 1800’s. This was difficult, dangerous, dirty and back-breaking work. The hours were long, the pay was poor and the chances of dying on the job were high. Nevertheless, these workers labored to connect

the country, facing loneliness, hardship and racism. Most stayed in the United States after their job was completed. )

52. George Washington Carver, an African American man, improved the economy of the South by developing new uses for crops, including using ________________to make peanut butter. (The photograph below is Carver with a painting of the peanut plant.)

Language (page 206)

53. What language or languages do you hear as you walk through the hall of your school? You probably hear English spoken every day. However, in many parts of the country, English is just one of many languages that people speak. People who speak two languages are ______________________, which means, “able to speak two languages.”

54. Today, more than 60 million U.S. residents speak a language other than English at home. These languages include: (six languages follow) ________________________ , ___________________ , _________________,

_____________________________, _________________________ , _______________________, and many others. After English, __________________ is the most widely spoken language in the United States. About 37 million Americans speak Spanish at home. Many of these people live near the border between the United States and Mexico and in ____________________ and __________________ _________________.

Religion (page 206)

55. Americans also practice many religious____________. Over time, people with different religious beliefs have come to the United States and brought their religious _____________ with them. The majority are _________________, as were the first European colonists. However, some are ________________ or Muslim, and a smaller percentage are _____________ , _________________ , or ___________. To many, religious groups are important _____________organizations. Your

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community might have Christian ______________, Jewish _____________________, Islamic _____________, Hindu ____________, or Sikh _______________, as well as other places of worship. Many religious groups also provide services like ____________ ____________ and _______________ ___________________ to those in need.

56. A variety of traditional ________________ __________________ are celebrated in the United States. Christians celebrate Jesus’ birth at ___________________ and Jesus’ resurrection at _______________. Jews observe Yom Kippur—also known as _________ of _________________—and Rosh Hashanah, the Jewish New Year. Muslims fast during the month of ____________________, a time when they believe the Qur’an, their holy scripture, was revealed to ___________________. Hindus celebrate Diwali, a festival of lights that symbolizes the ______________ of _______________over ____________. (The picture to the right is of thousands of flying paper lanterns being released as part of the Diwali celebration.) Sikhs commemorate the establishment of a formalized Sikh __________________called the Khalsa in the 1690s with a_________________ called Vaisakhi.

EXTRA CREDIT QUESTION: Look at the drawing of the six students from around the world. Can you accurately name each one’s religious faith or cultural background, and the holiday that each student is celebrating in this picture? Start from the left and work your way to the right.

1. ___________________________

_____________________________

2. ___________________________

______________________________________ 3. __________________________________________________________

4. _____________________________________________________ 5. _________________________________________

_____________________ 6. _____________________________________________________ Page 15

Foods and Music (Page 208)

57. (Page 208) Diversity shows itself through __________________ __________________. In addition to _________________ and ,__________________ cultural practices include the _____________ we eat and the _____________ we listen to.

58. America’s food is as ____________ as the American people. Think about some of the foods you have eaten this week. You may have eaten (three cultures and their foods go into the next spaces here)_______________ ______________ , __________________ _______________, or ______________________ _____________. These dishes are now part of the American diet.

EXTRA CREDIT QUESTION: Think about some other cultures from other countries. Have you tried any foods from those cultures? Write down the culture and the names of the food from each of those cultures which you have tried here: __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Did you enjoy any of these foods? Which ones, and why did you enjoy them? ___________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

Are there any foods from other cultures that you have tried but DID NOT enjoy? Which ones, and why did you NOT enjoy them? ___________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

What foods from other cultures would you LIKE to try some day, and why would you LIKE to try those foods? __________________________________________________________________________________________

__________________________________________________________________________________________

59. Different types of _______________from around the world have also influenced American ____________. For example, ___________ music from ______________ __________________ is popular in the United States today. Many American musicians now combine elements of salsa into their ________ _________songs. African rhythms and __________________ have also influenced American music. However, music that ___________________ in the United States is also popular in other countries. American musical styles include (4 different styles of music go here)________________, ___________________ , _______________ and ________ _______. Page 16.

American Popular Culture (page 208)

60. As the most _______________ country in the world, the United States has _______________________ ________________________around the world. American popular culture, such as __________________ , ________________________ _____________________, and _____________, is popular elsewhere. For example, American movies are seen by ______________ of people around the world. Other examples of American ________________ in other places include the popularity of _________________ in ____________, American __________ ___________ restaurants in almost every major city in the world, and American __________________ programs and channels ____________________ around the world. As you can see, Americans influence the rest of the ____________ in many ways through their ______________.

DIRECTIONS: If you feel confident that you have totally and accurately completed this section of your work, you may try a little “practice test” which follows. Challenge yourself -- try to get all of the answers correct without having to go back to look them up. When you have completed this “practice test,” go back into your

textbook or Xeroxed textbook and grade yourself. Then, correct any incorrect answers so that they are all correct. Good luck and have fun!

Practice test for Module 6: The United States

1. Match the name of the physical feature with its description.

_________ This is the main mountain range in the East. A. Great Plains

_________ This mountain range contains many jagged peaks that rise above 14,000 feet.

B. Interior Plains

_________ They are located east of the Rocky Mountains and contain vast areas of grasslands.

C. Rocky Mountains

_________ They are located west of the Appalachian Mountains and are filled with hills, lakes, and rivers.

D. Appalachian Mountains

2. Match the name of the natural danger with the name of the place where it is most likely to occur.

_________ the West A. earthquakes

_________ California B. hurricanes

_________ Pacific Northwest C. tornadoes

_________ the Atlantic and Gulf of Mexico coasts D. volcanoes

_________ the central and southeastern United States E. wildfires Page 17.

3. Which state is a major producer of gasoline?

A. Florida

B. Hawaii

C. Louisiana

D. Ohio

4. Number the events in chronological order.

__________ Settlers traveled west along the Oregon Trail.

__________ Boston and New York became major seaports.

__________ Cities in the Midwest became industrial centers.

__________ The colonists formed the first modern democracy.

5. How are all state governments similar to the federal government?

A. They have elected judges.

B. They have three branches.

C. They issue birth certificates.

D. They issue marriage licenses.

6. Which area of the country has the highest percentage of Hispanic Americans?

A. the northeastern states

B. the southeastern states

C. the northwestern states

D. the southwestern states

7. Write the letter of each region in the correct location on the map.

A. Northeast

B. Midwest

C. South

D. West

8. Which crops are mostly grown by Midwestern farmers? Choose the three correct answers.

A. corn C. cotton

B. wheat D. tobacco

D citrus fruit

E. soybeans Page 18

9. After the 9/11 attacks, what step did the U.S. government take to prevent future terrorist attacks on American soil?

A. It established the Department of Homeland Security.

B. It ordered an attack on the communist nation of Cuba.

C. It established the Federal Emergency Management Agency.

D. It ordered an attack on the Islamic State in Iraq and the Levant.

10. Name as many foods, forms of music, religions and holidays that we celebrate here in the United States of America that you can in the chart below. Don’t be surprised if you find out that there are many! You do not have to limit yourself to the information we have learned about in our textbook – use any resources you wish! Some columns will be full and others may have only a few entries; that is OK.

If you want extra credit, create a category of your own in the blank space provided for that, and include any interesting facts, events, people, places, dates, wars, and /or any other things that interested you from this chapter. Give your category a name that you have created and fill it in with what you have chosen.

FOODS FORMS OF MUSIC

RELIGIONS HOLIDAYS

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