download.lww.comdownload.lww.com/.../permalink/brs/a/brs_2014_10_2… · web view75.mastronardi...

Cervical Disc Disease Cost-Effectiveness Analysis

Supplementary Tables:

Table S1: Clinical Series Used in the Analysis

1st AuthorYear

Published# of cases operated

Study type Procedure Notes

Abd-Alrahman N11999 50 NRC Auto1999 40 NRC ACD

Acikbas CS2 2010 32 Ret ACDAnderson P3 2008 . RCT Allo, CDR See Bryan discBalabhadra RS4 2004 98 Ret Allo

Bärlocher CB5

2002 30 RCT Auto2002 36 RCT Spacer2002 33 RCT ACD

Bertagnoli R6 2005 27 Ret CDRBertalanffy H7 1988 450 Ret ACD

Bhadra AK8

2009 15 NRC Auto2009 30 NRC Spacer2009 15 NRC CDR

Bishop RC91996 60 NRC Auto1996 32 NRC Allo

Brenke C10 2012 22 RCT CDRBrigham CD11 1995 43 Ret AutoBrooke NS12 1997 19 Ret Auto

Bryan disc FDA exemption trial .

221 RCT Allo See Heller JG 2009, Anderson PA 2008, Sasso RC 2011242 RCT CDR

Burkus132010 265 RCT Allo2010 276 RCT CDR

Cao JM14 2011 29 RCT CDRCappelletto B15 2013 84 NRC CDRChen F16 2013 31 Ret CDRChen JF17 2005 63 Ret SpacerChung SB18 2012 29 RCT CDRCinotti G19 1996 46 Ret CDR

Coric D202011 133 RCT Allo2011 136 RCT CDR

Cuatico W 198121 81 Ret ACDDan NG22 1998 476 Ret ACDDavis23 2013 . RCT Auto, CDR See Mobi-Cde Tribolet N24 1981 17 Ret ACDDebusscher F25 2009 20 Pro Spacer

1

1

2


Delamarter RB26 2013 239 RCT CDRDing C27 2012 32 Ret CDRDonaldson JW28 2002 64 Ret ACD

Dowd GC291999 44 RCT ACD,1999 40 RCT ACDF

Duggal N30 2004 26 Pro CDREnan A31 2011 14 Pro CDRErickson M32 2007 56 Pro AutoFaldini C33 2011 25 Ret SpacerFeiz-Erfan I34 2007 21 Pro AlloFengbin Y35 2013 58 Ret SpacerFernández-Fairen M36

2012 33 NRC Auto2012 28 NRC Spacer

Frempong-Boadu A37 2002 23 Pro AlloGaetani P38 1995 139 Ret ACDGhahreman A39 2009 55 Pro AutoGoffin J40 2010 98 Ret CDRGoldberg EJ41 2002 30 Ret AutoGrob D42 2010 73 Pro CDRGuérin P43 2012 40 Ret CDRHacker FM44 2013 94 Ret CDR

Hacker RJ452005 119 RCT Auto2005 271 RCT Spacer

Haden N46 2005 105 NRC ACD

Hauerberg J472008 40 RCT Spacer2008 46 RCT ACD

Heidecke V48 2008 54 Pro CDRHeller JG49 2009 . RCT Allo, CDR See Bryan discHuppert J50 2011 231 Pro CDRHusag L51 1997 240 NRC ACDJensen WK52 2009 91 Ret AlloKaiser MG53 2002 251 Ret AlloKasliwal MK54 2014 35 Ret SpacerKepler CK55 2010 20 Ret Spacer

Kesman T562012 22 RCT CDR2012 22 RCT ACDF

Kim SH57 2007 23 Ret CDR

Kim SJ582014 48 NRC Auto2014 48 NRC Spacer

Lafuente J59 2005 46 Pro CDR

2


Lee JH60 2010 48 Ret CDRLi J61 2013 55 Pro CDRLi Y62 2013 23 Pro SpacerLied B63 2008 240 Pro AutoLieu A64 1998 42 Ret ACDLin CN65 2003 34 Ret Spacer

Lind BI662007 12 RCT Auto2007 12 RCT Spacer

Löfgren H672000 15 NRC Auto2000 14 NRC Allo

López-Oliva Muñoz F68 1998 34 Ret AutoLunsford LD69 1980 128 Ret ACD

Maldonado CV702011 85 NRC Spacer2011 85 NRC CDR

Malham G71 2013 24 Pro CDRMartin GJ Jr72 1999 317 Ret AlloMartino V73 1997 40 NRC ACD

Marzluff J742010 148 RCT Allo2010 151 RCT CDR

Mastronardi L75 2006 36 Ret SpacerMatge G76 2002 250 Ret SpacerMaurice-Williams RS77 1999 80 Ret ACD

McAfee PC782010 100 RCT Allo2010 151 RCT CDR

Mehren C79 2006 54 Ret CDRMiao J80 2013 79 Pro CDRMobi-C device FDA exemption trial

164 RCT CDRSee Singh K 2012; Davis RJ 201381 RCT Auto

Moreland DB812004 28 NRC Allo2004 37 NRC Spacer

Mummaneni82 2007 . RCT Allo, CDR See Prestige discMurrey83 2009 . RCT Auto, CDR See ProDisc

Nabhan A842007 21 RCT Spacer2007 20 RCT CDR

Nabhan A85 2009 40 RCTACDF

w/wo plateNanda A86 2013 1026 Ret AlloNandoe Tewarie RDS87 2007 456 Ret ACD

3


Niu CC88 2010 53 Pro Spacer

Nunley PD89 2012 173 RCTACDF, CDR

Review of multiple RCTs

Nunley PD90 2013 763 RCTACDF, CDR

Review of multiple RCTs

Oktenoglu T91 2007 20 NRC ACDPalma L92 2010 110 Ret ACDPan HC93 2007 21 Ret AutoPark HW94 2009 31 Pro SpacerPark MS95 2004 26 Ret Allo

Park SB962012 18 NRC Spacer2012 15 NRC CDR

Payer M972006 12 NRC Auto2006 24 NRC Spacer

Peng CW98 2011 40 Pro CDR

Peolsson A992007 46 RCT Auto2007 49 RCT Spacer

Pettine KA1002010 31 RCT Allo2010 30 RCT CDR

Phillips FM1012013 185 RCT Allo2013 218 RCT CDR

Pickett GE102 2006 74 Pro CDRPimenta L103 2007 71 Pro CDRPitzen TR104 2009 132 Pro AutoPointillart V105 1995 68 Ret ACD

