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Unit 3-Section B: A tourist’s worldKey words:A tourist is anyone who stays away from home for at least one night. Tourism: leisure time activity involving at least one overnight stay away from home. Leisure: use of free time for enjoyment.International tourism: tourists travel to another country. Domestic tourism: tourists remain within their country of residence.

P238/239/2405.1a There are many different types of tourism from leisure to business travel.5.1b Tourism can be local, national, international and includes short-day trips, weekend breaks and longer periods. Some types of tourism are seasonal.Learning outcomes• Define different types of tourism and visits (business, leisure, VFR).• Explain when and why people make trips and visits. • Contrast types and locations of destinations (beach, city break, activity, health, heritage, cultural).Tourist is anyone who stays away from home for at least one nightTourism Movement of people away from their main place of residence which usually includes an

overnight stay.. It can be for leisure or business purposes or to visit family and friends.Leisure Use of free time for enjoyment.International tourism

tourists travel to another country

Domestic tourism

tourists remain within their country of residence.

p238: Main points: How do we measure tourism? By using visitor numbers or by the amount of value that the different types of tourism bring to an economy. One way that different types of tourism is monitored is through entry and exit surveys carried out at airports and ports.p239: Leisure tourism: Produce a table to compare different types of holidays in terms of cost, activities, accommodation, types of people.5.2a - The social, economic and political causes of the growth in tourismLearning outcomes• Describe growth in the tourism industry over time. • Explain how global factors cause the growth in tourism: social (greater leisure time), economic (greater disposable income), and political (relaxing of border controls in the EU).(i) 3 social causes of growth- Increase in leisure timeDue to:An increase in paid holidays (both time and money to travel)Shorter working weeks ( 1950s=50-hour, 6 day week. Now: between 35 and 40 hours, 5-day week)Increase of ageing population (see economic change)- Development in communications and information technologyDevelopment of computer reservation systems companies operate commercially on a world scaleIncreasing availability of holidays advertised on the internet latest information on a range of travel and tourism products and servicesOnline booking services- Product development and changing consumer needs, expectations and fashions.New products e.g. development of theme parks (Euro Disney)

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Package holiday-involved a tour company providing travel, accommodation and sometimes holiday activities) from the 1950s. Most recent product development: specialist package holiday such as wedding packages.

(ii) 2 economic factors:- Greater wealth3 reasons:1-More disposable income: Incomes increased at a greater rate than the cost of necessities more disposable income to spend on holidays.2- Fewer children – Average family size in the UK: 1971= 2.4 Today: 1.8 more disposable income3- Two-income families: Mothers working more disposable income- Development in transport1- Increase in car ownership and building of motorways destinations reached more quickly. 2- Aircraft, ships and trains take large numbers of people safely and at a lower cost per person.3- Rise in low-cost airlines such as Ryanair allow tourists to make several short trips a year.

(iii) 2 Political factorsEasier to travel to countries such as China due to changes in the policies those countries have towards tourism. Free movement between the EU countries and common currency easy movement between these countries

5.2b Tourist destinations offer a variety of physical and human attractions.Learning outcomes• Describe the physical and human attractions of different holiday destinations.• Use contrasting examples to illustrate.pages 243/244/245 In the past, questions for this part were only based on photos to describe. However, the board asks now to ‘Use contrasting examples to illustrate.’. Therefore learn the annotations on Athens and the characteristics of an enclave resort - Enclave tourism involves a resort set up in such a manner that it is entirely self-sufficient. Contact with indigenous people is practically nonexistent. If the resort is located in a developing country, guests will have little or no opportunity to experience local culture and commerce. Insulation and isolation are regarded as positive safety measures. Two categories of attractions1- Environmental/physical

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2- Human

5.2c- The Butler model of resort developmentLearning outcomes• To understand the Butler model of resort development.• To be able to explain how one EU resort fits the Butler model through its development from its origin to present day.The Butler model is a model showing the sequence of changes experienced by holiday resorts.A resort is a settlement where tourism is the main function.Learn the model: the 7 stages from Figure 5 page 247: Time location, name and 4 main characteristics.Case study THE 7 STAGES FOR BLACKPOOL pages 248/249For each stage: date, 3 facts and one mark for data. Exploration: 1720

Involvement: 1781

Development: 1856-1870

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Consolidation: 1872

Stagnation: 1972

Decline: 1987

Rejuvenation: 2003

• Explain what happens during the involvement stage of the Butler model of resort development. Use an example in your answer. (4)

• Choose a study you have made of an EU holiday resort. Explain how the resort has developed. (6)

5.3a The positive and negative impacts of the tourist industry in countries at different stages of development:i) Social impacts of different types of tourism from enclave resorts to business travel destinationsii) economic impacts in terms of job creation, income generated and the possibilities for economic developmentiii) environmental impacts from enclave resorts to business travel

Learning outcomesTo understand the positive and negative impacts of tourism, including social and cultural, economic and environmental impacts, and considering both LICs and HICs

To sum up the impacts, produce a table by using p251 up to p255• Explain the positive and negative effects of tourism on LICS. Use examples in your answer. (6)• Explain the positive impacts of tourism. Use examples from different countries in your answer. (6)

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A study of an ecotourist destination to show how tourism can protect the environment and benefit the local community.Learning outcomeTo be able to explain how ecotourism can protect the environment and benefit local people, using a case study.DefinitionsSustainable tourism is a process which meets the needs of present tourists and host communities while protecting and enhancing the needs of future generations.Ecotourism is a branch of sustainable tourism. It is responsible travel to natural areas that conserve the environment and improves the well-being of local people.

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