Wednesday 8/12/15; Thursday 8/13/15

O The syllabus quiz will be completed first

O Number a lined sheet of paper #1-15 please!

O Please write your name on the tab of the manila folder as well ( I will pass a sharpie around)

O You have 5 minutes to look over the syllabus silently before we begin! (only 2A-haven’t taken it the first time)

O Good luckUnit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

Unit 1

Louisiana's Physical and Cultural Geography

Lessons1-3 Objectives

• I can use time zones in the United States or the International Date Line to • I can interpret a map or representation of a globe and calculate current

times in different places? • I can locate major landforms and geographic features, places, and bodies of

water/waterways on a map of Louisiana? • I can students construct a map based on narrative information? • I can students construct a chart or diagram to display geographical

information in an organized way?

• I can describe and analyze the distinguishing physical and/or human characteristics of Louisiana regions?

• I can describe ways in which location and physical features have influenced historical events in Louisiana and the development of the state?

• I can explain how or why specific regions are changing as a result of physical phenomena?

• I can identify and describe factors that cause a Louisiana region to change?

Lesson 1 Basic Map Skills

Lesson 1: Basic Map Skills

• Identify the continents and oceans• Recognize basic parts of a map • Understand basic map skills—longitude,

latitude, scale, etc.• Examine different geographical features of

Louisiana

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What are the world’s oceans?

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What are the world’s oceans?

Atlantic, Pacific, Arctic, Indian, Southern (surrounds Antarctica)

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What are the world’s continents?

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What are the world’s continents?

Africa, Antarctica, Asia, Australia, Europe, North America, South America

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What ocean do you cross when traveling from the United States to Europe? Africa? Australia?

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What ocean do you cross when traveling from the United States to Europe? Africa? Australia?

Atlantic; Atlantic; Pacific

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What continent do you cross when traveling east from the United States to Russia?

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

What continent do you cross when traveling east from the United States to Russia?

Europe

What’s on a map?

Maps have a lot of information. You need to know how to read them.

There are several parts to a map which explain details and help you really see where you are and where you're going.

Parts of a map

Legend Compass Rose Cardinal Directions Scale

Legend Help you decode

the symbols used on a map.

Also called a key.

The “clues” on this map include symbols for parts of a fairground.

Compass Rose

The compass rose shows the cardinal directions on a map: north, south, east, and west.

Scale

The scale helps you measure the distance between two places. When you know the distance you can calculate how long the trip will take.

Types of MapsSome Types of Maps are:

Political –shows boundaries, states, countries, that are man made

Reference Physical –shows natural features, i.e.,

water, landforms, etc. Historical Economic Road map

World Map The 7 large land areas are the

continents. (North America, South America, Africa, Europe, Asia, Australia, and Antarctica)

The 4 largest bodies of water are the oceans. (Pacific, Arctic, Atlantic, Indian)

LocationLocation and distance are stated using a system known as latitude and longitude.

Two Types:absolute location for a place is the exact spot on the earth’s surface where a place is found. The line of latitude is always read first followed by the line of longitude.

Relative location:

Parallels measure a location’s distance N or S. of the equator and run from E to W.

Latitude is measured in degrees from 0 to 90. Famous line of latitude is the equator and it is

0 degrees. It runs around the center of the earth and divides the earth in half.

Latitude

Longitude

Meridians measure a location’s distance E or W of the prime meridian and run from N to S.

Longitude is measured in degrees from 0 to 180.

Famous line of longitude is the Prime Meridian and it is 0 degrees. It runs around the center of the earth through Greenwich, England and divides the earth in half.

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

Time Zones Earth has 24 time zones. United States has six. Pacific, Mountain, Central and Eastern

are the four time zones in the contiguous (connected) United States.

The earth rotates on its axis once every 24 hours. For this reason, the earth is divided into 24 standard time zones, one time zone for each hour in the day.

The earth rotates towards the east, which means that if you cross into the next time zone to the east, it is one hour later. If you cross into the next time zone in the west, it is one hour earlier.

The International Date Line plays an important role in time zones. It is located at 180 degrees longitude.

If you are standing on the east side of the International Date Line it is one day (Monday); however, on the west side, it is a day ahead (Tuesday)

LA is in the central time zone.

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

O Add an hour as you move eastO Subtract an hour as you move west

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

Lets Review

10 Minutes

“What's your zone”

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

Lesson 1 ClosureObjective: Can students use time zones in the United States or the International Date Line to Interpret a map or representation of a globe and calculate current times in different places?

Did we meet the objective for today?I can locate major landforms and geographic features, places, and bodies of water/waterways on a map of Louisiana?

I can construct a map based on narrative information? 

Louisiana’s Geography

States that border LA

Mississippi—East (33ْ N)

Texas—West (94ْ W)Arkansas—North (33ْ N)

Waterways that border LA

EastUpper east--MS River Lower east-- Pearl River

WestToledo Bend Sabine RiverSouthGulf of Mexico

A Geologic History All Its Own

Geology: The study of how the earth was formed

Pangaea: 250 million years ago, the world’s landmass was one giant continent.

Pangaea was also known as “All Land.” At end of Paleozoic Era, Pangaea began

breaking apart, and the continents drifted away from one another.

Ocean formed between continents; Gulf of Mexico formed.

Pangaea

Gulf Coastal Plain During the Ice Age, much of the world’s water was trapped

in glaciers. Ocean levels were about 400 feet lower than today. The glaciers froze and melted several times. As the glaciers melted, the Mississippi River flooded the

Louisiana coastline. Mississippi River deposited sediment into the Gulf of

Mexico, filling in part of it. Sediment: suspended particles of dirt and sand carried by

rivers Coastal plains developed. Coastal plain: relatively low flat region built up by river

sediment Continental shelf: the edge of landmass where the Gulf’s

floor drops off into very deep water The Gulf Coastal Plain is formed of layers of river sediment. Louisiana is the only state that lies entirely on the Gulf

Coastal Plain.