Porchet F1062004 28 RCT Auto2004 27 RCT CDR

Prestige disc FDA exemption trial

265 RCT Allo See Mummaneni PV 2007, Burkus JK 2010276 RCT CDR

ProDisc FDA exemption trial

106 RCT Auto See Murrey D 2009, Delamarter RB 2013103 RCT CDR

Profeta G1072000 58 NRC Auto2000 62 NRC Spacer

Quan GM108 2011 21 Pro CDRRao PJ109 2008 38 Ret ACDRen X110 2011 45 Pro CDR

Riina J1112008 9 RCT Allo2008 10 RCT CDR

Robertson JT112 1980 135 NRC ACDRobertson JT113 2005 158 NRC Spacer

4


2005 74 NRC CDRRohe SM114 2009 54 Pro Spacer

Rollinghoff M1152012 23 NRC Spacer2012 19 NRC CDR

Ruetten S116 2009 103 Pro AutoRyu KS117 2010 36 Pro CDR

Sasso RC1182011 138 RCT Allo2011 181 RCT CDR

Savolainen S1191998 91 RCT Auto1998 31 RCT ACD

Schluessmann E120 2010 691 Pro CDR121 2006 54 Ret SpacerSekerci Z122 2006 20 Pro SpacerSekhon LH123 2004 11 Ret CDRShad A124 2005 22 Pro Spacer

Shapiro S1252001 111 NRC Auto2001 142 NRC Allo

Shim CS126 2006 61 Ret CDRSingh127 2012 . Ret Auto, CDR See Mobi-C

Song KJ1282006 41 NRC Auto2006 19 NRC Spacer

Song KJ129 2010 41 Pro SpacerSuchomel P130 2010 54 Ret CDR

Thorell W1311998 235 Ret Auto1998 290 Ret ACD

Tian W132 2010 50 Pro CDRTrahan J133 2011 38 Ret AlloTu TH134 2012 75 Ret CDRTüreyen K135 2003 43 Ret SpacerTzaan W136 2011 94 Pro ACD

Vaccaro A1372013 140 RCT Allo2013 240 RCT CDR

Walraevens J138 2010 87 Pro CDRWang MY139 2005 20 Ret AutoWang X140 2009 64 Ret SpacerWatters WC141 1994 62 Ret ACDWhite BD142 2005 87 Ret ACD

Wirth FP1432000 25 RCT ACD2000 25 RCT Auto

Wu JC144 2012 42 Ret CDRXie J145 2007 15 RCT ACD

5


2007 27 RCT alloYamamoto I146 1991 55 Ret ACDYang S147 2008 19 Pro CDRYang YC148 2009 15 Ret CDRYoon DH149 2006 46 Ret CDRYue WM150 2003 15 Ret Allo

Zagra A1512013 24 Ret Auto2013 62 Ret Spacer

Zevgaridis D1522002 18 NRC Auto2002 18 NRC Spacer

Zhang X1532012 53 RCT Allo2012 56 RCT CDR

Zhang Z154 2014 66 Pro CDRZhao YB155 2010 22 Ret CDRZoëga B156 1998 27 Pro Auto

Abbreviations: Study types – NRC = non-randomized case-control trial; Pro = observational with

prospective data collection; RCT = randomized, controlled trial; Ret = retrospective data

collection; Procedures – ACD = anterior cervical discectomy without fusion; Allo = anterior

cervical discectomy with allograft fusion; Auto = anterior cervical discectomy with autograft

fusion; CDR = cervical disc replacement; Spacer = anterior cervical discectomy with fusion

using a cage or other spacer device

6

3

4

5

6

7

8


Table S2: Total* Expected Costs Associated with Different Surgeries and Outcomes

Mean ($US) SDFirst Operation

AutograftAverage case 18,948 298No complications 17,916 -Complications 24,548 -

AllograftAverage case 18,493 238No complications 18,197 -Complications 24,548 -

SpacerAverage case 18,068 226No complications 17,802 -Complications 24,434 -

CDRAverage case 19,218 278No complications 18,940 -Complications 24,447 -

ACDAverage case 16,030 217No complications 15,722 -Complications 22,354 -

Reoperation, adjacent level (includes those with and without complications)

Costs added to those of first operation

CDR – same as 1st CDR operation 19,218 278All others – same as 1st allograft operation 18,493 238

Reoperation, same level (includes additional surgeon-related costs related to reversing/revising 1st

procedure)

Costs added to those of first operation

CDR 2007 151All others 2889 177

* = surgeon-, facility-, implant- and outpatient follow-up-related costs; - = not calculated

Abbreviations: CDR = cervical disc replacement; ACD = anterior cervical discectomy without

fusion

7

9

10

11

12


Table S1 References:

1. Abd-Alrahman N, Dokmak AS, Abou-Madawi A. Anterior cervical discectomy (ACD)

versus anterior cervical fusion (ACF), clinical and radiological outcome study. Acta

neurochirurgica. 1999;141(10):1089-1092.

2. Acikbas SC, Ermol C, Akyuz M, Tuncer R. Assessment of adjacent segment

degeneration in and between patients treated with anterior or posterior cervical simple

discectomy. Turkish neurosurgery. Jul 2010;20(3):334-340.

3. Anderson PA, Sasso RC, Riew KD. Comparison of adverse events between the Bryan

artificial cervical disc and anterior cervical arthrodesis. Spine. May 20 2008;33(12):1305-

1312.

4. Balabhadra RS, Kim DH, Zhang HY. Anterior cervical fusion using dense cancellous

allografts and dynamic plating. Neurosurgery. Jun 2004;54(6):1405-1411; discussion

1411-1402.

5. Bärlocher CB, Barth A, Krauss JK, Binggeli R, Seiler RW. Comparative evaluation of

microdiscectomy only, autograft fusion, polymethylmethacrylate interposition, and

threaded titanium cage fusion for treatment of single-level cervical disc disease: a

prospective randomized study in 125 patients. Neurosurgical focus. Jan 15

2002;12(1):E4.

6. Bertagnoli R, Duggal N, Pickett GE, et al. Cervical total disc replacement, part two:

clinical results. The Orthopedic clinics of North America. 2005;36(3):355-362.

7. Bertalanffy H, Eggert HR. Clinical long-term results of anterior discectomy without

fusion for treatment of cervical radiculopathy and myelopathy. A follow-up of 164 cases.

Acta neurochirurgica. 1988;90(3-4):127-135.

