week 5: lesson 1c english writing (i) level 1 objectives identify direct and indirect objects...

Week 5: Lesson 1C

English Writing (I)English Writing (I)Level 1Level 1

ObjectivesObjectives

Identify direct and indirect objects (Review)

Helping verbs in questions

Helping verbs or main verbs: have, has, had

Helping verbs or main verbs: be

Helping verbs or main verbs: do, does, did

Modals

Supplementary materials

Identify direct and indirect objectsIdentify direct and indirect objects

Visit the website to help you recognize body parts of a sentence http://grammar.ccc.commnet.edu/grammar/quizzes/bodyparts.htm

Identify direct and indirect objects: Review Identify direct and indirect objects: Review

Point out objects (DO or IO) in the following sentences:

1. They gave the university a large endowment for the scholarship fund.

2. Can you understand anything that professor says?

3. The company has been mailing George CD catalogues ever since he bought his stereo.

4. I just can’t believe whatever he said.5. Did you tell him the truth?

Identify direct and indirect objects: Review Identify direct and indirect objects: Review

IOIO DODO

DODO

DODOIOIO

DODO

DODOIOIO

6. He didn’t know where to go.

7. He really enjoys watching animation pictures.

8. Mandy loves to go skiing.

9. He never shows her wife how he feels about her.

10. Mom makes me a lunch box every day.

DO

DO

DO

IO DO

IO DO

Helping verbs in questions-1Helping verbs in questions-1

1) Yes/No questions

Subject and verb change their position in statement and question.

Statement: You are from France.

Question: Are you from France?

If the answer is "Yes", we always use the long form. Example: Yes, I am.

If the answer is "No", we either use the long or the contracted form (short form).Example: No, I am not - No, I'm not.

2) Questions with question words 2) Questions with question words (simple present- no helping (simple present- no helping verbs)verbs)

Question word+ Be V+ S Question word+ Be V+ S +…? +…?

Where Where are are you you from?from?

WhatWhat is is your name?your name?

How How are are you?you?

3) Yes/No Questions and short answers with the verb 3) Yes/No Questions and short answers with the verb havehave

AuxAux S AV O Yes/No S Aux(+ n'tS AV O Yes/No S Aux(+ n't))

HaveHave you got a cat? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.you got a cat? Yes, I have./No, I haven’t.

4) Questions with question words and the verb 4) Questions with question words and the verb havehave

Question word Aux Question word Aux S S AV O ? AV O ?

Where have you got the pen?Where have you got the pen?



5) Questions without question words in the simple present tense

Aux S AV O

Do you play baseball?

Does he smoke?

Yes/No S Aux (+ n't)

No, I don’t.

Yes, he does.

Helping verbs in questions-4Helping verbs in questions-46) Questions with question words in the Simple PresentQuestion word Aux S AV O?When do you go to work?

Answer: I go to work at eight o’clock.

7) Questions without question words in the Simple PastAux S AV ODid you believe him?

S Aux AV ONo, I didn’t believe him.


NOTE:Be V. S S.C. Adv. (No aux.)Were you in Taipei yesterday?

8) Questions with question words in the Simple PastQuestion word Aux S AV Adv.

What did you do this morning?

NOTE: Question word Be V S Adv.Where were you this morning?

Helping verbs in questions-6Helping verbs in questions-69) Subject question

S AV O S Aux

Who stole the bike? Mike did.

Who runs the store? My father does.

10) Object question

O Aux S AV S AV O

What did you take? I took a ruler.

• What’s the difference?

Who called you? Who did you call?

Helping verbs in questions-Exercise 1Helping verbs in questions-Exercise 1Identify helping verbs and change the following sentences into questions.Identify helping verbs and change the following sentences into questions.

• Simple Present - Simple Present - He writes lettersHe writes letters..

• Present Progressive - Present Progressive - He is writing lettersHe is writing letters..

• Simple Past - Simple Past - He wrote lettersHe wrote letters..

• Past Progressive - Past Progressive - He was writing lettersHe was writing letters..

• Present Perfect - Present Perfect - He has written lettersHe has written letters..

