Renewable verse Nonrenewable Resources Renewable Nonrenewable

What is a Fossil Fuel? Anything made of ____________________________ that are mined out rock and

used as an ________________________________

Types of Nonrenewable Energy Resources.• ___________________________________________________• ___________________________________________________• ___________________________________________________• ___________________________________________________• ___________________________________________________

Coal Coal is a ___________________ formed from the ________________

of organic materials (plant and animal remains) that have been

exposed to ___________________________ found in the earth.

Coal is ___________________ to produce electricity

PROS CONS

PEAT

LIGNITE ANTHRACITE

BITUMINOUS

How is Coal extracted from the Earth?

1. Surface Mining: Scoop ore off surface or earth. • ______________________• _______________________ for miners • ______________________ environmental destruction

2. Underground Mining: Use of shafts to reach deeply buried ores. • ________________________• ________________________ to miners• __________________ environmental damage

3. Mountaintop Removal: entire mountaintops are blasted off • Causes ________________ and ______________________• ___________________________ the waterways

Oil

• Deposits of crude oil containing __________________________ are often

trapped within the earth's crust

• Extracted by ____________________________

• Refined as a ____________________ product for ________________

PROS CONS

Natural Gas• Natural gas is trapped in _________________________ beneath the Earth

above _____________________________

• Mixture

• 50–90% ____________________

• Also Ethane, Propane, and Butane

PROS CONS

Uranium and Plutonium• Nuclear reactors use mined ____________________ to convert to

Plutonium through _________________ (splitting of atoms)

• Reactors can be designed to convert 238U into a fissionable isotope of

_____________________________, 239Pu

PROS CONS

Tar Sands and Oil Shales• Tar Sand is a mixture of _________________________ and

combustible _________________ (heavy oil with high sulfur content).

• Oil shales contain kerogen which can be extracted from crushed oil

shales by heating them to yield a distillate called _______________.

PROS CONS

Years left of Resources in the WorldCOAL OIL NATURAL GAS

Alternate Energy SourcesBiofuels

• Uses __________________ and _________________ to convert to a biofuel

• Types of Biomass/fuels: ___________________________________________

PROS CONS

Geothermal Energy• Energy is harnessed by tapping natural underground reservoirs of

________________ and ______________________

• _____________________________ pulled from the earth is used

directly for heating and to turn turbines to generate

__________________

PROS CONS

Hydroelectric Water is stored behind a __________________ and released

periodically by ______________________. The falling water turns

turbines which produce _______________________.

PROS CONS

Hydrogen Fuel Cells• A device that converts __________________ energy into

___________________ energy.

• Splitting __________________________ to extract the hydrogen for

energy use.

PROS CONS

Solar Energy• Uses energy from the ______________ to produce energy

PROS CONS

Passive Solar Energy Active Solar Energy

Tidal Power Uses the force of water during a ______________________ to turn a

turbine to create energy.

______________ coast: two high tides

PROS CONS

Wave Energy

The motion of wind-driven ________________________ at the

ocean’s surface is converted into electricity.

PROS CONS

Wind Energy

Uses _________________ power to turn a turbine which creates energy

In the next ___________________, wind power could meet up to

_____________ of the country’s demand for electricity

PROS CONS