8

13

14

15

16

17

18

19

20

21

22

23

24

25

26

27

28

29

30

31

32

33

34

35


8. Bhadra AK, Raman AS, Casey AT, Crawford RJ. Single-level cervical radiculopathy:

clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness of four techniques of anterior cervical discectomy

and fusion and disc arthroplasty. European spine journal : official publication of the

European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European

Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Feb 2009;18(2):232-237.

9. Bishop RC, Moore KA, Hadley MN. Anterior cervical interbody fusion using autogeneic

and allogeneic bone graft substrate: a prospective comparative analysis. Journal of

neurosurgery. Aug 1996;85(2):206-210.

10. Brenke C, Scharf J, Schmieder K, Barth M. High prevalence of heterotopic ossification

after cervical disc arthroplasty: outcome and intraoperative findings following

explantation of 22 cervical disc prostheses. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Aug

2012;17(2):141-146.

11. Brigham CD, Tsahakis PJ. Anterior cervical foraminotomy and fusion. Surgical

technique and results. Spine. Apr 1 1995;20(7):766-770.

12. Brooke NS, Rorke AW, King AT, Gullan RW. Preliminary experience of carbon fibre

cage prostheses for treatment of cervical spine disorders. British journal of neurosurgery.

Jun 1997;11(3):221-227.

13. Burkus JK, Haid RW, Traynelis VC, Mummaneni PV. Long-term clinical and

radiographic outcomes of cervical disc replacement with the Prestige disc: results from a

prospective randomized controlled clinical trial. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Sep

2010;13(3):308-318.

9

36

37

38

39

40

41

42

43

44

45

46

47

48

49

50

51

52

53

54

55

56


14. Cao JM, Zhang YZ, Shen Y, et al. Clinical and radiological outcomes of modified

techniques in Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official

journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Oct 2011;18(10):1308-1312.

15. Cappelletto B, Giorgiutti F, Veltri C, Trevigne MA, Facchin P, Del Fabro P. Disc

prosthesis replacement and interbody fusion in the treatment of degenerative cervical disc

disease: comparative analysis of 176 consecutive cases. European spine journal : official

publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and

the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Nov 2013;22 Suppl

6:S894-899.

16. Chen F, Yang J, Ni B, Guo Q, Lu X, Xie N. Clinical and radiological follow-up of single-

level Prestige LP cervical disc replacement. Archives of orthopaedic and trauma surgery.

Apr 2013;133(4):473-480.

17. Chen JF, Wu CT, Lee SC, Lee ST. Use of a polymethylmethacrylate cervical cage in the

treatment of single-level cervical disc disease. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Jul

2005;3(1):24-28.

18. Chung SB, Muradov JM, Lee SH, Eoh W, Kim ES. Uncovertebral hypertrophy is a

significant risk factor for the occurrence of heterotopic ossification after cervical disc

replacement: survivorship analysis of Bryan disc for single-level cervical arthroplasty.

Acta neurochirurgica. Jun 2012;154(6):1017-1022.

19. Cinotti G, David T, Postacchini F. Results of disc prosthesis after a minimum follow-up

period of 2 years. Spine. Apr 15 1996;21(8):995-1000.

20. Coric D, Nunley PD, Guyer RD, et al. Prospective, randomized, multicenter study of

cervical arthroplasty: 269 patients from the Kineflex|C artificial disc investigational

10

57

58

59

60

61

62

63

64

65

66

67

68

69

70

71

72

73

74

75

76

77

78

79


device exemption study with a minimum 2-year follow-up: clinical article. Journal of

neurosurgery. Spine. Oct 2011;15(4):348-358.

21. Cuatico W. Anterior cervical discectomy without interbody fusion: an analysis of 81

cases. Acta neurochirurgica. 1981;57(3-4):269-274.

22. Dan NG. Anterior cervical graftless fusion for soft disc protrusion. A review of 509 disc

excisions in 476 patients. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the

Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Apr 1998;5(2):172-177.

23. Davis RJ, Kim KD, Hisey MS, et al. Cervical total disc replacement with the Mobi-C

cervical artificial disc compared with anterior discectomy and fusion for treatment of 2-

level symptomatic degenerative disc disease: a prospective, randomized, controlled

multicenter clinical trial: clinical article. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Nov

2013;19(5):532-545.

24. de Tribolet N, Zander E. Anterior discectomy without fusion for the treatment of ruptured

cervical discs. Journal of neurosurgical sciences. Jul-Dec 1981;25(3-4):217-220.

25. Debusscher F, Aunoble S, Alsawad Y, Clement D, Le Huec JC. Anterior cervical fusion

with a bio-resorbable composite cage (beta TCP-PLLA): clinical and radiological results

from a prospective study on 20 patients. European spine journal : official publication of

the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European

Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Sep 2009;18(9):1314-1320.

26. Delamarter RB, Zigler J. Five-year reoperation rates, cervical total disc replacement

versus fusion, results of a prospective randomized clinical trial. Spine. Apr 20

2013;38(9):711-717.

11

80

81

82

83

84

85

86

87

88

89

90

91

92

93

94

95

96

97

98

99

100

101


27. Ding D, Shaffrey ME. Cervical disk arthroplasty: patient selection. Clinical

neurosurgery. 2012;59:91-97.

28. Donaldson JW, Nelson PB. Anterior cervical discectomy without interbody fusion.

Surgical neurology. Apr 2002;57(4):219-224; discussion 224-215.

29. Dowd GC, Wirth FP. Anterior cervical discectomy: is fusion necessary? Journal of

neurosurgery. Jan 1999;90(1 Suppl):8-12.

30. Duggal N, Pickett GE, Mitsis DK, Keller JL. Early clinical and biomechanical results

following cervical arthroplasty. Neurosurgical focus. Sep 15 2004;17(3):E9.

31. Enan A, Abu-Hegazy M, Abo-Hegy M, Al-Kerdany A. Single level cervical arthroplasty

with the Discocerv prosthesis: a preliminary report. Acta orthopaedica Belgica. Apr

2011;77(2):224-229.

32. Erickson M, Fites BS, Thieken MT, McGee AW. Outpatient anterior cervical discectomy

and fusion. Am J Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). Aug 2007;36(8):429-432.

33. Faldini C, Chehrassan M, Miscione MT, et al. Single-level anterior cervical discectomy

and interbody fusion using PEEK anatomical cervical cage and allograft bone. Journal of

orthopaedics and traumatology : official journal of the Italian Society of Orthopaedics

and Traumatology. Dec 2011;12(4):201-205.

34. Feiz-Erfan I, Harrigan M, Sonntag VK, Harrington TR. Effect of autologous platelet gel

on early and late graft fusion in anterior cervical spine surgery. Journal of neurosurgery.

