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Name: _______________________________________________
Energy resources
Date:
Time: Total marks available: Total marks achieved: ______
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Questions
Q1. Water from a reservoir can be used to generate electricity on a large scale.Describe the energy transfers involved in this process.
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(Total for question = 3 marks)Q2.A coal-fired power station and a wind turbine both produce electrical power.
The power station produces 1200 MW and the wind turbine produces 1.5 MW.
(a) Give one advantage of using wind turbines instead of a coal-fired power station to produce electricity.(1)
.............................................................................................................................................. ..............................................................................................................................................(b) Coal-fired power stations are still in general use.Explain why wind turbines have not replaced them.
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Q3.The diagram shows the basic details of a steam engine used in a steam train.
(a) Coal is burned in the firebox to heat up water in the boiler.
Coal is a non-renewable fuel.Give an example of another non-renewable fuel.
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(b) The force pushes the piston so that the wheels turn and the train moves.
This process transfers chemical energy from the coal into useful kinetic energy.(i) State a type of energy that is wasted in this process.
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(ii) The Sankey diagram shows the energy transfers in the process.
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Using the diagram, calculate the efficiency of the steam train.(4)
efficiency = ...........................................................
(Total for question = 13 marks) Q4.The photograph shows solar cells on the roof of a house.
(a) State the energy transfer taking place in the solar cells.
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Q5.A company has 50 holiday homes located on the coast of an island.
The company wants to develop a renewable method of generating electricity for the homes.
They consider these three options.
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solar cells wind turbines geothermal
Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of each option.
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(Total for question = 6 marks) Q6.An energy company plans to build a new power station.
The company must decide between two renewable energy projects, a geothermal power station or a solar power station.
Explain how the location and the climate might affect the type of power station that the company chooses.
(4)location
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(Total for question = 4 marks)Q7.A wind turbine generates electricity for the National Grid.
(a) The useful energy transfer in the wind turbine is (1)
A chemical energy to electrical energy
B gravitational potential energy to electrical energy
C kinetic energy to electrical energy
D sound energy to electrical energy
Q8.The diagram shows a coal-fired power station.
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(a) (i) In which part of the power station is heat energy usefully converted to kineticenergy?
(1)
A boiler
B turbine
C generator
D wires
(ii) In which part of the power station is kinetic energy usefully converted toelectrical energy?
(1)
A boiler
B turbine
C generator
D wires
(c) Some power stations use uranium as a fuel.
Describe the problems that arise from the disposal of waste from this type of powerstation.
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(Total for question = 11 marks)Q9.The photograph shows equipment used for generating electricity from renewable sources.
(a) Complete the sentences using words from the box.
(i) The panel of solar cells transforms ............................................................................................. energy into electrical energy.
(1)(ii) The wind turbine transforms ............................................................................................. energy into electrical energy.(b) On a windy day, the wind turbine transfers 78 W of power.(i) State the equation linking power, energy transferred and time.
(1)
(ii) Calculate the amount of energy the turbine transfers in 10 s.(3)
Energy transferred = ........................................................... J
(c) The Sankey diagram shows the energy transferred by the panel of solar cells.
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Show that the efficiency of the panel of solar cells is 12%.(2)
(Total for question = 8 marks)Q10.An experimental solar updraft tower (SUT) was built in the south of Spain.
This part of Spain has little rainfall and is hot in summer months.
The SUT was used as a 50 kW electricity generator.
The diagram shows the component parts of the tower.
The cover allows visible light to pass through but traps infrared. Rows of blocks under the cover absorb thermal radiation.
(a) (i) Explain what happens to the air at A just under the cover.
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(ii) On the diagram, mark the directions of the air movements over the blocks of material and through the turbine.
(2)(iii) State the name of this effect.
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(b) (i) Complete the energy transfer diagram for a SUT.
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(ii) Describe how a SUT can be used to generate electricity.(2)
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(c) (i) Suggest why the SUT generates most electricity during daylight hours.
