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EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL OF SWAZILANDJunior Certificate Examination

LITERATURE IN ENGLISH 120/01Paper 1 ( Closed Books) October/November 2016 2 Hours 15 minutes

Additional Materials: Answer Booklet/Paper

READ THESE INSTRUCTIONS FIRST

Follow the instructions on the front cover of the booklet.Write your centre number, candidate number and name on all the work you hand in.Write in dark blue or black pen.Do not use staples, paper clips, highlighters, glue or correction fluid.

Answer three questions: one question from Section A (Drama), one question from Section B (Poetry), and one question from Section C (Prose).

At least one of these must be a passage – based question (marked*), and at least one must be an essay/empathic question.

At the end of the examination, fasten all your work securely together.Marks allocated to each question are shown in brackets [ ] at the end of each question.

__________________________________________________________________________________This document consists of 18 printed pages and 2 blank pages.

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SECTION A: DRAMA

Answer one question from this section.

WILLIAM SHAKESPEARE: The Merchant of Venice

Either

*1 Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

Enter the Duke, the magnificoes, Antonio, Bassanio, Graziano, and SalerioDUKE What, is Antonio here?ANTONIO Ready, so please your grace.DUKE I am sorry for thee. Thou art come to answer a stony adversary, an inhuman wretch uncapable of pity, void and empty 5 From any dram of mercy.ANTONIO I have heard Your grace hath ta´en great pain to qualify His rigorous course, but since he stands obdurate, and that no lawful means can carry me 10 out of his envy’s reach, I do oppose my patience to his fury, and am armed to suffer with a quietness of spirit the very tyranny and rage of his.DUKE Go one, and call the Jew into the court. 15 SALERIO He is ready at the door. He comes, my lord. Enter Shylock DUKE Make room, and let him stand before our face. Shylock, the world think and I think so too – That thou but lead’st this fashion of thy malice To the last hour of act, and then’tis thought 20 Thou’lt show thy mercy and remorse more strange Than is thy strange apparent cruelty, Which is a pound of this poor man chance flesh, And where thou now exacts the penalty - Thou wilt not only loose the forfeiture, 25 But, touched with human gentleness and love, Forgive a moiety of the principal, Glancing an eye of pity on his losses, That have of late so huddled on his back Enough to press a royal merchant down 30 And pluck commiseration of his state From brassy bosoms and rough hearts of flint,

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From stubborn Turks and Tartars never trained To offices of tender courtesy. We all expect a gently answer, Jew. 35SHYLOCK I have possessed your grace of what I purpose, And by our holy Sabbath have I sworn To have the due and forfeit of my bond. If you deny it, let the danger light Upon your charter and your city’s freedom. 40 You’ll ask me why I rather choose to have A weight of carrion flesh than to receive Three thousand ducats. I’ll not answer that, But say it is my humour. Is it answered? What if my house be troubled with a rat, 45 And I be pleased to give ten thousand ducats To have it baned? What, are you answered yet? Some men there are love not a gaping pig, Some that are mad if they behold a cat And others when the bagpipe sings i’th’ nose 50 Cannot contain their urine; for affection Mistress of passion, sways it to the mood Of what it likes or loathes. Now for your answer: As there is no firm reason to be rendered Why he cannot abide a gaping pig, 55 Why he a harmless necessary cat, Why he a woollen bagpipe, but of force Must yield to such inevitable shame As to offend himself being offended, So can I give no reason, nor I will not, 60 More than a lodged hate and a certain loathing I bear Antonio, that I follow thus A losing suit against him. Are you answered?BASSANIO This is no answer, thou unfeeling man, To excuse the current of thy cruelty. 65SHYLOCK I am not bound to please thee with my answers.BASSANIO …Do all men kill the things they do not love?SHYLOCK Hates any man the thing he would not kill?BASSANIO Every offence is not a hate at first.SHYLOCK What , wouldst thou have a serpent sting thee twice? 70ANTONIO I pray you think you question with the Jew. You may as well go stand upon the beach And bid the main flood bate his usual height; You may as well use question with the wolf Why he hath made the ewe bleat for the lamb; 75 You may as well forbid the mountain pines