Spine. Nov 2007;7(5):496-502.

35. Fengbin Y, Jinhao M, Xinyuan L, Xinwei W, Yu C, Deyu C. Evaluation of a new type of

titanium mesh cage versus the traditional titanium mesh cage for single-level, anterior

cervical corpectomy and fusion. European spine journal : official publication of the

12

102

103

104

105

106

107

108

109

110

111

112

113

114

115

116

117

118

119

120

121

122

123

124



Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Dec 2013;22(12):2891-2896.

36. Fernandez-Fairen M, Murcia A, Torres A, Hernandez-Vaquero D, Menzie AM. Is

anterior cervical fusion with a porous tantalum implant a cost-effective method to treat

cervical disc disease with radiculopathy? Spine. Sep 15 2012;37(20):1734-1741.

37. Frempong-Boadu A, Houten JK, Osborn B, et al. Swallowing and speech dysfunction in

patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: a prospective, objective

preoperative and postoperative assessment. Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Oct

2002;15(5):362-368.

38. Gaetani P, Tancioni F, Spanu G, Rodriguez y Baena R. Anterior cervical discectomy: an

analysis on clinical long-term results in 153 cases. Journal of neurosurgical sciences.

Dec 1995;39(4):211-218.

39. Ghahreman A, Rao PJ, Ferch RD. Dynamic plates in anterior cervical fusion surgery:

graft settling and cervical alignment. Spine. Jul 1 2009;34(15):1567-1571.

40. Goffin J, van Loon J, Van Calenbergh F, Lipscomb B. A clinical analysis of 4- and 6-

year follow-up results after cervical disc replacement surgery using the Bryan Cervical

Disc Prosthesis. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Mar 2010;12(3):261-269.

41. Goldberg EJ, Singh K, Van U, Garretson R, An HS. Comparing outcomes of anterior

cervical discectomy and fusion in workman's versus non-workman's compensation

population. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society.

Nov-Dec 2002;2(6):408-414.

42. Grob D, Porchet F, Kleinstuck FS, et al. A comparison of outcomes of cervical disc

arthroplasty and fusion in everyday clinical practice: surgical and methodological

13

125

126

127

128

129

130

131

132

133

134

135

136

137

138

139

140

141

142

143

144

145

146

147


aspects. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the

European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine

Research Society. Feb 2010;19(2):297-306.

43. Guerin P, Obeid I, Gille O, et al. Sagittal alignment after single cervical disc arthroplasty.

Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Feb 2012;25(1):10-16.

44. Hacker FM, Babcock RM, Hacker RJ. Very late complications of cervical arthroplasty:

results of 2 controlled randomized prospective studies from a single investigator site.

Spine. Dec 15 2013;38(26):2223-2226.

45. Hacker RJ. Cervical disc arthroplasty: a controlled randomized prospective study with

intermediate follow-up results. Invited submission from the joint section meeting on

disorders of the spine and peripheral nerves, March 2005. Journal of neurosurgery.

Spine. Dec 2005;3(6):424-428.

46. Haden N, Latimer M, Seeley HM, Laing RJ. Loss of inter-vertebral disc height after

anterior cervical discectomy. British journal of neurosurgery. Dec 2005;19(6):469-474.

47. Hauerberg J, Kosteljanetz M, Boge-Rasmussen T, et al. Anterior cervical discectomy

with or without fusion with ray titanium cage: a prospective randomized clinical study.

Spine. Mar 1 2008;33(5):458-464.

48. Heidecke V, Burkert W, Brucke M, Rainov NG. Intervertebral disc replacement for

cervical degenerative disease--clinical results and functional outcome at two years in

patients implanted with the Bryan cervical disc prosthesis. Acta neurochirurgica. May

2008;150(5):453-459; discussion 459.

14

148

149

150

151

152

153

154

155

156

157

158

159

160

161

162

163

164

165

166

167

168


49. Heller JG, Sasso RC, Papadopoulos SM, et al. Comparison of BRYAN cervical disc

arthroplasty with anterior cervical decompression and fusion: clinical and radiographic

results of a randomized, controlled, clinical trial. Spine. Jan 15 2009;34(2):101-107.

50. Huppert J, Beaurain J, Steib JP, et al. Comparison between single- and multi-level

patients: clinical and radiological outcomes 2 years after cervical disc replacement.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the


Research Society. Sep 2011;20(9):1417-1426.

51. Husag L, Costabile G, Vanloffeld W, Keller RJ, Landolt H. Anterior cervical discectomy

without fusion: a comparison with Cloward's procedure. Journal of clinical

neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Jul

1997;4(3):331-340.

52. Jensen WK, Moore TA, Tribus CB, Anderson PA, Zdeblick TA. Use of patella allograft

for anterior cervical diskectomy and fusion. Journal of spinal disorders & techniques.

Aug 2009;22(6):392-398.

53. Kaiser MG, Haid RW, Jr., Subach BR, Barnes B, Rodts GE, Jr. Anterior cervical plating

enhances arthrodesis after discectomy and fusion with cortical allograft. Neurosurgery.

Feb 2002;50(2):229-236; discussion 236-228.

54. Kasliwal MK, O'Toole JE. Clinical experience using polyetheretherketone (PEEK)

intervertebral structural cage for anterior cervical corpectomy and fusion. Journal of

clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Feb

2014;21(2):217-220.

15

169

170

171

172

173

174

175

176

177

178

179

180

181

182

183

184

185

186

187

188

189

190


55. Kepler CK, Rawlins BA. Mesh cage reconstruction with autologous cancellous graft in

anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Jul

2010;23(5):328-332.

56. Kesman T, Murrey D, Darden B. Single-center results at 7 years of prospective,

randomized ProDisc-C total disc arthroplasty versus anterior cervical discectomy and

fusion for treatment of one level symptomatic cervical disc disease. Evidence-based

spine-care journal. Nov 2012;3(4):61-62.

57. Kim SH, Shin DA, Yi S, Yoon DH, Kim KN, Shin HC. Early results from posterior

cervical fusion with a screw-rod system. Yonsei medical journal. Jun 30 2007;48(3):440-

448.

58. Kim SJ, Kim SD. Anterior Cervical Discectomy and Fusion Using a Double Cylindrical

Cage versus an Anterior Cervical Plating System with Iliac Crest Autografts for the

Treatment of Cervical Degenerative Disc Disease. Journal of Korean Neurosurgical

Society. Jan 2014;55(1):12-17.

59. Lafuente J, Casey AT, Petzold A, Brew S. The Bryan cervical disc prosthesis as an

alternative to arthrodesis in the treatment of cervical spondylosis: 46 consecutive cases.

