NAME: _______________________________________________ Matter Focus Lesson

We studied in the text that matter is a term used to describe anything that has mass and takes up space. It is made of atoms, tiny particles in constant motion. Pictured below are four states of matter.

Explain the alignment (shape) of particles and volume of each state of matter using the letters in the box above. One definition will be used twice.

Form Solid Liquid Gas Plasma

How are the molecules aligned?

Volume (amount of space it takes up)

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures Definitions

Word Definition

Atom The smallest particle of an element that retains the chemical identity of the element; if connected must be the same color/shape/size.

Element

Molecule

Compound

Mixture

a. Spaced out & chargedb. Definite volumec. No definite volume d. Held firmly in placee. The volume is definite if

the temperature and pressure are constant

f. close but they can “slide” over each other

g. far apart with no attractive forces

Elements, Compounds and Mixtures (cont.)

Use the definitions on the previous page to help you classify each of the pictures below by placing the correct label in the blanks below:

A = Elements D = Mixture of Compounds B = Compound E= Mixture of Elements and Compounds C= Mixture of Elements

Each circle represents an atom and each different color represents a different kind of atom. If two atoms are touching then they are bonded

together.

Physical and Chemical Properties of Matter

Different kinds of matter have different characteristics. The characteristics that you can observe directly are called physical properties. Properties that can only be observed when one substance changes

into different substances are called chemical properties. Classify the following characteristics as chemical or physical by placing a check mark in the chart below.

Chemical Physical PropertiesVolume the amount of space taken up by matter.Compressibility the measure of the relative volume change of a fluid or solid as a response to a pressure change (squeeze or decrease in size)

Density the mass per unit volume of a given material. Units for density are often expressed as g/mL, g/cm3, or kg/m3. Conductivity the rate at which heat passes through a specified material.

Malleability the ability of a solid to be pounded into thin sheets.

Reactivity the rate at which a chemical substance tends to undergo a chemical reaction.Freezing point the temperature at which a substance changes from liquid into solid.Melting point the temperature at which a substance changes from solid to liquid. Boiling point the temperature at which a substance changes from liquid to gas (boiling) or from gas to liquid (condensation).

Classifying Matter Organizer

Use the following terms to fill in the organizer below: Compound, Heterogenous Mixture, Element, Pure Substance, Homogenous Mixture, Mixture. Give an example in the bubbles at the very bottom (in boxes).

Homogeneous/ Heterogeneous Mixtures

heterogeneous - a mixture in which different samples are not necessarily made up of the same proportions of matter.homogeneous - a mixture that is the same throughout. All samples of a homogeneous mixture are the same.

Place a check in the correct column to classify whether the mixture is homogenous or heterogeneous.substance homogenous heterogeneous

Salad dressing (italian)SugarSpagetti saucePure airCherry vanilla icecreamAlumnium foilPaintBeach sand

Heating/Cooling Curves

Examples

matter that cannot be separated into different

kinds of matter by physical means

matter that contains a combination of different

elements and/or compounds and can be separated by physicals means such as sorting,

filtering, heating or cooling

a pure substance that cannot be broken down into simpler substances by chemical or physical

means

a substance that contains two or more different elements chemically

joined and has the same composition throughout

a mixture that is the same throughout

a mixture in which different samples are not necessarily made up of

exactly the same proportions of matter

Use the definitions below to help you label the following parts of the heating and cooling curves: condensation, freezing, gas, liquid, melting, solid and vaporization.

Melting Phase change the occurs when matter goes from solid to a liquidliquids Phase of matter that holds its volume. Doesn’t hold it shape, and flows.Freezing Phase change the occurs when matter goes from a liquid to a solidGas Phase of matter that flows, doesn’t hold its volume; occurs at high temperatureCondensation Phase change the occurs when matter goes from gas to a liquidVaporization Phase change the occurs when matter goes from liquid to a gasSolids Phase of matter that holds its shape and doesn’t flow; occurs at low temperature

F

G

A=

B=

C=

D=

E=

F=

G=