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To wag their high tops and to make no noise When they are fretten with the gusts of heaven, You may as well do anything most hard As seek to soften that – than which what’s harder?- 80 His Jewish heart. Therefore, I do beseech you, Make no more offers, use no farther means, But with all brief and plain conveniency Let me have judgement and the Jew his will. 85 BASSANIO (to Shylock) For thy three thousand ducats here is six. SHYLOCK If every ducat in six thousand ducats Were in six parts, every part a ducat, I would not draw them. I would have my bond. 90

(a) What feelings do you have as you read the passage? [10]

(b) What in your opinion, does this passage reveal about Shylock’s character? [10]

Or

2. Friendship is very important in this play. With close reference to Portia and Nerrisa as well as Bassanio and Antonio’s friendship, explore the truthfulness of this statement. [20]

Or

3. You are Shylock on your way back home just after the court case. Write your thoughts. [20]

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OLA ROTIMI: The Gods are not to Blame

Either

*4. Read the following passage carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

TOWNSPEOPLE: We thank our king for―ODEWALE: No, no, do not thank me. I am only doing my duty. Do not thank me. Instead, let me ask you one question. Now, you have all comehere, sprawling, vomiting, rubbing tears on one another, begging me to domy duty, and help you. But what about you yourselves? What have you done 5to help yourselves? Answer. Or is the land at peace? Are not people ailing and dying?TOWNSPEOPLE: We are suffering my Lord, we are―ODEWALE: Yes I know. But what have you done about it, I ask. You there―Mama Ibeji―what did you do to save your twins from dying? It is sickness 10that man can cure, not death. What did you do to cure their sickness? Nothing?Oh, I see, your body is too weak, your bones suddenly gone soft, you cannotmove , you cannot go into the bush and cut herbs to boil for your children todrink. Is that so? Answer. ‘The land is bad’, you all cry, ‘we suffer much,we die’, you moan. Yet each one of you lies down is his own small hut and 15does nothing. Now tired of doing nothing, you have all come like lobsters,carrying your large heads of complaints to my door-step. Well, let me tellyou, brothers and sisters, the ruin of a land and its peoples begins in theirhomes. If you, in your own small huts are so helpless, so crippled that younow come to me, a single man, expecting magic, then, let me tell you that we 20shall soon all die, hand in hand, in one big grave; hand in hand, I say, smilingat each other’s eyeballs, and smelling the rot of our gross, corrupt bodies. If you need help, search for it first among yourselves.Do not open your noses at me, I cannot help. Why? Because I, Odewale, sonof Ogundele, I am only a person, human: like you, and you, and…you. 25SECOND WOMAN: Your highness… I have tried, in my own house, I havetried… I boiled some herbs, drank them, yet sickness remains.ODEWALE: What herbs did you boil?SECOND WOMAN: Asufe eiyeje leaves―ODEWALE: Y-e-s. 30SECOND WOMAN: Lemon-grass, teabush, and some limeskins.ODEWALE:That’s good. And nothing happened?SECOND WOMAN: I and my household drank the medicine, yet we do notget better, my lord. ODEWALE: For how long did you boil it? 35SECOND WOMAN: As soon as it boiled, I put it down. ODEWALE: No, no. You must boil it longer, woman, longer, so that theMedicines in the herbs can come out in full spirit to fight the sickness. Boilit longer.THIRD WOMAN: I boiled mine longer―a long time. I even added dogo- 40yaro leaves to it.ODEWALE: And how does the body feel?THIRD WOMAN: Not as well as the heart wishes, my lord.ODEWALE: Our talk is of illness, sister. To get fully cured one needspatience. The moon moves slowly but by daybreak it crosses the sky. Keep 45on drinking the medicine; one day you will see change. Patience.FIRST CITIZEN: I don’t even know what those herbs are.©ECOS 2016 120/01/OCT/NOV/2016 [Turn over

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ODEWALE: Ask your neighbour.FOURTH WOMAN: My trouble is that I drink medicine from herbs, myhusband drinks it too. But the children… I don’t know how to give it to them 50so that they can drink it all. ODEWALE: By trying often, the monkey learns to jump from tree to treewithout falling. Keep on trying. Now, everybody go home…try. Get together, form groups of threes―Ajanu―AJANU:My lord. 55ODEWALE: Who is your neighbour?AJANU: My neighbour? Aiyilara, the palmwine tapper, my lordODEWALE: Who else?AJANU: The house on the left of mine belongs to Ogini, the fisherman.ODEWALE: Very well, the three of you― 60BODYGUARDS: My lord, Aderopo has come back from Ile-Ife.