• Present Perfect Progressive - Present Perfect Progressive - He has been writing lettersHe has been writing letters..

• Past Perfect - Past Perfect - He had written lettersHe had written letters..

• will-future - will-future - He will write letters.He will write letters.

• going to-future - going to-future - He is going to write lettersHe is going to write letters..

• Conditional - Conditional - He would write lettersHe would write letters..

Helping verbs in questions-Exercise 1(answers)Helping verbs in questions-Exercise 1(answers)

He writes letters.He writes letters.Simple Present – Simple Present – Present Progressive – Present Progressive – Simple Past – Simple Past – Past Progressive –Past Progressive –Present Perfect – Present Perfect – Present Perfect Progressive –Present Perfect Progressive –

Past Perfect – Past Perfect – will-future – will-future – going to-future – going to-future – Conditional – Conditional –

Does he write letters?Does he write letters?Is he writing letters?Is he writing letters?

Did he writeDid he write letters? letters?

Was he writing letters?Was he writing letters?Has he written letters?Has he written letters?

Has he been writingHas he been writing

Had he written letters?Had he written letters?

Will he write letters?Will he write letters?Is he going to write letters?Is he going to write letters?

Would he write letters?Would he write letters?

letters?letters?

Helping verbs in questions-Exercise 2Helping verbs in questions-Exercise 2

The class plays football. 1) John is writing a letter. 2) She walks home from school.

Who walks home from school?

3) The children are sitting in the garden. Where are the children sitting?

4) Peter runs with his dog on Sundays. When does Peter run with his dog?

5) My rabbit has a cage in the garden. What does your rabbit have in the garden?

6) They go to work by bus. 7) David likes cats because they are nice.

Why does David like cats?

8) Jenny isn't sleeping late today. Who isn't sleeping late today?

9) We are going to the cinema. 10) I'm leaving now.

What does the class play?

What is John writing?

How do they go to work?

Where are we going?

When are you leaving?

Helping verbs: have, has, had (1)Helping verbs: have, has, had (1)

The verb have can be an auxiliary verb or a main verb in English. Have as a main verb in the Simple Present (have, has, don't have, doesn't have)

e.g. I have a new scooter. I don’t have a scooter.e.g. He has a son. He doesn’t have a son.

Have as a main verb in the Simple Past (had, didn't have)

e.g. He had a piano. He didn’t have a piano.

Helping verbsHelping verbs: have, has, had (2): have, has, had (2)Have as an auxiliary verb in the perfect tenses.

e.g. He has found a place to stay. (present perfect)e.g. He had found a place to stay. (past perfect)e.g. He will have found a place to stay. (future perfect)

Have as an auxiliary verb and a main verb in the perfect tenses.

e.g. He has had some ice cream. (present perfect)

e.g. He had had some ice cream. (past perfect)

e.g. He will have had some ice cream. (future perfect)

Helping verbsHelping verbs: have, has, had (Exercise): have, has, had (Exercise)

Identify verbs as an auxiliary verb or a main verb. Example: Lena has a new guitar. Answer: main verb

1) This old house has no central heating.

2) Do you have a glass of water?

3) I have had this computer for three years.

4) She has had her dog since 2005.

5) Lisa has been singing for 10 minutes now.

main verbmain verb

main verbmain verb

main verbmain verb

auxiliary verbauxiliary verb


main verbmain verb


6) My parents had fish for dinner.

7) Did you have a shower this morning?

8) Frank had played tennis when he was 12.

9) Look, the bus is coming. We have to hurry.

10) Has Mrs. Jones written the essay?

main verbmain verb


main verbmain verb

main verbmain verb


Helping verbs: Be-1Helping verbs: Be-1

The Verb- be can be an auxiliary verb or a main verb in English.

be as a main verb in the Simple Present (am, are, is) and in the Simple Past (was, were)

e.g. I am from Taiwan. He isn’t from England.

e.g. He was asleep. I wasn’t.


be as an auxiliary verb in the Present Progressive (is, are, am) and Past Progressive (was, were)

e.g. I am talking.

e.g. He was lying.


be as an auxiliary verb in the passive:

Simple Present (is, are, am): A house is built.

