Week 2 HSA questions

April 16-April 20

Question 10

Which of these supply the main energy source used in cellular respiration?

a. lipidsb. amino acidsc. nucleic acidsd. carbohydrates

Question 11

A researcher is testing the effect of acid rain on living organisms. She takes a tissue sample and places it in acid rainwater, which decreases its pH. As the pH decreases, what will most likely happen to the enzyme reaction rates in the cells of this tissue?

a. They will increase.b. They will decrease.c. They will stay the same.d. They will increase and level off.

Question 12Scientists have recently discovered a new species that lives

attached to the side of a tree. An organism from this new species

• is multicellular• has cell walls• has vascular tissues• makes its own food• has structures that absorb moisture from the airWhich of these is not true about cells in the new organism?a. They contain nuclei.b. They use vacuoles for storage.c. They contain mitochondria.d. They use pseudopodia to move.

Question 13

A scientist is trying to discover a new treatment to stop cancer cells from dividing. In the cancer cells, which of these processes will stop if the treatment is successful?

a. mitosisb. chemosynthesisc. binary fissiond. genetic recombination

Question 14

Which of these is not a direct function of the skeletal system?

a. blood circulationb. muscle attachmentc. support of the bodyd. protection of the organs

Question 15Use the description of the experiment below to answer the

following.A student washes her hands with antibacterial soap and water. Then she touches the agar in a petri dish with her thumb. The agar contains nutrients that support the growth of bacteria. Other students repeat the procedure after washing their hands with three different kinds of antibacterial soap. The petri dishes are kept warm overnight to allow bacteria to grow. The next day the students count the number of bacterial colonies in each dish.What should be the effect of the soap in this experiment?

a. It should be toxic to the bacteria.b. It should help the bacteria to grow.c. It should change the pH of the agar.d. It should destroy the nutrients in the agar.

Question 16

Many bacteria live in fresh water. Which of these statements best describes what will happen when freshwater bacterial cells are placed in salt water?

a. Water leaves the cell, causing the cell to expand.b. Water leaves the cell, causing the cell to shrink.c. Water enters the cell, causing the cell to expand.d. Water enters the cell, causing the cell to shrink.

Question 17A summer camp was built near a lake in the

mountains. The campers used the lake for swimming, fishing, and boating. The relationships between three organisms found in the lake are shown below. Which of these fish cell structures would be most directly affected by a change in the oxygen level of the lake?

a. mitochondrionb. chloroplastc. golgi apparatusd. endoplasmic reticulum

Question 18

Specialized cells in the rafflesia flowers undergo a process that produces gametes. What is this process called?

a. binary fissionb. meiosisc. fertilizationd. enzyme regulation

Question 19Most organisms need oxygen for their cells to

function normally. In mammals, two organ systems work together to move oxygen throughout the body.The respiratory system brings oxygen into the body from the environment. Which of these body systems is directly involved in the delivery of oxygen to the major organs of the human body?

a. the nervous systemb. the digestive systemc. the endocrine systemd. the circulatory system

Question 20

Most carbohydrates in the human body area. used as building blocks for proteinsb. used as catalysts for reactions in cellsc. consumed as a source of energyd. not easily absorbed into the bloodstream

Question 21Hemoglobin is an important protein in red blood

cells. The DNA code for hemoglobin contains the following segment:

TGC-GGA-CTC-CTCWhich of these is the messenger RNA code for

this segment of DNA?a. ACG-CCT-GAA-GAAb. TCC-GGT-CTC-CTCc. ACG-CCU-GAG-GAGd. UGC-GGA-CUC-CUC

Question 22

Which of these is produced as a result of fertilization?

a. a zygote with twice the number of chromosomes as a gamete

b. an egg with half the number of chromosomes as a zygote

c. a gamete with twice the number of chromosomes as a zygote

d. a zygote with half the number of chromosomes as a gamete

Question 23Starch turns blue-black in the presence of iodine

solution. A selectively permeable dialysis sac containing a starch solution is placed into a beaker of iodine solution. If the dialysis sac is permeable only to water and iodine, what will the solutions in the beaker and the sac look like after two hours?

a. The iodine solution in the beaker will turn blue-black; the starch solution will not change.

b. The starch solution in the dialysis sac will turn blue-black; the iodine solution will not change.

c. Neither solution will turn blue-black.d. Both solutions will turn blue-black.