The Journal of bone and joint surgery. British volume. Apr 2005;87(4):508-512.

60. Lee JH, Jung TG, Kim HS, Jang JS, Lee SH. Analysis of the incidence and clinical effect

of the heterotopic ossification in a single-level cervical artificial disc replacement. The

spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society. Aug

2010;10(8):676-682.

61. Li J, Liang L, Ye XF, Qi M, Chen HJ, Yuan W. Cervical arthroplasty with Discover

prosthesis: clinical outcomes and analysis of factors that may influence postoperative

16

191

192

193

194

195

196

197

198

199

200

201

202

203

204

205

206

207

208

209

210

211

212

213


range of motion. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine

Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the

Cervical Spine Research Society. Oct 2013;22(10):2303-2309.

62. Li Y, Hao D, He B, Wang X, Yan L. The Efficiency of Zero-Profile Implant in Anterior

Cervical Discectomy Fusion: A Prospective Controlled Long-term Follow-up Study.

Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Oct 16 2013.

63. Lied B, Sundseth J, Helseth E. Immediate (0-6 h), early (6-72 h) and late (>72 h)

complications after anterior cervical discectomy with fusion for cervical disc

degeneration; discharge six hours after operation is feasible. Acta neurochirurgica. Feb

2008;150(2):111-118; discussion 118.

64. Lieu AS, Howng SL. Clinical results of anterior cervical discectomy without interbody

fusion. The Kaohsiung journal of medical sciences. Apr 1998;14(4):212-216.

65. Lin CN, Wu YC, Wang NP, Howng SL. Preliminary experience with anterior interbody

titanium cage fusion for treatment of cervical disc disease. The Kaohsiung journal of

medical sciences. May 2003;19(5):208-216.

66. Lind BI, Zoega B, Rosen H. Autograft versus interbody fusion cage without plate fixation

in the cervical spine: a randomized clinical study using radiostereometry. European spine

journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal

Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society.

Aug 2007;16(8):1251-1256.

67. Lofgren H, Johannsson V, Olsson T, Ryd L, Levander B. Rigid fusion after cloward

operation for cervical disc disease using autograft, allograft, or xenograft: a randomized

17

214

215

216

217

218

219

220

221

222

223

224

225

226

227

228

229

230

231

232

233

234

235


study with radiostereometric and clinical follow-up assessment. Spine. Aug 1

2000;25(15):1908-1916.

68. Lopez-Oliva Munoz F, Garcia de las Heras B, Concejero Lopez V, Asenjo Siguero JJ.

Comparison of three techniques of anterior fusion in single-level cervical disc herniation.

European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the


Research Society. 1998;7(6):512-516.

69. Lunsford LD, Bissonette DJ, Jannetta PJ, Sheptak PE, Zorub DS. Anterior surgery for

cervical disc disease. Part 1: Treatment of lateral cervical disc herniation in 253 cases.

Journal of neurosurgery. Jul 1980;53(1):1-11.

70. Maldonado CV, Paz RD, Martin CB. Adjacent-level degeneration after cervical disc

arthroplasty versus fusion. European spine journal : official publication of the European

Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the

Cervical Spine Research Society. Aug 2011;20 Suppl 3:403-407.

71. Malham GM, Parker RM, Ellis NJ, Chan PG, Varma D. Cervical artificial disc

replacement with ProDisc-C: Clinical and radiographic outcomes with long-term follow-

up. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of

Australasia. Nov 15 2013.

72. Martin GJ, Jr., Haid RW, Jr., MacMillan M, Rodts GE, Jr., Berkman R. Anterior cervical

discectomy with freeze-dried fibula allograft. Overview of 317 cases and literature

review. Spine. May 1 1999;24(9):852-858; discussion 858-859.

73. Martino V, Nina P, Franco A, Di Benedetto A, Chiappetta F, Schisano G. Cervical

myelopathy caused by median disc herniation: analysis of the complications following

18

236

237

238

239

240

241

242

243

244

245

246

247

248

249

250

251

252

253

254

255

256

257

258


anterior discectomy with and without Fusion Report of 90 cases. Journal of

neurosurgical sciences. Jun 1997;41(2):153-158.

74. Marzluff JM, McConnell J, Tomaras C. 2-Year multicenter follow-up in a prospective

randomized clinical trial: comparison of a cervical artifi cial disc to an ACDF treatment.

The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society. 2010;10:135S-

136S.

75. Mastronardi L, Ducati A, Ferrante L. Anterior cervical fusion with polyetheretherketone

(PEEK) cages in the treatment of degenerative disc disease. Preliminary observations in

36 consecutive cases with a minimum 12-month follow-up. Acta neurochirurgica. Mar

2006;148(3):307-312; discussion 312.

76. Matge G. Cervical cage fusion with 5 different implants: 250 cases. Acta

neurochirurgica. Jun 2002;144(6):539-549; discussion 550.

77. Maurice-Williams RS, Elsmore A. Extended anterior cervical decompression without

fusion: a long-term follow-up study. British journal of neurosurgery. Oct

1999;13(5):474-479.

78. McAfee PC, Cappuccino A, Cunningham BW, et al. Lower incidence of dysphagia with

cervical arthroplasty compared with ACDF in a prospective randomized clinical trial.

Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Feb 2010;23(1):1-8.

79. Mehren C, Suchomel P, Grochulla F, et al. Heterotopic ossification in total cervical

artificial disc replacement. Spine. Nov 15 2006;31(24):2802-2806.

80. Miao J, Yu F, Shen Y, et al. Clinical and radiographic outcomes of cervical disc

replacement with a new prosthesis. The spine journal : official journal of the North

American Spine Society. Oct 2 2013.

19

259

260

261

262

263

264

265

266

267

268

269

270

271

272

273

274

275

276

277

278

279

280

281


81. Moreland DB, Asch HL, Clabeaux DE, et al. Anterior cervical discectomy and fusion

with implantable titanium cage: initial impressions, patient outcomes and comparison to

fusion with allograft. The spine journal : official journal of the North American Spine

Society. Mar-Apr 2004;4(2):184-191; discussion 191.

82. Mummaneni PV, Robinson JC, Haid RW, Jr. Cervical arthroplasty with the PRESTIGE

LP cervical disc. Neurosurgery. Apr 2007;60(4 Suppl 2):310-314; discussion 314-315.

83. Murrey D, Janssen M, Delamarter R, et al. Results of the prospective, randomized,

controlled multicenter Food and Drug Administration investigational device exemption

study of the ProDisc-C total disc replacement versus anterior discectomy and fusion for

the treatment of 1-level symptomatic cervical disc disease. The spine journal : official

journal of the North American Spine Society. Apr 2009;9(4):275-286.