Simple Past (was, were): A house was built.

Will- future (be): A house will be built.

going-to future (be): A house is going to be built.

Helping verbs: Be (Exercise)Helping verbs: Be (Exercise)Identify Be as an auxiliary verb or a main verb. Example: He is silent. Answer: main verb

1. He is updating his blog. 2. He is interesting. 3. You must be kidding. 4. His answer is false. 5. Tom was cheated by his girlfriend. 6. We were totally mad. 7. Mary was biting her fingernails. 8. I will be fine. 9. How was your father? 10. What were you doing when the fire occurred?

Aux VAux V

Main VMain VAux VAux V

Main VMain VAux VAux V

Main VMain V

Aux VAux VMain VMain V

Main VMain V

Aux VAux V

Helping verbs or main verbs: do, doesHelping verbs or main verbs: do, does, , diddid

He does his homework carefully.

He does not work out every day.

What did you do last night?

Main verbMain verb

Auxiliary verbAuxiliary verb

Auxiliary verbAuxiliary verb Main verbMain verb

Helping verbs or main verbs: do, does, did (exerciseHelping verbs or main verbs: do, does, did (exercise))

What are you doing now?

What have you done to your hair?

He didn’t do the job well.

He did finish his assignment.

We have done all the chores.

I will do it myself.

Main verbMain verb

Main verbMain verb

Aux verbAux verb Main verbMain verb

Aux verbAux verb

Main verbMain verb

Main verbMain verb

Modals-1Modals-1

Modals are: can, could, may, might, must, ought to, shall, should, will, would and need (need can be a full verb, too).

We can play football. We could play football.

We may play football. We might play football.

We must play football. We mustn't play football.

We needn't play football. We ought to play football.

We shall play football. We should play football.

We will play football. We would play football.

Modals-2Modals-21)Do not use modals for things which happen definitely.

The sun rises in the East.2)They do not have an -s in the 3rd person singular.

He can play football.3)Questions are formed without do/does/did.

Can he speak Spanish?4)It follows a full verb in the infinitive.

They must read the book.5)There are no past forms (except could and would).

He was allowed to watch the film.6)When you use the past participle, you tell about things

which did not happen in the past. You should have told me.

Modal: Exercise 1Modal: Exercise 1Use the words in parentheses to complete sentences.1) Last week we _______swimming, this week we can't. (can/to go)2) Maybe the Smiths _______a new house next year. (be able/to

build)3) If you try hard, you_______ your examinations. (can/to pass)4) When I was five, I_______ . (not/can/to swim)5) Dennis _______the trumpet after four months. (can/to play)6) Luke has passed his driving test, now he _______a car. (can/to

drive)7) For three weeks I _______to him on the phone. (not/can/to

speak)8) Alex _______his homework when his desk is in such a mess.

(not/be able/to do)9) They were so busy, they _______me a text message. (not/can/to

write)10) Lisa _______her dress. She can wear it again. (can/to clean)

Modal: Exercise 1 (answers)Modal: Exercise 1 (answers)

1) Last week we _______ swimming, but this week we can't.

2) Maybe the Smiths _______________ a new house next year.

3) If you try hard, you _______ your examinations.

4) When I was five, I ____________.

5) Dennis ________ the trumpet after four months.

could gocould go

will be able to buildwill be able to build

cancan passpass

could not swimcould not swim

could playcould play

6) Luke has passed his driving test, now he _______ a car.

7) For three weeks I _____________ to him on the phone.

8) Alex _________________ his homework when his desk is in such a mess.

9) They were so busy, they ____________ me a text message.