[TOWNSPEOPLE cheer.]

ODEWALE: Let us not be happy yet, we haven’t heard what task the godsexpect of us.TOWNSPEOPLE: It will be good.The task will be easy. 65ODEWALE: So may it be. [Roughly.] Up, all of you―into the bush! Go and get cutlasses―go on! Go and pick herbs from the bush, boil them, drinkthem. Get up, go on – in twos, threes, get up!WOMAN: Women too?ODEWALE: Women stay at home and look after the children, make the fire, 70 get boiling pots ready. Men, you all go! [Calling.] Abero! Ab― ABERO: Here I am, my lord.ODEWALE: Bring me those herbs I cut from the bush last night. Everybody,come and see… I, with my own two hands, and alone in the bush… [Takingthe leaves from Abero who has just entered with them.] These… see? My 75 wife, Ojuola herself has boiled part of them for the household. This evening again, I head for the bush for more.TOWNSPEOPLE: [Inspired, beginning to disperse.] We shall go!Long may your highness live!We thank you, our lord! 80 May your reign be blessed! Long may the crown rest on your head! And the royal shoes on your feet!ODEWALE: That’s the spirit, my people, go about it with gladness! Life isa struggle. 85 [To CHIEFS and OJUOLA.] Come, people, let us―[Turning towards the palace he notices a woman, IYA ABURO, on theground, fumbling with her baby, undecided whether to saddle it on her back,or simply drop it. Somehow, she manages to strap the baby to her side, andstarts crossing the stage, singing a lullaby.]

Sister, I hope it is nothing.IYA ABURO [Kneeling deferentially.]: He will come, your highness. I… Itold him, the gods bear me witness…[Tearfully.] I told him and he said he was…coming too.FIRST CHIEF [Whispering to ODEWALE.] It was her husband killed by the 90

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Sickness two day ago, my lord.IYAABURO: I thank you, your highness… I swear… [Laughs loudly.]He was coming, he was coming, then he went and got all dressed up, andwent directly to the farm, not looking, not looking left![She releases baby from her side, carries it upside down, and begins to back 95away, resuming her lullaby.]ODEWALE: [To a BODYGUARD.] : Labata! Take that baby from her.IYA ABURO [Addressing LABATA as he approaches her.]:You come too late, my husband. We have… oh, pity… we have just finishedeating yams in the King’s small bathroom… small-small bathroom…[Sniggers coyly.] Oh, you want the child? [She readily lets LABATA take it.] 100I beg of you, carry her well, do not hurt her fingers… she must live… to eatYams in small-small bathrooms… [Backs out of sight.]ODEWALE: Ojuola, from this day on you care for the baby.OJUOLA: I will my lord… [Takes baby from LABATA, and enters palace.]ODEWALE: Bokini! 105BOKINI: My lord.ODEWALE: Quickly take that woman to the home of Alaba the curer ofsick heads. Whatever he charges for the cure of her head, tell Alaba that Ishall pay.

(a) What feelings are evoked in you as you read the passage? [10]

(b) What in your opinion does this passage reveal about Odewale’s character? [10]

Or

5. What impression do you form of Queen Ojuola and King Odewale’s relationship in the play? Refer closely to the play to support your answer.

[20]

Or

6. You are one of the chiefs at the end of the story, write your thoughts. [20]


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SECTION B : POETRY


LUCY DLAMINI AND NONHLANHLA VILAKATI, ed.: When Fishes Flew and Other Poems.

Either

*7 Read the following poem carefully and then answer the questions that follow.

“The Passionate Shepherd to His Love” Christopher Marlowe

Come live with me, and be my love,And we will all the pleasures prove,That valleys, groves, hills and fields,Woods, or steepy mountains yields.