84. Nabhan A, Pape D, Pitzen T, et al. Radiographic analysis of fusion progression following

one-level cervical fusion with or without plate fixation. Zentralblatt fur Neurochirurgie.

Aug 2007;68(3):133-138.

85. Nabhan A, Ishak B, Steimer O, et al. Comparison of bioresorbable and titanium plates in

cervical spinal fusion: early radiologic and clinical results. Journal of spinal disorders &

techniques. May 2009;22(3):155-161.

86. Nanda A, Sharma M, Sonig A, Ambekar S, Bollam P. Surgical complications of Anterior

Cervical Discectomy and Fusion for cervical degenerative disc disease: A Single Surgeon

Experience of 1576 patients. World neurosurgery. Sep 18 2013.

87. Nandoe Tewarie RD, Bartels RH, Peul WC. Long-term outcome after anterior cervical

discectomy without fusion. European spine journal : official publication of the European

20

282

283

284

285

286

287

288

289

290

291

292

293

294

295

296

297

298

299

300

301

302

303


Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the

Cervical Spine Research Society. Sep 2007;16(9):1411-1416.

88. Niu CC, Liao JC, Chen WJ, Chen LH. Outcomes of interbody fusion cages used in 1 and

2-levels anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: titanium cages versus

polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cages. Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Jul

2010;23(5):310-316.

89. Nunley PD, Jawahar A, Kerr EJ, 3rd, et al. Factors affecting the incidence of

symptomatic adjacent-level disease in cervical spine after total disc arthroplasty: 2- to 4-

year follow-up of 3 prospective randomized trials. Spine. Mar 15 2012;37(6):445-451.

90. Nunley PD, Jawahar A, Cavanaugh DA, Gordon CR, Kerr EJ, 3rd, Utter PA.

Symptomatic adjacent segment disease after cervical total disc replacement: re-

examining the clinical and radiological evidence with established criteria. The spine

journal : official journal of the North American Spine Society. Jan 2013;13(1):5-12.

91. Oktenoglu T, Cosar M, Ozer AF, et al. Anterior cervical microdiscectomy with or

without fusion. Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Jul 2007;20(5):361-368.

92. Palma L, Mariottini A, Carangelo B, Muzii VF, Zalaffi A. Favourable long-term clinical

outcome after anterior cervical discectomy. A study on a series of 125 patients

undergoing surgery a mean of 11 years earlier. Acta neurochirurgica. Jul

2010;152(7):1145-1152.

93. Pan HC, Wang YC, Lee CH, Yang DY. Hollow bone cement filled with impacted

cancellous bone as a substitute for bone grafts in cervical spine fusion. Journal of clinical

neuroscience : official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Feb

2007;14(2):143-147.

21

304

305

306

307

308

309

310

311

312

313

314

315

316

317

318

319

320

321

322

323

324

325

326


94. Park HW, Lee JK, Moon SJ, Seo SK, Lee JH, Kim SH. The efficacy of the synthetic

interbody cage and Grafton for anterior cervical fusion. Spine. Aug 1 2009;34(17):E591-

595.

95. Park MS, Aryan HE, Ozgur BM, Jandial R, Taylor WR. Stabilization of anterior cervical

spine with bioabsorbable polymer in one- and two-level fusions. Neurosurgery. Mar

2004;54(3):631-635; discussion 635.

96. Park SB, Jahng TA, Chung CK. Remodeling of adjacent spinal alignments following

cervical arthroplasty and anterior discectomy and fusion. European spine journal :

official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity

Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Feb

2012;21(2):322-327.

97. Payer M. Implantation of a distractible titanium cage after cervical corpectomy: technical

experience in 20 consecutive cases. Acta neurochirurgica. Nov 2006;148(11):1173-1180;

discussion 1180.

98. Peng CW, Yue WM, Basit A, et al. Intermediate Results of the Prestige LP Cervical Disc

Replacement: Clinical and Radiological Analysis With Minimum Two-Year Follow-up.

Spine. Jan 15 2011;36(2):E105-111.

99. Peolsson A, Vavruch L, Hedlund R. Long-term randomised comparison between a

carbon fibre cage and the Cloward procedure in the cervical spine. European spine

journal : official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal

Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Feb

2007;16(2):173-178.

22

327

328

329

330

331

332

333

334

335

336

337

338

339

340

341

342

343

344

345

346

347

348


100. Pettine KA, Guyer RD, Blumenthal SL, et al. A prospective randomized comparison of

cervical disc replacement and anterior cervical fusion: combined results from five FDA

IDE trials from a single site. The Spine Journal. 2010;10(9, Suppl 1):S43.

101. Phillips FM, Lee JY, Geisler FH, et al. A Prospective, Randomized, Controlled Clinical

Investigation Comparing PCM Cervical Disc Arthroplasty With Anterior Cervical

Discectomy and Fusion: 2-Year Results From the US FDA IDE Clinical Trial. Spine. Jul

1 2013;38(15):E907-918.

102. Pickett GE, Sekhon LH, Sears WR, Duggal N. Complications with cervical arthroplasty.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Feb 2006;4(2):98-105.

103. Pimenta L, McAfee PC, Cappuccino A, Cunningham BW, Diaz R, Coutinho E.

Superiority of multilevel cervical arthroplasty outcomes versus single-level outcomes:

229 consecutive PCM prostheses. Spine. May 20 2007;32(12):1337-1344.

104. Pitzen TR, Chrobok J, Stulik J, et al. Implant complications, fusion, loss of lordosis, and

outcome after anterior cervical plating with dynamic or rigid plates: two-year results of a

multi-centric, randomized, controlled study. Spine. Apr 1 2009;34(7):641-646.

105. Pointillart V, Cernier A, Vital JM, Senegas J. Anterior discectomy without interbody

fusion for cervical disc herniation. European spine journal : official publication of the


Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. 1995;4(1):45-51.

106. Porchet F, Metcalf NH. Clinical outcomes with the Prestige II cervical disc: preliminary

results from a prospective randomized clinical trial. Neurosurgical focus. Sep 15

2004;17(3):E6.

23

349

350

351

352

353

354

355

356

357

358

359

360

361

362

363

364

365

366

367

368

369

370


107. Profeta G, de Falco R, Ianniciello G, Profeta L, Cigliano A, Raja AI. Preliminary

experience with anterior cervical microdiscectomy and interbody titanium cage fusion

(Novus CT-Ti) in patients with cervical disc disease. Surgical neurology. May

2000;53(5):417-426.