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(ii) Suggest why there are blocks of material that absorb thermal radiation in the SUT.(1)
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(iii) Suggest an alternative to these blocks that would improve the total energy output of the SUT.(1)
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(Total for question = 13 marks) Q11.(a) Wind turbines are used to generate electricity.
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What is the useful energy transfer in a wind turbine?(1)
A chemical to kinetic B electrical to kinetic C kinetic to chemical D kinetic to electrical
(b) Wind turbines use a renewable energy resource to generate electricity.
State two other methods of generating electricity using renewable energy resources.(2)
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(c) Modern wind turbines operate with an efficiency of 30%.
(i) State a type of energy that is wasted by the wind turbine.(1)
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(ii) Draw a labelled Sankey diagram for a modern wind turbine.(3)
(Total for question = 7 marks) Q12.(a) The diagram shows stages in electricity generation at a nuclear power station.
Describe the energy transfers that take place in this power station.(4)
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(b) Which of these types of power station uses gravitational potential energy to generate electricity?
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A wind farm
B geothermal power station
C hydroelectric power station
D coal-fired power station(c) Which of these types of power station transfers thermal energy to generate electricity?
(1)
A coal-fired power station
B solar farm
C hydroelectric power station
D wind farm
(d) A power station needs an input of 188 J each second to operate a single 60 W lamp in a house.
The Sankey diagram shows what happens to the input energy at each stage.
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(i) Which of these is the main form of energy wasted in the lamp?(1)
A sound B thermal C electrical D light
(ii) State the relationship between efficiency, useful energy output and total energy input.(1)
(iii) Calculate the overall efficiency from power station input to lamp.(2)
efficiency = ...........................................................
(Total for question = 10 marks) Q13.(a) The table lists some energy sources.
Put ticks in boxes to show which energy sources are non-renewable.(3)
(b) Give an advantage and a disadvantage of using fossil fuels to generate electricity.
(2)advantage
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disadvantage
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(Total for question = 5 marks) Q14.Some energy sources are renewable and other energy sources are non-renewable.
(a) (i) Explain what is meant by the term non-renewable.(1)
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(ii) Give an example of a non-renewable energy source.(1)
..............................................................................................................................................(b) The photograph shows a wind farm that generates electricity for the National Grid.
(i) Some wind farms are in remote areas.Explain how the electrical energy from a remote wind farm is transmitted tolarge cities.
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..............................................................................................................................................(ii) Some people think that wind farms are a good idea.Others disagree.Discuss the advantages and disadvantages of building more wind farms.
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(Total for question = 11 marks)Q15.
(i) Complete the chart below to show the main useful energy transfers in a nuclearpower station.
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Q16.The table gives information about some ways to generate electrical power.
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An electricity supply company has enough power stations to cover the normal demand for electricity but not enough for cold conditions.
On cold days the demand for electrical power can suddenly increase by 20 000 MW.
The company needs to build new power stations to meet this increased demand.
Using only information in the table, evaluate which types of power station would be the most suitable to meet this increased demand.
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(Total for question = 5 marks) Q16.The diagram shows a type of power station used to generate electricity.
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(a) (i) What type of renewable resource does this power station use?
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(ii) Name another renewable resource.(1)
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(b) Cold water is pumped down into the hot, dry rock.
Describe the energy transfers at each stage of electricity generation from this resource.(4)
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(Total for question = 6 marks) Q17.Table 1 lists some disadvantages associated with different types of power station in the UK.
Table 1
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Complete table 2 by placing one tick ( ) in each row to show the type of each power station.
(4)Table 2
(Total for question = 4 marks)18.
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19.
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(i) The power station burns a fossil fuel in the furnace. Give an example of a fossil fuel.(1)
........................................................................................................................................................................ (ii) Which stage of the power station transfers energy from a chemical store to a thermal store?(1) A condenser B furnace and boiler C generator D turbines (iii) Which stage of the power station transfers energy electrically from a kinetic energy store?(1)
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