Citation:

LR Clark, RL Kitching, PW Geier. 1979. On the scope and value of ecology. Protection Ecology 1: 223-243.

Keywords: material elements of the environment of mankind, abundance, distribution, and coexistence of populations of living organisms, how those populations, functioning in concert, contribute to the accumulation and transfer of energy and the cycling of matter, life system complex of material relationships that determine at the phenotypic level, the persistence, abundance and distribution of a

species population, ecology presents a more useful paradigm to guide management of environments for lasting benefit of people