108. Quan GM, Vital JM, Hansen S, Pointillart V. Eight-year clinical and radiological follow-

up of the Bryan cervical disc arthroplasty. Spine. Apr 15 2011;36(8):639-646.

109. Rao PJ, Christie JG, Ghahreman A, Cartwright CA, Ferch RD. Clinical and functional

outcomes of anterior cervical discectomy without fusion. Journal of clinical neuroscience

: official journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Dec 2008;15(12):1354-

1359.

110. Ren X, Wang W, Chu T, Wang J, Li C, Jiang T. The intermediate clinical outcome and

its limitations of Bryan cervical arthroplasty for treatment of cervical disc herniation.

Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Jun 2011;24(4):221-229.

111. Riina J, Patel A, Dietz JW, Hoskins JS, Trammell TR, Schwartz DD. Comparison of

single-level cervical fusion and a metal-on-metal cervical disc replacement device. Am J

Orthop (Belle Mead NJ). Apr 2008;37(4):E71-77.

112. Robertson JT, Johnson SD. Anterior cervical discectomy without fusion: long-term

results. Clinical neurosurgery. 1980;27:440-449.

113. Robertson JT, Papadopoulos SM, Traynelis VC. Assessment of adjacent-segment disease

in patients treated with cervical fusion or arthroplasty: a prospective 2-year study.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Dec 2005;3(6):417-423.

24

371

372

373

374

375

376

377

378

379

380

381

382

383

384

385

386

387

388

389

390

391


114. Rohe SM, Engelhardt M, Harders A, Schmieder K. Anterior cervical discectomy and

titanium cage fusion - 7-year follow-up. Central European neurosurgery. Nov

2009;70(4):180-186.

115. Rollinghoff M, Zarghooni K, Hackenberg L, Zeh A, Radetzki F, Delank KS. Quality of

life and radiological outcome after cervical cage fusion and cervical disc arthroplasty.

Acta orthopaedica Belgica. Jun 2012;78(3):369-375.

116. Ruetten S, Komp M, Merk H, Godolias G. Full-endoscopic cervical posterior

foraminotomy for the operation of lateral disc herniations using 5.9-mm endoscopes: a

prospective, randomized, controlled study. Spine. Apr 20 2008;33(9):940-948.

117. Ryu KS, Park CK, Jun SC, Huh HY. Radiological changes of the operated and adjacent

segments following cervical arthroplasty after a minimum 24-month follow-up:

comparison between the Bryan and Prodisc-C devices. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine.

Sep 2010;13(3):299-307.

118. Sasso RC, Anderson PA, Riew KD, Heller JG. Results of cervical arthroplasty compared

with anterior discectomy and fusion: four-year clinical outcomes in a prospective,

randomized controlled trial. Orthopedics. Nov 2011;34(11):889.

119. Savolainen S, Rinne J, Hernesniemi J. A prospective randomized study of anterior single-

level cervical disc operations with long-term follow-up: surgical fusion is unnecessary.

Neurosurgery. Jul 1998;43(1):51-55.

120. Schluessmann E, Aghayev E, Staub L, Moulin P, Zweig T, Roder C. SWISSspine: the

case of a governmentally required HTA-registry for total disc arthroplasty: results of

cervical disc prostheses. Spine. Nov 15 2010;35(24):E1397-1405.

25

392

393

394

395

396

397

398

399

400

401

402

403

404

405

406

407

408

409

410

411

412

413


121. Schmieder K, Wolzik-Grossmann M, Pechlivanis I, Engelhardt M, Scholz M, Harders A.

Subsidence of the wing titanium cage after anterior cervical interbody fusion: 2-year

follow-up study. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Jun 2006;4(6):447-453.

122. Sekerci Z, Ugur A, Ergun R, Sanli M. Early changes in the cervical foraminal area after

anterior interbody fusion with polyetheretherketone (PEEK) cage containing synthetic

bone particulate: a prospective study of 20 cases. Neurological research. Jul

2006;28(5):568-571.

123. Sekhon LH. Cervical arthroplasty in the management of spondylotic myelopathy: 18-

month results. Neurosurgical focus. Sep 15 2004;17(3):E8.

124. Shad A, Leach JC, Teddy PJ, Cadoux-Hudson TA. Use of the Solis cage and local

autologous bone graft for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion: early technical

experience. Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Feb 2005;2(2):116-122.

125. Shapiro S, Connolly P, Donnaldson J, Abel T. Cadaveric fibula, locking plate, and

allogeneic bone matrix for anterior cervical fusions after cervical discectomy for

radiculopathy or myelopathy. Journal of neurosurgery. Jul 2001;95(1 Suppl):43-50.

126. Shim CS, Lee SH, Park HJ, Kang HS, Hwang JH. Early clinical and radiologic outcomes

of cervical arthroplasty with Bryan Cervical Disc prosthesis. Journal of spinal disorders

& techniques. Oct 2006;19(7):465-470.

127. Singh K, Marquez-Lara A, Nandyala SV, Patel AA, Fineberg SJ. Incidence and risk

factors for dysphagia after anterior cervical fusion. Spine. Oct 1 2013;38(21):1820-1825.

128. Song KJ, Lee KB. A preliminary study of the use of cage and plating for single-segment

fusion in degenerative cervical spine disease. Journal of clinical neuroscience : official

journal of the Neurosurgical Society of Australasia. Feb 2006;13(2):181-187.

26

414

415

416

417

418

419

420

421

422

423

424

425

426

427

428

429

430

431

432

433

434

435

436


129. Song KJ, Taghavi CE, Hsu MS, Lee KB, Kim GH, Song JH. Plate augmentation in

anterior cervical discectomy and fusion with cage for degenerative cervical spinal

disorders. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine Society,

the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine

Research Society. Oct 2010;19(10):1677-1683.

130. Suchomel P, Jurak L, Benes V, 3rd, Brabec R, Bradac O, Elgawhary S. Clinical results

and development of heterotopic ossification in total cervical disc replacement during a 4-

year follow-up. European spine journal : official publication of the European Spine

Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and the European Section of the

Cervical Spine Research Society. Feb 2010;19(2):307-315.

131. Thorell W, Cooper J, Hellbusch L, Leibrock L. The long-term clinical outcome of

patients undergoing anterior cervical discectomy with and without intervertebral bone

graft placement. Neurosurgery. Aug 1998;43(2):268-273; discussion 273-264.

