YTU2015-2016 ACADEMIC YEAR FALL SEMESTER

MDB1031 ADVANCED ENGLISH I2nd MIDTERM REVISION

A. Complete the sentences with the BEST word from the table. Two words are EXTRA . (includes weeks 9, 10)

flexible (adj) gain (v) manufacture (n)

prevent (v) willing (adj) innovation (n)

hire (v) participation (n)

prosperity n) promoted (v) effective (adj) comfortable (adj)

blamed (v) task (n) salaries (n)

1. The press said that Japanese automobile company Nissan will manufacture motor vehicles in

Myanmar at a full production rate of over 10,000 units per year.

2. If you want to hire the right employee, you should develop job description first. The job description will

definitely assist you to plan your recruiting strategy for employing the right person

3. There were not many people at yesterday’s meeting to protest the new law. In fact, there were only a

few protesters. Everyone expected a huge participation to make the authorites change their mind.

4. With the new computer software we installed two weeks ago, all the work has been effective in the

company. People work much faster thanks to the new program.

5. Certain employees have the right to request flexible working arrangements which can be changed

when necessary. Employers can only refuse these requests on reasonable business grounds.

6. One needs to have financial freedom first in order to gain control of his/her life. It also makes one to

obtain confidence.

7. You may be able to prevent most respiratory infections by taking some simple precautions. For

example, you can avoid infections by just keeping your hands away from unsterile surfaces.

8. The manager of the company blamed his secretary for the failure, but he was as guilty as her; because

he didn’t take necessary precautions.

9. A local newspaper made a survey among citizens of the city, which showed that 90 % of them wanted

the government to increase the level of prosperity by creating new job opportunities. They want to be

wealthier and have a higher standard of living.

10. You should have some specific abilities if you want to work for a big company. One of them is to be

able to finish a(n) task given to you on time. Finishing the work on time is very important for success.

11. Most of the people who work for the state complain that they earn very small salaries. They say that

the amount of money they get is not enough for their living, especially in big cities.

12. At this time of year, air tickets can be really expensive, but if you are willing to fly at night, you can find

a much cheaper ticket. Those who do not want to pay much generally choose this option.

13. The prime ministers of Taiwan and England met in a very important meeting and promoted trade

between Taiwan and the England.

Journalism

[1] Journalism comes in many forms such as newspapers, magazines, television, wire services, computer networks and photographs. The word journal comes from the Latin word diurnus, meaning belonging to the day. A journalist then would mean the person who reports news day to day. The journalist could be a reporter, writer, editor, photographer, commentator or the person who keeps a journal or diary of the day’s events. Many people depend on journalists to keep up to date on their local, community, state and country or worldly events.

[2] Modern methods of getting the news out usually come from the broadcast media, that is, the television, radio, satellite, or wire service. Broadcasts can interrupt the regular scheduled programming to give news or weather updates as the event is actually happening. The news mediums use sound and pictures on a television broadcast that leave us with a lasting impression. Documentaries from past historical events that carry actual footage of the events can leave us with a permanent memory such as a nuclear explosion, the shuttle exploding or scenes of brutalities from around the world. The local news can have crews on location within minutes broadcasting live events while they are actually happening such as hostage situations, robberies or fires.

[3] The print media can give perhaps the greatest in depth without actually seeing the event. Newspapers and other printed media, including books, can give information background because there is more time and space to give descriptions and meanings. Some printed materials such as magazines are designed for certain topics such as sports, food, clothes, men, women, teens, children, gardening, building, and many numerous topics. Usually you can purchase these at newsstands or can order a subscription by mail.

[4] One of the primary roles of the journalist is to give fair, accurate and unbiased opinions of the events as they unfold. Many times the only way something is brought to the attention of the public is through investigative reporting or actual on the scene

reporting. Journalists are often referred to as the

eyes and ears of the citizens. Often, the journalist is called upon to interpret the news as it is happening such as a news conference, public event or a court proceeding. The downfall of President Nixon by reporters who investigated the Watergate break-in is an example of the power of the press.

[5] Another role of the journalist is to give us humour or entertain us. Political cartoons with the satires, human-interest stories, commentaries with witty statements on the subject being written about, can amuse us as we read the paper in the morning. The comics in the paper have quite a following. Crossword puzzles and other daily articles are the main reasons some people keep reading the papers. 

