webinar 9 towards standardising recycled aggregates
TRANSCRIPT
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Webinar 9Towards Standardising Recycled Aggregates
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One of the UK’s top 20 universities (Guardian University Guide 2021)
8 June 2021
Dr Moray Newlands, Senior Lecturer Civil Engineering, Associate Dean Industrial EngagementConcrete Technology Unit
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Where is Dundee?
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A typical day in Dundee!
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The Concrete Technology Unit
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Scottish Geotechnical Centrifuge:
XRD/XRF/SEM AnalysisµCT Scanning
Rheological Properties
Numerical Modelling and Verification Tests
Accelerated and natural durability testing
Full‐scale trials
Research Impact and Sustainability
Research Impact and Sustainability
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The Challenge for Sustainability
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RAEng Frontiers ChampionDr Boksun Kim
Recycled Aggregate Concrete in South East Asia
Pagedundee.ac.uk 5https://www.acenet.co.uk/media/5151/ace-five-capitals-report-2020.pdf
Sustainability – The Five Capitals Approach
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The Environmental Impact of Cities – ASEAN Region
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https://theaseanpost.com/article/aseans‐megacities‐dangerMay 2019
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The Construction Industry in South East Asia
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• Developing Society…
• Infrastructure and Urbanization…
• With construction comes CDW!!
A review of construction and demolition waste management in Southeast Asia, Ngoc Han Hoang, Tomonori Ishigaki, Rieko Kubota, Masato Yamada, Ken Kawamoto, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management (2020) 22:315–325, August 2019
doi.org/10.1007/s10163‐019‐00914‐5
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Defining CDW in SE Asia
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CDW is “composed of soil, non‐reinforced and reinforced concretes, bricks, concrete blocks, lightweight concrete blocks, asphalts, and….
Thailand
CDW is “a mixture of hardcore (concrete, masonry, bricks, tiles), reinforcement bars, dry walls, wood, plastic, glass, scrap iron and other metals, etc”….
Singapore
Solid waste from construction activities (including renovationand demolition of works, called as construction solid waste) must be classified and managed as follows: a) soil, sludge from excavation, dredging topsoil, digging the foundation piles […]; b) gravelly soil, solid waste from construction materials (brick, tile, grout, concrete, adhesives materials overdue) […]; c) recyclable solid waste such as glass, steel, wood, paper, plastics […].”
Vietnam
A review of construction and demolition waste management in Southeast Asia, Ngoc Han Hoang, Tomonori Ishigaki, Rieko Kubota, Masato Yamada, Ken Kawamoto, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management (2020) 22:315–325, August 2019
doi.org/10.1007/s10163‐019‐00914‐5
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CDW Constituents – Source Dependent
9A review of construction and demolition waste management in Southeast Asia, Ngoc Han Hoang, Tomonori Ishigaki, Rieko Kubota,
Masato Yamada, Ken Kawamoto, Journal of Material Cycles and Waste Management (2020) 22:315–325, August 2019 doi.org/10.1007/s10163‐019‐00914‐5
Preferred waste streams?
Is it worth standardising?
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Why aggregates? Isn’t Portland Cement the problem?
Mineral Products Association Fact Sheet 18 Embodied CO2e of UK cement, additions and cementitious material, 2019 (Update F)
Specifying Sustainable Concrete – Understanding the Role of Constituent Materials, The Concrete Centre, February 2020
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Why aggregates? Isn’t Portland Cement the problem?
European Raw Materials Initiative (RMI)
Conversion of RMI data into an equivalent residual life
Supply Risk vs Economic Risk
Scarcity and Resource efficiency
Sustainable Natural Resources Project, Phase 2A project report, University of Dundee, 2012
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Why Standardise?
Quality
Efficiency
Safety
Interchangeability
Reliability
BETTER BUSINESSBETTER REGULATION
BETTER PRODUCTS AND SERVICES
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Specification and Procurement
Requirements understood by all parties
Understood rules where the risks are known
In terms of construction…
Simplifies specification
Simplifies conformity
Reduces costs
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Types of Standards
International standards
ISO
Regional standards ASEAN
National standardsMalaysia (MS)
Thailand (TISI) Vietnam (TVCN)
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Developing New Standards – Which Approach?