Closure: How did we meet our daily objectives?

Identify the continents and oceans Recognize basic parts of a map Understand basic map skills—

longitude, latitude, scale, etc. Examine different geographical

features of Louisiana

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

1. North America2. South America3. Africa4. Asia5. Europe

Match the letters on the map with the places and physical features of the earth.

6. Australia7. Antarctica8. Indian Ocean9. Atlantic Ocean10. Pacific Ocean

Closure: Map Quiz

Lesson 2Rivers and Coastal Erosion Objectives

Appreciate the geography of Louisiana Identify problems/ propose solutions for

Louisiana’s wetlands and coast Understand the impact of natural disasters on

Louisiana and the effects of them

Rivers Rivers’ sediment creates the land. Rivers’ movement shapes the land.

Floodplains A floodplain is a low flat valley with swamps,

lakes and deciduous trees. It also serves as a reservoir to hold excess water when the river floods. Deltas

Formed when a river flows into an ocean Mississippi Delta: where the river enters the

Gulf of Mexico

Coastal Marshes

Wet grasslands formed by river sediment deposited along the coast

Freshwater, saltwater, or brackish (mixture) depending on nearness to the ocean

Coastal Erosion One of Louisiana’s biggest ecological problems More than 35 square miles of land is lost each

year.

Going…Going…Gone? Causes of Coastal Erosion

As the river abandons its original delta, sediment no longer rebuilds the coastline.

Pounding waves and severe storms accelerate erosion.

Global warming causes ocean levels to rise, which causes coastal marshes to disappear.

Levee systems force sediment into the deep waters of the Gulf, where it cannot settle and rebuild the coastlines.

Coastal Area At Risk

Human InterferenceDamaging Practices Dammed rivers create reservoirs that trap the

sediment that would otherwise refresh the marshland.

The search for oil involves the construction of pipelines and canals that allow saltwater intrusion, which kills the marsh grasses that hold soil in place.

Marshlands may sink because of vast holes created by underground drilling for oil and/or salt.

Preservation Measures Grasses are being planted to keep soil intact. Sand is pumped onto barrier islands to reinforce

them. Caernarvon Diversion Project and Davis Pond

Freshwater Diversion

What are wetlands?

Wetlands- swamps, marsh, and other areas that have a natural supply of water and are covered

or soaked with water at least part of the year.

Uses of LA’s wetlands Recreational opportunities Thriving habitats Wildlife pantry Water filter (maintains water quality) Storm buffer/controls flooding Economic resource

Unit 1: Louisiana’s Physical and Cultural Geography

Problems facing LA Wetlands

Coastal Erosion

Flooding

Natural Causes: subsidence, wave erosion, salt water intrusion, sea level rising, tropical storms/hurricanes

Human Causes: because of our ever-increasing population, humans have eliminated or converted millions of acres of wetlands for other uses. We drain wetlands to create more land for agriculture and urban development.

Louisiana’s wetlands are disappearing at a rate of one football field EVERY 30 MINUTES

Louisiana animals are losing their habitat.

What can we do to help? Get Involved! Save Water (reduced amount of water going

through sewage treatment plants) Dispose of household products, pesticides, and

other chemicals carefully Help to control soil erosion (reduce hard surfaces

around your home) Recycle your Christmas Trees! Conservation Regulate Use Restoration Projects

(EX: replanting marsh grasses)

Closure Lesson 2Can students describe and analyze the distinguishing physical and/or human characteristics of Louisiana regions? Can students describe ways in which location and physical features have influenced historical events in Louisiana and the development of the state? Can students explain how or why specific regions are changing as a result of physical phenomena? Can students identify and describe factors that cause a Louisiana region to change?

Lesson 3Louisiana’s Natural

Resources

Appreciate the natural resources found in Louisiana

Identify Louisiana’s natural resources and locate them on a map

Salt Domes Ancient seas dried up, leaving a layer of salt

and other minerals exposed on the ocean floor.

Famous Salt DomesThe Five Islands

Jefferson Island Avery Island Weeks Island Cote Blanche Belle Isle

Louisiana’s Natural Resources

Mississippi delta is rich with natural resources.

Sulphur

Closely associated with salt domes Used to make acids, fertilizer, rubber, paper, and

other products One of Louisiana’s important minerals

Oil Oil production has been the most important part of our

economy for many years.

Coal Created when organic material is compressed by layers of

sediment

Physical and Cultural Geography

Geography: the study of places, their locations, and their physical and human characteristics

Physical geography: the study of landforms, oceans, weather, and climate

Cultural geography: the study of how people have interacted with, changed, and adapted to different places on the earth

Louisiana’s physical geography has shaped its cultural

geography.

Geographic Location

Resembles a boot Florida Parishes stretch from Baton Rouge to

Hammond to Bogalusa Of the 50 states, LA ranks 31st in size 3,600 square miles of water (1/4 of the state is

wet)

Boundaries

Four natural boundaries: • Mississippi River to the east• Pearl River to the east • Gulf of Mexico to the south• Sabine River to the west

Three artificial boundaries: • 33 north latitude: Separates Louisiana

and Arkansas• 31 north latitude: Separates the Florida

Parishes from Mississippi• 94 west longitude: Separates Louisiana

from Texas

Louisiana’s

Boundaries

Closure: How did we meet our daily objectives?

. Can students describe and analyze the distinguishing physical and/or human characteristics of Louisiana regions?

 . Can students construct a chart or diagram to display geographical information in an organized way?

Lets Review

Mapping Louisiana Activity Packet