[6] Freedom of the press is a basic liberty in America. Most democratic governments allow journalists the right to express themselves. With a privilege, comes responsibility of these rights. How far should a journalist go to get a story, without infringing or invading the privacy and rights of others? Who decides what is printable or appropriate to go to press? Lawsuits against these types of tabloids are becoming common place.

[7] Problems in freedom of the press can make it difficult to give an accurate reporting of stories. A woman is raped, a juvenile because of his age does not have his name given, or the source of an investigation doesn’t want to be identified. Protecting the sources is a duty of the journalist. Witnesses in crime would be harmed if their identities were revealed. Some reporters have gone to jail, rather than tell their sources. The right of the press to be present has been upheld in court cases. The press has even got to invasions such as Somali, as the occupancy was starting to take place. The television and photographers in the courtroom is still a controversial issue.

[8] The future of journalism is limitless because of the rapid advances in technology. Hopefully the print media, such as newspapers and books, will

continue to be used. These are cheap and easy to carry with a person. The electronic medium like CD-ROMs, is an increasing avenue to the information era. The multimedia technologies, mixing text, sound, and images could possibly be the wave of the future.

B. Scan the text for specific information to complete the following sentences. Fill in the blanks with ONLY ONE WORD from the text.

1. Audiovisual technology on television leaves us with a lasting impression.2. Some people buy newspapers for crossword puzzles and daily articles.3. Where to stop or what to write are the questions related to freedom of the press.4. The basic duty of a journalist is to protect its source.5. The print media, such as newspapers and books will be used in the future because they are cheap, and

people can carry them anywhere.

C. Choose the BEST option to answer the following questions.

1. According to paragraph 2, the broadcast media is a type of media that is __________.

a) a modern method of gathering newsb) interrupted by the regular scheduled programming c) aired mostly over television and radio stationsd) audiovisual materials that present information

2. According to paragraph 3, one of the advantages of newspapers is __________.

a) people are influenced by what they read rather than what they watchb) being inexpensive and reachable as a result of a well-oiled distribution networkc) they are far more reliable and accurate than the other sourcesd) they can provide detailed information on events due to having more space and time

3. Which of the following is the role of the journalists?

a) They well-research, write with reliable sources and edit for accuracy.b) They specialize in particular topics like sports, food, clothes, gardening and more.c) They focus on local news which draws interest of public.d) They uncover their sources when necessary for security purposes.

4. According to paragraph 7, it is not easy to give an accurate reporting of stories for journalists because __________.

a) only democratic governments allow them to write explicitlyb) they avoid imposing bias and cultural values on othersc) they respect the privacy of individuals and protect the source of informationd) they may miss some information as a result of long working hours

5. It can be understood from the text that the future of journalism depends on __________.

a) finding new, creative ways of amusing peopleb) the advancement of multimedia technologyc) the skills and talents of the next generation of reportersd) committed, dedicated and idealistic writers

D. Match the words extracted from the passage in the left column with their definition in the right column. One of the words is EXTRA.

1. reveal __3___ a) clever and funny2. unbiased __1___ b) make known, expose3. witty __5___ c) definition4. era __2___ d) objective5. description __4___ e) age6. appropriate

E. Match each description (1-10) with the most appropriate graph (a-h):

1. Sales of audio cassettes fell steadily. g a.

2. iPod sales rose gradually. c b.

3. Plasma TV sales fluctuated wildly, but the trend was upward. d c.

4. Sales of video cassettes fluctuated wildly and the trend was downward. a

d.

5. Total digital camera sales dropped slightly. b e.

6. Sales of audio cassettes fell and then levelled off. h f.

7. The sales of MP3-players rose gradually and then climbed sharply. f g.

8. Purchases of video cassette recorders declined dramatically. e h.

9. Sales of games consoles decreased and then levelled off. h

10. CD sales dropped suddenly. e

F. Write sentences describing the pie chart using the words / phrases in the box.

Just over a third of cinema visitors are between 25 and 39Almost 25 percent of cinema visitors are young people aged 13 to 24 years old.Just under a quarter of people who visit the cinema are between 13 and 24 years old.Nearly a third of people who visit the cinema are over 55 years old.

