Unit 3Cells

Characteristics of Life Notes

Ecosystems are all of the (living) and (nonliving) parts of an area. Basically the with the ‘nonliving’ parts.

What does it mean to be alive???? There are of life!!1. Living things are

a. = organisms made of one cell – like

b. = organisms made of more than one cell – like

2. Living things a. = 2 cells from different parents to form

that are b. = single cell divides to produce

3. Living things have universal (DNA)a. This code allows organisms to be and specific for their

4. Living things a. each has a unique b. cells differentiate (change and grow) to allow for

5. Living things require a.

i. Require energy from or b.

i. Require energy from the

6. Living things to their a. must be able to adapt to their b.

7. Living things maintain a. Homeostasis – process that allows to maintain their

b. Example – to cool off

Cellular Organelle NotesOrganelle Function Cell Type Picture ‘City Job’Cell Membrane

Nucleus

Nuclear Envelope

Ribosome

Rough Endoplasmic Reticulum

Smooth Endoplasmic Reticulum

Golgi Apparatus

Organelle Function Cell Type Picture ‘City Job’Lysosome

Centrioles

Cytoskeleton

Mitochondria

Chloroplast

Vacuole

Cell Wall

Cytoplasm

Label the cell membrane

The Cell Membrane Notes

Homeostasis – ‘Maintaining a Balance’- Living organisms must to their environment- Cells must keep the of things inside the cell

Structure of the Cell (or plasma) Membrane- – two sheets of phospholipids

o Found all and all of its o Embedded with and strengthened with

What’s a phospholipid?

Selective Permeability- Allowing some materials to while keeping others out

o ‘ ’ membrane- Maintains balance

o Keeping in o Eliminating

Membrane Proteins- what particles can the membrane- Serve as (speed up )- Two types

o = tunnelo = gate

Fluid Mosaic- Membrane is made up of that can freely

within the

Transport in the Cell- All cell transportation is done by the cell membrane- Our cells use two types of transportation

o Active ( )o Passive ( )

Passive Transport- 2 types

o o

- Diffusiono Movement of particles from a solution of to a solution of

o Caused by Brownian motion

When particles into each othero This transport continues until the two solutions reach equilibrium

- Facilitated Diffusion

o Uses Ion channels

o Act as tunnels that allow particles to ‘ ’ into the of the cell

o Temperature and concentration gradient change the rate of diffusion Hotter = better Large difference = faster

- Osmosiso Special o DEFINITION = diffusion (movement) of water across a

membraneo Water will move from a to a

to reach Cell Concentration

o How much solute (part dissolved) is in a solvent (liquid dissolving)o Type of concentrations

Hypertonic = Hypotonic = Isotonic =

Transport in the Cell- All cell transportation is done by the cell membrane- Our cells use two types of transportation

o Active ( )o Passive ( )

Active Transport- Uses energy- Particles move from an area of to an area of

3 types1. Carrier Pumps

a. Proteins are in b. Energy shape of the so substances can

2. Endocytosisa. Taking into the cell b. Cell membrane particle

i. ‘cell eating’ = ii. ‘cell drinking’ =

3. Exocytosis a. Forces material b. Allows