132. Tian W, Han X, Liu B, et al. Clinical and radiographic results of cervical artificial disc

arthroplasty: over three years follow-up cohort study. Chinese medical journal. Nov

2010;123(21):2969-2973.

133. Trahan J, Abramova MV, Richter EO, Steck JC. Feasibility of anterior cervical

discectomy and fusion as an outpatient procedure. World neurosurgery. Jan

2011;75(1):145-148; discussion 143-144.

134. Tu TH, Wu JC, Huang WC, Wu CL, Ko CC, Cheng H. The effects of carpentry on

heterotopic ossification and mobility in cervical arthroplasty: determination by computed

tomography with a minimum 2-year follow-up: Clinical article. Journal of neurosurgery.

Spine. Jun 2012;16(6):601-609.

27

437

438

439

440

441

442

443

444

445

446

447

448

449

450

451

452

453

454

455

456

457

458

459


135. Tureyen K. Disc height loss after anterior cervical microdiscectomy with titanium

intervertebral cage fusion. Acta neurochirurgica. Jul 2003;145(7):565-569; discussion

569-570.

136. Tzaan WC. Anterior percutaneous endoscopic cervical discectomy for cervical

intervertebral disc herniation: outcome, complications, and technique. Journal of spinal

disorders & techniques. Oct 2011;24(7):421-431.

137. Vaccaro A, Beutler W, Peppelman W, et al. Clinical outcomes with selectively

constrained SECURE-C cervical disc arthroplasty: two-year results from a prospective,

randomized, controlled, multicenter investigational device exemption study. Spine. Dec

15 2013;38(26):2227-2239.

138. Walraevens JR, Liu B, Sloten JV, Demaerel P, Goffin J. Postoperative segmental

malalignment after surgery with the Bryan cervical disc prosthesis: is it related to the

mechanics and design of the prosthesis? Journal of spinal disorders & techniques. Aug

2010;23(6):372-376.

139. Wang MY, Liu CY. Resorbable polylactic acid interbody spacers with vertebral autograft

for anterior cervical discectomy and fusion. Neurosurgery. Jul 2005;57(1):135-140;

discussion 135-140.

140. Wang X, Chen Y, Chen D, et al. Anterior decompression and interbody fusion with

BAK/C for cervical disc degenerative disorders. Journal of spinal disorders &

techniques. Jun 2009;22(4):240-245.

141. Watters WC, 3rd, Levinthal R. Anterior cervical discectomy with and without fusion.

Results, complications, and long-term follow-up. Spine. Oct 15 1994;19(20):2343-2347.

28

460

461

462

463

464

465

466

467

468

469

470

471

472

473

474

475

476

477

478

479

480

481


142. White BD, Fitzgerald JJ. To graft or not to graft: rationalizing choice in anterior cervical

discectomy. British journal of neurosurgery. Apr 2005;19(2):148-154.

143. Wirth FP, Dowd GC, Sanders HF, Wirth C. Cervical discectomy. A prospective analysis

of three operative techniques. Surgical neurology. Apr 2000;53(4):340-346; discussion

346-348.

144. Wu JC, Huang WC, Tsai HW, et al. Differences between 1- and 2-level cervical

arthroplasty: more heterotopic ossification in 2-level disc replacement: Clinical article.

Journal of neurosurgery. Spine. Jun 2012;16(6):594-600.

145. Xie JC, Hurlbert RJ. Discectomy versus discectomy with fusion versus discectomy with

fusion and instrumentation: a prospective randomized study. Neurosurgery. Jul

2007;61(1):107-116; discussion 116-107.

146. Yamamoto I, Ikeda A, Shibuya N, Tsugane R, Sato O. Clinical long-term results of

anterior discectomy without interbody fusion for cervical disc disease. Spine. Mar

1991;16(3):272-279.

147. Yang S, Wu X, Hu Y, et al. Early and intermediate follow-up results after treatment of

degenerative disc disease with the Bryan cervical disc prosthesis: single- and multiple-

level. Spine. May 20 2008;33(12):E371-377.

148. Yang YC, Nie L, Cheng L, Hou Y. Clinical and radiographic reports following cervical

arthroplasty: a 24-month follow-up. International orthopaedics. Aug 2009;33(4):1037-

1042.

149. Yoon DH, Yi S, Shin HC, Kim KN, Kim SH. Clinical and radiological results following

cervical arthroplasty. Acta neurochirurgica. Sep 2006;148(9):943-950.

29

482

483

484

485

486

487

488

489

490

491

492

493

494

495

496

497

498

499

500

501

502

503


150. Yue WM, Tay BK, Kasinathan ST. Patellar allografts in anterior cervical fusion - a two-

year clinical and radiographic study. Singapore medical journal. Oct 2003;44(10):521-

525.

151. Zagra A, Zagra L, Scaramuzzo L, Minoia L, Archetti M, Giudici F. Anterior cervical

fusion for radicular-disc conflict performed by three different procedures: clinical and

radiographic analysis at long-term follow-up. European spine journal : official

publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity Society, and

the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society. Nov 2013;22 Suppl

6:S905-909.

152. Zevgaridis D, Thome C, Krauss JK. Prospective controlled study of rectangular titanium

cage fusion compared with iliac crest autograft fusion in anterior cervical discectomy.

Neurosurgical focus. Jan 15 2002;12(1):E2.

153. Zhang X, Chen C, Zhang Y, et al. Randomized, controlled, multicenter, clinical trial

comparing BRYAN cervical disc arthroplasty with anterior cervical decompression and

fusion in China. Spine. Mar 15 2012;37(6):433-438.

154. Zhang Z, Zhu W, Zhu L, Du Y. Midterm outcomes of total cervical total disc

replacement with Bryan prosthesis. European journal of orthopaedic surgery &

traumatology : orthopedie traumatologie. Feb 11 2014.

155. Zhao YB, Sun Y, Chen ZQ, Liu ZJ. Application of cervical arthroplasty with Bryan

cervical disc: long-term X-ray and magnetic resonance imaging follow-up results.

Chinese medical journal. Nov 2010;123(21):2999-3002.

156. Zoega B, Karrholm J, Lind B. Plate fixation adds stability to two-level anterior fusion in

the cervical spine: a randomized study using radiostereometry. European spine journal :

30

504

505

506

507

508

509

510

511

512

513

514

515

516

517

518

519

520

521

522

523

524

525

526


official publication of the European Spine Society, the European Spinal Deformity

Society, and the European Section of the Cervical Spine Research Society.

1998;7(4):302-307.

31

527

528

529

download.lww.comdownload.lww.com/.../permalink/brs/a/brs_2014_10_2… · web view75.mastronardi...

Documents