And we will sit upon the rocks, 5Seeing the shepherds feed their flocks,By shallow rivers, to whose falls,Melodious birds sing madrigals.

And I will make thee beds of roses,And a thousand fragrant posies, 10A cap of flowers, and a kirtleEmbroidered all with leaves of myrtle;

A gown made of the finest wool,Which from our pretty lambs we pull,Fair-lined slippers for the cold, 15With buckles of the purest gold;

A belt of straw and ivy budsWith coral clasps and amber studs:And if these pleasures may thee move,Come live with me, and be my love. 20

The shepherd swains shall dance and sing,For thy delight each May morning:If these delights thy mind may move,Then live with me, and be my love.

How has Christopher Marlowe used language to express the persona’s intense and genuine feelings of love? [20]

Or

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8. With close reference to EITHER ‘Night of the Scorpion” by Nissim Ezekiel OR “Just a word” by Sheikha A. Eimiskery discuss what you have learnt about the way human beings relate. [20]

Or

9. Choose two poems from the following and show how the writers have successfully made you feel very emotional . [20]

To Daffodills - Robert HerrickThe Sick Rose - William BlakeCaged Bird - Maya Angelou


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SECTION C: PROSE


JOHN STEINBECK: The Pearl

Either


Standing in the door, he saw two men approach; andone of them carried a lantern which lighted the ground and the legs of the men. They turned in through theopening of Kino’s brush fence and came to his door. AndKino saw that one was the doctor and the other the 5servant who had opened the gate in the morning. The split knuckles on Kino’s right hand burned when he sawwho they were. The doctor said, ‘I was not in when you came thismorning. But now, at the first chance, I have come to see 10the baby.’ Kino stood in the door, filling it, and hatred raged andflamed in the back of his eyes, and fear too, for thehundreds of years of subjugation were cut deep in him. ‘The baby is nearly well now,’ he said curtly. 15 The doctor smiled, but his eyes in their little lymph-lined hammocks did not smile. He said, ‘Sometimes, my friend, the scorpion sting has a curious effect. There will be apparent improvement, and then without warning – pouf!’ He pursed his lips and 20made a little explosion to show how quick it could be, and he shifted his small black doctor’s bag about so that thelight of the lamp fell upon it, for he knew that Kino’s racelove the tools of any craft and trust them. ‘Sometimes,’ thedoctor went on in a liquid tone, ‘sometimes there will be 25a withered leg or a blind eye or a crumpled back. Oh, Iknow the sting of the scorpion, my friend, and I can cureit.’ Kino felt the rage and hatred melting towards fear. Hedid not know, and perhaps the doctor did. And he could 30not take the chance of putting his certain ignoranceagainst this man’s possible knowledge. He was trappedas his people were always trapped, and would be until, ashe had said, they could be sure that the things in thebooks were really in the books. He could not take a chance 35- not with the life or with the straightness of Coyotito. Hestood aside and let the doctor and his man enter the brushhut. Juana stood up from the fire and backed away as heentered, and she covered the baby’s face with the fringe of 40

