Week 13 Benchmark

Review

____1607_______ was the year Jamestown,

Virginia was established as the first permanent

English settlement.

______1620_________ was the year Plymouth,

Massachusetts was settled

___1776__________was the year the Declaration of

Independence was written by Thomas Jefferson. It

stated the grievances against the king and reasons for war.

___Mayflower Compact____ This document was signed in

1620 establishing representative government in the Plymouth

colony. Helped establish representative government that

leads to our present Constitution.

__House of Burgesses___-Important to the

development of democracy in the 13 colonies because it was the first representative

assembly in the colonies.

_____New England___- In which colonial region did good harbors, abundant forests, rocky soil, and a

short growing season most influence the economy?

_____ New England___- In which colonial region were houses clustered around a village “common” and each family worked strips of land

in communal fields

____slave____- Large plantations in the Southern colonies

depended on what type of labor

__religious_____- What type of freedom were

colonists who settled in Massachusetts, Rhode Island, Maryland, and

Pennsylvania seeking?

___Magna Carta___ This document was signed by the King in 1215 establishing the

right to trial by jury and limiting his power

___English Bill of Rights__- Passed in 1689 in England, this document guaranteed

English citizens certain rights and was used as a model for

the U.S. Bill of Rights

__Atlantic Ocean_-Colonial Boston, Philadelphia, and

New York were good places for settlement because they

were located near the

____Revolutionary___ The writing of the Declaration of Independence was an event that happened in what era?

life, liberty, & pursuit of happiness- these are

unalienable rights (cannot be taken away without due

process). List three mentioned in the Declaration of

Independence

___grievances___- included in the Declaration of

Independence to identify reasons the colonies were upset and separating from

England

_French and Indian War__- A war fought in the colonies

between France and England that was very costly

to Britain and led to “taxation without representation.”

___taxing____- After the French and Indian War, Britain

placed the colonies under strict control and began

______ them to help pay for the war. This will lead to the

American Revolution.

Mercantilism__ Economic theory was based on the expectation that the

colonies were to supply England with raw materials so they could manufacture goods to sell to the colonies. (money

= power)

_George Washington__ was the commander in chief of

the Continental Army.

____King George III___ King of England during the Revolutionary War.

__Proclamation of 1763_ Act designed to protect the

colonists and prevent further Native American

uprisings. The colonists saw this act as tyranny!

_Proclamation of 1763_-The above prevented the

colonists from moving west of what mountain range?

Quartering Act - Practice the British used to supply housing

for their soldiers in the colonies. Colonists saw this as

a violation of their rights.

_____Stamp______- Act which required that every newspaper, pamphlet and other legal documents be

printed on legal paper with an official stamp or seal, on it.

__Great Britain__What country passed laws like the Stamp Act, Navigation Acts,

Townshend Acts, and Tea Act that restricted the

colonists?

__Enraged the patriots!_ What effect did the

engraving of the Boston Massacre have on colonial

public opinion? (propaganda)

__colonists or people____ “No taxation without

representation” expresses a belief in the consent of

who?

__Common Sense__ Pamphlet was written by

Thomas Paine to encourage independence.

___boycott___- refusing to buy goods. These were an effective way of protesting

British policies because they caused and economic $

hardship for British merchants

__civil disobedience_- refusal to obey laws citizens

believe to be unjust. An example is boycott and

Boston Tea Party

____Boston Tea Party___- Sam Adams led the Sons of

Liberty to throw the tea into the Boston Harbor as an act of civil disobedience to the king. The refused to pay the tax on

tea. What was this event called?

___Intolerable Acts____- Closed the Boston Harbor until the people of Boston paid for the lost tea. They

also restricted the freedom of the citizens of Massachusetts

___3,000 miles away__ was a major disadvantage of the

British during the Revolution.

_Lexington and Concord___ is considered “the shot heard round the world.”

Start of the Revolutionary War.

___Saratoga____is considered the turning point

of the Revolutionary War. France and Spain decided to

aid the Americans

______Yorktown____the last battle of the

Revolutionary War. General Cornwallis surrendered

____Valley Forge___Winter camp in 1777 -1778 of General Washington and the American

army where troops did not have proper supplies

__Mississippi River____ the western boundary of the US after the Treaty of Paris was

signed in 1783.

__Haym Solomon____- Jewish merchant who made

loans to help finance the new government during the

Revolutionary War

__James Armistead____- An African American slave who

spied on British troop movements and reported to

Americans during the Revolutionary War.

____Wentworth Cheswell__- African American teacher and land owner. Like Paul Revere,

he made the midnight ride going north while Revere rode

west

__Bernardo Galvez__- Led Spanish armies against the

British in the American Revolution

_____Crispus Attucks__- African American who was the 1st person killed at the

Boston Massacre

___Patrick Henry____- Said “…give me liberty, or give me

death!” and “If this be treason, then make the most of it.” He

was an Anti-federalist who opposed ratification of the

Constitution because it didn’t contain a Bill of Rights

Marquis de Lafayette_- He came from France to aide

Washington in the Revolutionary War. He helped

with supplies and money

___Mercy Otis Warren___- Poet. She inspired colonists against British policies. She

was known as the “First Lady of the American Revolution.”

__Abigail Adams___- One of the first women’s rights activists. Wife of John

Adams, she always wrote in her letters, “John, remember

the ladies.”

___farms_____- During the American Revolution, the

most common way American women helped the Patriot cause was by

managing the family _____.