Question 24

In the early 1900s, many children had a disease called rickets. Research showed that the children had a deficiency of a vitamin that is necessary for the proper formation of bones.Which of these vitamins was lacking in the diets of these children?

a. vitamin Ab. vitamin Cc. vitamin Dd. vitamin K

Week 3 HSA Questions

April 23-April 27

Question 25Amylase is an enzyme

that allows the human body to digest starch. Which of these diagrams best represents part of the structure of amylase?

Question 26Corals are marine animals that often live in tropical

seas. Many types of corals have unicellular algae living in their tissues. The algae provide up to 98 percent of the corals' food. The corals provide protection and inorganic nutrients for the algae.Some coral cells undergo meiosis. Which of these would not occur during meiosis?

a. formation of a zygoteb. chromosomes crossing-overc. production of gametesd. reduction in number of chromosomes

Question 27Most bacteria do not have the ability to break

down oil that is accidentally spilled into the ocean by tankers. However, scientists can insert a gene into the DNA of a bacterium to give it the ability to break down the oil. This technology is an example of

a. crossing-overb. DNA replicationc. gene splicingd. translation

Question 28In humans, the allele for dimples (D) is dominant.

The allele for not having dimples (d) is recessive. A woman (DD) and a man (Dd) have four children. Which of these is the predicted ratio of the children with dimples to the children without dimples?

a. 1:0b. 1:1c. 1:3d. 3:1

Question 29

Some types of bacteria live deep in the ocean where sunlight cannot reach. These bacteria use the energy stored in inorganic molecules to make sugars.Which of these processes do the bacteria use to produce sugars?

a. photosynthesisb. chemosynthesisc. aerobic respirationd. nitrogen fixation

Question 30

After an egg cell containing 16 chromosomes is fertilized, how many chromosomes will be present in the zygote?

a. 8b. 16c. 32d. 64

Question 31In horses, the allele for straight hair (B) is dominant

to the allele for curly hair (b). Which of these sets of parents can produce offspring with curly hair?

a. a heterozygous male with straight hair and a homozygous female with straight hair

b. a homozygous male with curly hair and a homozygous female with straight hair

c. a heterozygous male with straight hair and a heterozygous female with straight hair

d. a homozygous male with straight hair and a homozygous female with straight hair

Question 32

Sea stars are genetically different from each other and from their parents. These genetic differences are the result of

a. mitosisb. cloningc. sexual reproductiond. asexual reproduction

Question 33

Which of these correctly matches the molecule with its function?

a. lipid—stores genetic informationb. vitamin—supplies energy to cellsc. enzyme—speeds up chemical reactionsd. carbohydrate—manufactures cell

membranes

Question 34

Deep sea bacteria live at ocean depths too great for light to reach. These bacteria make their own food. Which of these is the source of energy for the bacteria?

a. nucleic acidsb. binary fissionc. inorganic compoundsd. DNA replication

Question 35Use the information below to answer the

following item.A pair of laboratory mice are crossed to obtain offspring. Three alleles found in the female gamete are ABC. Three alleles found in the male gamete are Abc.Which of these is a possible combination of alleles for the offspring produced by these mice?

a. AaBbCcb. AABBCCc. aabbccd. AABbCc

Question 36

Which of these are the repeating units that form a DNA molecule?

a. fatty acidsb. nucleotidesc. amino acidsd. chromosomes

Question 37

Which of these is an example of a heterozygous genotype?

a. Rrb. RRc. wrinkledd. round

Question 38

Which of these results when one nitrogen base replaces another in a segment of genetic material?

a. an enzyme substrateb. a mutationc. a feedback loopd. an adaptation

Question 39

Which of the following pairs of materials is required for a cell to carry on respiration?

a. water and oxygenb. glucose and oxygenc. water and carbon dioxided. glucose and carbon dioxide