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her shawl. And when the doctor went to her and held out his hand, she clutched the baby tight and looked at Kinowhere he stood with the fire shadows leaping on his face. Kino nodded, and only then did she let the doctor take the baby. 45 ‘Hold the light,’ the doctor said, and when the servantheld the lantern high, the doctor looked for a moment atthe wound on the baby’s shoulder. He was thoughtful fora moment and then he rolled back the baby’s eyelid andlooked at the eyeball. He nodded his head while Coyotito 50struggled against him. ‘It is as I thought,’ he said. ‘The poison has gone inwards and it will strike soon. Come, look!’ He held theeyelid down. ‘See – it is blue.’ And Kino, lookinganxiously, saw that indeed it was a little blue. And he 55didn’t know whether or not it was always a little blue. Butthe trap was set. He couldn’t take the chance. The doctor’s eyes watered in their little hammocks. ‘I will give him something to try to turn the poison aside,’he said. And he handed the baby to Kino. Then from his bag he took a little bottle of white 60powder and a capsule of gelatine. He filled the capsulewith the powder and closed it, and then around the firstcapsule he fitted a second capsule and closed it. Then heworked very deftly. He took the baby and pinched itslower lip until it opened its mouth. His fat fingers placed 65the capsule far back on the baby’s tongue, beyond the point where he could spit it out, and then from the floorhe picked up the little pitcher of pulque and gave Coyotito a drink, and it was done. He looked again at thebaby’s eyeball and he pursed his lips and seemed to think. 70 At last he handed the baby back to Juana and he turnedto Kino . ‘I think the poison will attack within the hour,’ he said. ‘The medicine may save the baby from hurt, but Iwill come back in an hour. Perhaps I am in time to savehim.’ He took a deep breath and went out of the hut, and 75his servant followed him with the lantern. Now Juana had the baby under her shawl, and shestared at it with anxiety and fear. Kino came to her, and he lifted the shawl and stared at the baby. He moved hishand to look under the eyelid, and only then saw that the 80pearl was still in his hand. Then he went to a box by thewall, and from it he brought a piece of rag. He wrappedthe pearl in the rag, then went to the corner of the brushhouse and dug a little hole with his fingers in the dirtfloor, and he put the pearl in the hole and covered it up 85and concealed the place.

(a) How does this passage reveal that Kino is filled with anger and worry at the same time? [10]

(b) What are your feelings as you read the passage? Remember to use the passage for support. [10]


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Or

11. How far would you agree that finding the great pearl brought more evil than good to Kino and his family? [20]

Or

12. Imagine you are one of the people of Lapaz, rushing to meet Kino as he returns home from the mountains. Write your thoughts. [20]

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KAGISO LESEGO MOLOPE: The Mending Season

Either


The meeting place was at the top of the stairs at Sterland, the movie theatrein town. Many people our age roamed around us, most of them talking inwhat Mmamane Mabatho now called the Model C accent. KB smiled andwaved when she first saw me. She was standing next to a White girl witha bob and a short Indian girl with long straight hair. All three of them were 5wearing jeans and stylish, short-sleeved T-shirts. KB was more cheerful thanI had ever seen her. She had let down her ponytail and her hair fell to hershoulders. All three of them wore eye make-up and lipstick. “This is Brittany,” she said about the girl with the bob. “And this is Sumaya,” she pointed to the girl with the straight hair. 10 “Hi,” we all said to each other. I looked around, waiting to see who else would join us. “Well, let’s go,” KB led the way. “You’re at Ascension, right?” Sumaya asked, the fingers of one hand inher hair and the other hand in the back pocket of her jeans. When I looked at 15her again, I saw she was wearing too much lipstick. “Ja,” I said, my arms folded across my chest. “We used to go there, me and Brit. We left last year.” “Oh,” was all I could manage to say. “Ok guys, you know the agenda, right?” KB said to us as she joined the 20end of the ticket line. “I’ll get us the tickets.” She was paying? I seemed to be the only one who was surprised. Sumayaand Brittany turned to face me. “Did you just start this year?” asked Brittany. “Ja,” 25 “Do you like it?” “Ja.” “The three of us were friends when we were there. We meet for KB’sbirthday every year,” Brittany told me. “Her parents pay for everything,” Sumaya whispered. She was still 30playing with her hair. KB walked towards us and handed us the tickets. We had not even decidedwhat we would be watching. “What would you like?” she asked us as we reached the refreshmentstand. The three of them each got popcorn, chocolate and different flavours 35of a drink called Slush Puppy, which I had never heard of before. “Are you OK?” KB asked, as I had not asked for anything yet. I had always been taught that it was rude to take money from other people. No one should pay for your entire meal. So I stood silently, not able to decide if Ishould pay for myself or let KB pay. She stepped forward and got me a Slush 40Puppy, a bag of popcorn and a bar of Kit-Kat. I thanked her and followedthem into the movie theatre.