G. Look at the pie charts and decide if the sentences below are true or false. Write T (true) or F (false).

1. The pie charts show how many people watched films in 1992 and 2008. F - The pie charts show how many people watched films in different formats in 1992 and 2008

2. The pie charts show the proportion of films watched on different formats in 1992 and 2008. T3. More people watched films on television in 2008 than in 1992. F - Fewer people watched films on

television in 2008 than in 1992. / More people watched films on television in 1992 than in 2008.4. In 1992 nearly a third of films were watched on video but this amount decreased to about two per cent

in 2008. T5. The proportion of people watching films at the cinema was about the same in 1992 and 2008. T6. There was a slight increase in the number of people watching films on DVD from 1992 to 2008. F

There was a large increase in the number of people watching films on DVD from 1992 to 2008.7. In 1992 no one used the Internet to watch films but in 2008 people used the Internet to watch a

quarter of the total films. T8. In 2008 approximately half the films were watched using two formats: cinema and the Internet. T9. From 1992 to 2008 the number of people watching films on television decreased by just over 25 per

cent. F - From 1992 to 2008 the number of people watching films on television decreased by just over 50 per cent.

10. From 1992 to 2008 the number of people watching films on television decreased to approximately half. T

H. Rewrite the following sentences as in the examples:

The consumption of chocolate fell steadily. (verb + adv.)

There was a steady fall in the consumption of chocolate. (there was a/an + adj. + noun)

There has been a dramatic rise in the production of films. (there has been a/an + adj. + noun)

The production of films has risen dramatically. (verb + adv.)

1. Spice exports from Africa fluctuated wildly over the period.

There were wild fluctuations in spice exports from Africa over the period.2. The development of new products fell gradually.

There was a gradual fall in the development of new products.3. There has been a noticeable decrease in research investment.

Research investment has decreased noticeably.4. The purchases of tickets dropped significantly last month.

There was a significant drop in the purchases of tickets last month.5. On the Internet, the number of sites rose significantly.

There was a significant rise in the number of sites on the Internet.6. There was a sudden decrease in the sale of bananas.

The sale of bananas decreased suddenly.7. At the theme park, there were very slight fluctuations in the number of visitors.

The number of visitors at the theme park fluctuated very slightly.8. There was a gradual decline in sugar imports.

Sugar imports declined gradually.9. The quality of food in supermarkets has increased slowly.

There has been a slow increase in the quality of food in supermarkets.10. The number of air travellers fluctuated remarkably.

There was a remarkable fluctuation in the number of air travellers.

I. The graph below compares the number of visits to two new music sites on the web. Write appropriate sentences describing the graph below. Use the verbs and adverbs in the box and the prompts.

VERBS ADVERBS

go up drop level off peak rise fall

dramatically sharply steadily gradually slightly

1. DAY 2-3 (Music Choice)

Between days 2 and 3, the number of visits to Music Choice goes up steadily.2. DAY 9-11(Pop Parade)

Between days 9 and 11 the number of visits to Pop Parade rises dramatically.3. DAY 14-15 (Music Choice)

Between days 14 and 15 the number of visits to Music Choice drops sharply.4. DAY 1-3 (Pop Parade)

Between days 1 and 3 the number of visits to Pop Parade levels off slightly.5. DAY 3-5 (Pop Parade)

Between days 3 and 5, the number of visits to Pop Parade falls gradually.

Music choice

Pop Parade

b) Rewrite your sentences above using an adjective + noun as in the example:

There is a sharp increase in the number of people using the internet.

1. There is a steady rise in the number of visits to Music Choice.

2. There is a dramatic rise in the number of visits to Pop Parade.

3. There is a sharp drop in the number of visits to Music Choice.

4. There is almost no change in the number of visits to Pop Parade.

5. There is a gradual fall in the number of visits to Pop Parade.

J. The graph below compares the changes in the birth rates of China and the USA between 1920 and

2000. Examine the chart and read the introduction paragraph, then write a body paragraph s ummarizing the information by selecting and reporting the main features and make comparisons where

relevant. Write at least 150 words.

The graph demonstrates some striking similarities between the Chinese and the US birth rates from 1920 to 2000. Both countries experienced considerable fluctuations in the similar period with a fall during the 1940s and a peak during the 1950s.

The birth rates in China rose from 10% in 1920 to 15% in 1935. Later, the figure plunged to 5% in the 1940s and reached a peak of 20% in 1950. Next, the fertility rate dropped sharply to 8% in the following five years. Finally, the figure declined gradually to 3% during the latter half of the century. Meanwhile, the US had similar birth rate of 12% to that of China in 1920. The figure fluctuated between 12% and 14% during 1920s and 1930s until it dropped to 4% in 1945. Five years later, the birth rate reached a peak at 15% in 1950 but it made a steady fall to the final figure of around 7% in 2000.