10) Lisa has been able to clean her dress. She ________ it again.

can drivecan drive

could not speakcould not speak

will not be able to dowill not be able to do

could not writecould not write

can wearcan wear

Modals- Exercise 2Modals- Exercise 2

1. You seem to be having trouble there. _________ I help you? (Would/Will/Shall)

2. I don't have enough money to buy lunch. __________ you lend me a couple of dollars? (May/Could/Shall)

3. That ice is dangerously thin now. You ________ go ice-skating today.(mustn't/might not/would mind not to)

4. It's way past my bedtime and I'm really tired. I ________ go to bed.(should/ought/could)

5. He ______________ have committed this crime. He wasn't even in the city that night.(might/shouldn't/couldn't)

ShallShall

CouldCould

mustn’tmustn’t

shouldshould

couldn'tcouldn't

Modal-Exercise 2Modal-Exercise 26. John is over two hours late already, He ___________ missed the

bus again. (should have/must have/will have)7. I'm really quite lost. _______________ showing me how to get

out of here?(Would you mind/Would you be/Must you be)

8. That bus is usually on time. It _________ to be here any time now. (might/has/ought)

9. I read about your plane's near disaster. You ____________ terrified!(might have been/must have been/shall have been)

10. It's the law. They ____________ have a blood test before they get married. (might/could/have to)

11. Professor Villa, we've finished our work for today. _________ we leave now, please? (May/Can/Must)

must have

Would you mind

ought

must have been

have to

May

Supplementary materials of Parts of SpeechSupplementary materials of Parts of Speech

Three little words you often seeAre ARTICLES: a, an, and the.

A NOUN's the name of anything,As: school or garden, toy, or swing.

ADJECTIVES tell the kind of noun,As: great, small, pretty, white, or brown.

VERBS tell of something being done: To read, write, count, sing, jump, or run.

How things are done the ADVERBS tell, As: slowly, quickly, badly, well.

CONJUNCTIONS join the words together,As: men and women, wind or weather.

The PREPOSITION stands beforeA noun as: in or through a door.

The INTERJECTION shows surpriseAs: Oh, how pretty! Ah! how wise!

The whole are called the PARTS of SPEECH,Which reading, writing, speaking teach.

兼用助動詞︰ am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had, do, does, did, need, dare, used專用助動詞（亦稱“情態助動詞”）︰ shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, must, ought, had better

Supplementary materials : Definition of Auxiliary Supplementary materials : Definition of Auxiliary Verbs:Verbs:

the word help the main verb making a tense the word help the main verb making a tense

1.1. 兼用助動詞兼用助動詞︰︰既可當助動詞又可當主動詞的動詞既可當助動詞又可當主動詞的動詞

am, is, are, was, were, have, has, had, do, does, did, need, dare, used

助動詞主動詞Lisa is reading a novel. Lisa is a student.

He does not live in . He does his homework carefully.

You needn’t tell her the truth.

You need a new dress.

We used to sing songs in KTV.

We used a pen to write.

2.2. 專用助動詞專用助動詞︰︰只可作助動詞不可當主動詞的動詞只可作助動詞不可當主動詞的動詞

shall, should, will, would, can, could, may, might, must, ought, had better

You should study hard.

He can run very fast.

Mary may not come tomorrow.

3. 3. 助動詞的特點助動詞的特點︰︰

(1) “ 專用助動詞”無人稱與數的變化• I (He, Lisa, We, They) must study hard.

• You can run fast, and he can too.

(2) “ 專用助動詞” 中僅 ought 後接 to V ，其餘皆直接加動詞原形• You ought to be very careful.

• He will buy a gift for you.

(3)“ 兼用助動詞”之後有的有 to ，有的則無 I don’t know him.

I have to leave for Taipei now.

(4) need （必需 / 需要） / dare （敢）在否定句及疑問句中要加省略 to 的不定詞 I daren’t go out alone at night.

Need I get up at five a.m. tomorrow?

5) 過去式的助動詞未必指過去的事，可能是指現在或未來，除非上下文有明顯的過去時間或談到過去的事

Could you lend me a pen?

《註》請問或拜託時，用 could 比較正式；也可用 can ，但多用於熟人的情況， would 情況亦類似

You should take care of your dog carefully.

《註》 should 除作 shall 的過去式外，在表示主詞的責任或義務“應該” 時要用 should 而非shall

week 5: lesson 1c english writing (i) level 1 objectives identify direct and indirect objects...

Documents

helping verbs question

subject question s av

s aux av o

main verbs

question words simple

yesno questions subject

iodo iodo io slide

indirect objects review