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I already knew what was on the “agenda”, as KB put it. First the movie,then lunch at a restaurant of our choice and to KB’s house for a swim in theirpool. I had deliberately left my bathing suit at home and planned to say that 45I had forgotten it. I was not yet a good swimmer. At lunch, we sat in a booth at Pizza Hut, drinking cooldrinks from largeglasses and each enjoying our own pizza. “Get whatever you want, my dad’spaying,” KB had announced when we walked in. I was not saying much, butwho noticed? Sumaya hardly stopped to take a breath as she fed us stories of 50her new private boarding school. She had us laughing hysterically with talesof girls whose main aim was to seek adventure at boys’ schools and on the streets of Pretoria. It was all fascinating even if some of it sounded a littleexaggerated. We ate, drank and laughed out loud while older Black womenin red and black uniforms waited on us. 55 “Oh! My parents should really let me switch schools,” KB told us with alook of desperation on her face. “Why don’t you? Ascension is such a dumb school!” Sumaya said emphatically. “I’ll convince them someday. My mom likes it because it’s right 60downtown. That way she can drop me off and go shopping all the time,” KBsaid with a deep sigh. “I hate my stupid government school. I should switch too,” Brittany said“My parents were just happy to get me out of Ascension.” “Why?” I asked her. 65 “They said it was becoming too… I don’t know … multiracial.” I was theonly one whose eyes popped. “The thing is,” Brittany started to clarify for me, “my dad says theseschools lose their standard when that starts happening.” “Mmmhmm,” Sumaya and KB nodded. 70 “It’s true” KB said. “I mean, our head girl hasn’t even been there sinceprimary school. How can you be head girl without having known the schoolfor that long?” All three of them nodded. “Ascension is going downhill,” said Sumaya, taking a bite of her pizza. 75“It’s a shit school. You should leave, especially if your parents can affordit,” she said to KB. Then she turned to me. “What do your parents do?” The question I had been dreading. I had heard girls ask each other this so manytimes that I was surprised KB had never asked me – or that Sumaya andBrittany had not asked me sooner. 80 I cleared my throat and thought quickly. “Well … my mom designsclothes,” I said. She did make my dress, I reasoned in my mind. “Oh, cool! That explains your fancy dress!” Sumaya said, her face lightingup. “Could she make something for me?” I shrugged. “Sure,” I told her. 85 “What about your dad?” Brittany asked. This was an even harder one. Itook a bite of pizza and chewed while I thought of an answer. “Mmm … He sells the clothes my mom designs,” I told them, speakingwith care and making sure I pronounced each word right. “Cool, like a businessman. Like my dad,” KB said. It was the first time in 90

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that part of the conversation that she was showing interest. I saw in her eyesthat she had new respect for me. “So why don’t they move?” she asked me. I had never seen her look thisinterested in anything I said. “And why didn’t they send you to the school as soon as it opened?” 95Sumaya inquired. I thought that she was not completely convinced that I wastelling the truth. “Ummm … They’re still looking for a place,” I lied. The aunts wouldhave been angry but my father would have laughed if he had been there. “Cool. Where?” KB asked. 100 I shrugged nonchalantly. “Somewhere in town. I don’t know,” I said.

(a) Explore what the passage reveals about Matshidiso’s state of mind at this moment.Refer closely to the passage for support. [10]

(b) What feelings do you have for Tshidi as you read this passage? [10]

Or

14. With close reference to the Masemola sisters, discuss what you have learnt about the importance of family. Support your answer with details from the story. [20]

Or

15. Imagine you are Mrs Allison and you have just heard of the netball court incident. Write your thoughts. [20]


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AFRICA KILLS HER SUN

Either

*16 Read the following passage and then answer the questions that follow.