15Webinar 5: Performance of recycled aggregate concrete:
strength and stiffness, J de Brito, Tecnico Lisboa, March 2021Webinar 6: Performance of recycled aggregate concrete: Durability, K A Paine, University of Bath, March 2021
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Developing New Standards – Which Approach?
Webinar 4: British standards and the use of recycled aggregate in concrete, C Clear, Mineral Products Association, February 2021
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Appropriate Standards for Appropriate Use
17Webinar 1: Recycled aggregates and use in concrete construction: the basics,
R K Dhir, Applying Concrete Knowledge, UoD, UoB, TCD, January 2021
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Barriers, Challenges and Incentives
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Standards for Recycled Aggregate
Concrete
Culture and Incentives
Sourcing and Supply Chain
Consistency and QA/QC
Evidencing/EnsuringPerformance
EconomicViability
Impact and LCA
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Culture and Incentives
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Customer perceptions and requirements
Processes and Products
Webinar 3: Effects of Recycled Aggregate Concrete on Societies, Norshahrizan Nordin, University Malaysia Perlis, February 2021
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Culture and Incentives
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Hong Kong Government introduced the Construction Waste Disposal Charging Scheme in December 2005 to ensure that disposal of construction and demolition (C&D) waste is properly priced to reduce such waste.
Landfill Tax (1996 ‐ )
https://www.sepa.org.uk/regulations/waste/scottish‐landfill‐tax/
Aggregate Levy (2002 ‐ )
https://www.gov.uk/government/publications/review‐of‐the‐aggregates‐levy/review‐of‐the‐aggregates‐levy‐discussion‐paper
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Economic Viability
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Processing Plants: Mobile or Static?
Throughput of C&DWCapital CostsCrusherScreenerLoaders
Operating CostsSkilled / Unskilled LabourManagementEnergy
MaintenanceTransportWaste Disposal
Land Acquisition A model for assessing the economic viability of construction and demolition waste recycling—the case of Ireland, X Duran, H Lenihan, B O’Regan, Resources Conservation and Recycling. 46. 2006
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Sourcing and Supply Chain
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Is RA/RCA always the most sustainable option?
https://tools.breeam.com/filelibrary/Consultations/SD5078_DRAFT‐UK_nondom_NC_2018‐manual.pdf
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Consistency and QA/QC
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BS EN 933‐11: 2009
Webinar 8: Quality Control of Recycled Concrete Aggregates, Arvind Suryavanshi, PT Pionirbeton Industri, May 2021
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Evidencing and Ensuring Performance
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ManilaMean Temp = 28°C Mean RH = 75%
BangkokMean Temp = 26°C Mean RH = 80%
Performance Requirements
X0 - No risk of corrosion or attack XC - Corrosion induced by carbonation
XD - Corrosion induced by chlorides (not seawater)XS - Corrosion induced by chlorides from seawater
XA - Chemical attack
Suitable Performance Test Methods
Reliable?Repeatable?
Reproducible?Cost effective?
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Impact and Life Cycle Analysis
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Life cycle assessment and life cycle costing toward eco‐efficiency concrete waste management in Malaysia, C M Maha T Fujiwaraa, C S Ho, Journal of Cleaner Production, 172 (2018) 3415‐3427
Landfill (Business as Usual)
S3: Process and use in Use in Readymix Concrete
S2: Process and use in Use as Roadbase Material
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Way forward?
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Client Education
Research and Field Trials
Cost/Benefit Studies
V&A Dundee ©Hufton+Crow
Scotland’s first and only design museum, welcomed its one millionth visitor in February 2020.
Designed by the renowned Japanese architect, Kengo Kuma, showcases the best in international design and blockbuster exhibitions.
Thank YouDr Moray Newlands [email protected]