I understood it all too, that he was ashamed of being without a family and had invented them all, so that no one should discoverthat he was fatherless and motherless and that no one in the world cared whether he was alive or dead. This gave me a strongfeeling for him, and I went out of my way to manifest towards him 5that fatherly care that the State, though not in those words, hadenjoined upon me by giving me this job. Then the letter came from the Social Welfare Officer in Bloemfontein, saying that Mrs Betty Maarman of 18 Vlak Streetwas a real person, and that she had four children, Richard and 10Dickie, Anna and Mina, but that Ha’penny was no child of hers,and she knew him only as a derelict of the streets. She had neveranswered his letters, because he wrote to her as ‘Mother’, and shewas no mother of his, nor did she wish to play any such role. Shewas a decent woman, a faithful member of the church, and she had 15no thought of corrupting her family by letting them have anythingto do with such a child. But Ha’penny seemed to me to be anything but the usualdelinquent; his desire to have a family was so strong, and hisreformatory record was so blameless, and his anxiety to please 20and obey so great, that I began to feel a great duty towards him.Therefore I asked him about his ‘mother’. He could not speak enough of her, nor with too high praise.She was loving, honest, and strict. Her home was clean. She hadaffection for all her children. It was clear that the homeless child, 25even as he had attached himself to me, would have attachedhimself to her; he had observed her even as he had observed me,but did not know the secret of how to open her heart, so that shewould take him in, and save him from the lonely life that he led. ‘Why did you steal when you had such a mother?’ I asked. 30 He could not answer that; not all his brains nor his couragecould find an answer to such a question, for he knew that withsuch a mother he would not have stolen at all. ‘The boy’s name is Dickie.’ I said, ‘not Tickie.’ And then he knew the deception was revealed. Another boy 35might have said , ‘I told you it was Dickie,’ I said,’ but he was too intelligentfor that; he knew that if I had established that the boy’s name wasDickie, I must have established other things too. I was shockedby the immediate and visible effect of my action. His whole braveassurance died within him and he stood there exposed, not as a liar, 40but as a homeless child who had surrounded himself with mother,brothers, and sisters, who did not exist. I had shattered the veryfoundations of his pride and his sense of human significance. He fell sick at once, and the doctor said it was tuberculosis. Iwrote at once to Mrs Maarman, telling her the whole story, of how 45this small boy had observed her, and had decided that she was the

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person he desired for his mother. But she wrote back saying she could take no responsibility for him. For one thing, Ha’penny wasa Mosuto, and she was a coloured woman; for another, she hadnever had a child in trouble, and how could she take such a boy? 50 Tuberculosis is a strange thing; sometimes it manifests itselfsuddenly in the most unlikely host, and swiftly sweeps to the end.Ha’penny withdrew himself from the world, from all Principals and mothers, and the doctor said there was little hope. In desperation Isent money for Mrs Maarman to come. 55 She was a decent, homely woman, and seeing that the situationwas serious, she, without fuss or embarrassment, adopted Ha’pennyfor her own. The whole reformatory accepted her as his mother.She sat the whole day with him, and talked to him of Richard andDickie, Anna and Mina, and how they were all waiting for him to 60come home. She poured out her affection on him, and had no fearof his sickness, nor did she allow it to prevent her from satisfyinghis hunger to be owned. She talked to him of what they would dowhen he came back, and how he would go to the school, and whatthey would buy for Guy Fawkes night. 65 He in turn gave his whole attention to her, and when I visitedhim he was grateful, but I had passed out of his world. I fell judgedin that I had sensed only the existence and not the measure of hisdesire. I wished I had done something sooner, more wise, moreprodigal. 70 We buried him on the reformatory farm, and Mrs Maarmansaid to me, ‘When you put up the cross, put he was my son.’ ‘I’m ashamed,’ she said, ‘that I wouldn’t take him.’ ‘The sickness,’ I said, ‘the sickness would have come.’ ‘No,’ she said, shaking her head with certainty. ‘It wouldn’t havecome. And if it had come at home, it would have been different.’ 75 So she left for Bloemfontein, after her strange visit to a reformatory. And I was left too, with the resolve to be moreprodigal in the task that the State, though not in so many words,had enjoined on me.

(a) Explore how the writer makes you feel for Ha’penny in this passage. [10].

(b) What in your opinion does this passage reveal about Mrs Maarman’s character? [10]

Or

QUESTION 17

17. How does the writer, Lucy Dlamini, make you feel towards Hleziphi in the story ‘Dirt to Dirt’? Remember to refer closely to the text to support your response. [20]

Or


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18. Imagine you are Mholo, at the moment the dogs are barking at you while you are waiting for your sister in the darkness of the night. Write your thoughts. [20]

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