week 8: 20 th cent. & between world wars
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October 25, 2013 Chapters 21 & 22. Week 8: 20 th cent. & between world wars. Agenda:. Today: Early 20 th cent. & between World Wars 11/8 – Modernity; Jeopardy Review 11/15 – Warhol Museum 11/22 – Warhol Presentations 11/29 – NO CLASS 12/6 – Review for final – finish paintings! - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
WEEK 8: 20TH CENT. & BETWEEN
WORLD WARS
October 25, 2013Chapters 21 & 22
Agenda: Today: Early 20th cent. & between World
Wars 11/8 – Modernity; Jeopardy Review 11/15 – Warhol Museum 11/22 – Warhol Presentations 11/29 – NO CLASS 12/6 – Review for final – finish paintings! 12/13 – Final Exam!
Early 20th Century Many things were changing/developing:
Wright Brother’sFreud’s dream interpretation
Industrial Revolution:Creating thousands of new jobsVaccinations and public health lead to
longer life and lower birth rates
FAUVISM
FAUVISM 1905-1907“les fauves” – the wild beast
Henri Matisse – leader of Fauvism
Vigorous brushwork and large flat color
Expanded on innovations of Post-Impressionism
“Harmony in Red” by Matisse
“Joy of Life” by Matisse; 1905-1906
“London Bridge” by Andre Derain; 1906
EXPRESSIONISM
EXPRESSIONISM Emphasizes inner feelings and emotions
over objective depiction
German ExpressionistsThe Bridge – founded by Ernest LudwigThe Blue Rider – lead by Wassily Kandinsky
“Street, Berlin” by Kirchner; 1913
“Self-Portrait with an Amber Necklace” by Paula Modersohn-Becker; 1906
“Blue Mountain” by Wassily Kandinsky; 1908-1909
“Composition, IV” by Kandinsky; 1911
CUBISM
CUBISM Emphasized pictorial composition over
personal expression
Reconstruction of objects based on geometric abstraction
Analyzed subjects from various angles, then painted the abstract references
CUBISM con’t. Mental concepts of seeing something
from all sides
Aimed to show objects as the mind sees, rather than eye perceives them
Synthetic cubism – modifying cubism with color, texture & patterned surfaces and use of cutout shapes
“Les Demoiselles d’Avignon” or “Young Ladies of Avignon” by Picasso; 1907
“Gardanne” by Cezanne; 1885-1886
“Houses at l’Estaque” by Braque; 1908
“The Portuguese” by Braque; 1911
“Guitar” by Picasso; 1912-1913
“Violin, Fruit, and Wineglass” by Picasso; 1913
TOWARDS ABSTRACT SCULPTURE
“Sleep” in 1908 “Sleeping Muse I” in 1909-11
“Newborn I” in 1915
Constantin Bruncusi
“Bird in Space” by Bruncusi; 1928
THE MODERN SPIRIT IN AMERICA
“The Steerage” by Alfred Stieglitz; 1907
“Evening Star” by Georgia O’Keefe; 1917
O’Keeffe, Blue Morning Glories, New Mexico, II, 1935
FUTURISM & The CELEBRATION OF MOTION
“Unique Forms of Continuity in Space” by Umbero Boccioni; 1913
“Nude Descending a Staircase” by Marcel Duchamp; 1912
BETWEEN WORLD WARS
Chapter 22
DADA Began in protest against the horrors of WWI
Began in Zurich as a rallying cry
They rejected most moral, social, political, and aesthetic values
Aimed to shock viewers into seeing absurdity of Western World’s social and political situation
“Fountain” by Marcel Duchamp; 1919
“L.H.O.O.Q” by Marcel Duchamp; 1919
“Cadeau” or “Gift” by Man Ray; 1958
“The Spirit of Our Time” by Raoul Hausmann; 1919
“The Multi-Millionaire” by Hannah Höch; 1912
SURREALISM Launched in Paris
Group of writers and painters gathered to protest direction of European culture
Focused on unconscious mind, dreams, fantasies, and hallucinations
Drew on psychology of Sigmund Freud
“The Horde” by Max Ernest; 1927
“The Persistence of Memory” by Salvador Dali; 1931
CONSTRUCTIVISM Revolutionary movement that began in
Russia
Seeking to create art that is relevant to modern life in form, materials, and content
Rejected traditional view of space, as did Cubists
“Architectonic Composition” by Lyubov Popova; 1917
“Give Me Sun at Night” by Aleksandr Rodchenko; 1923
De Stijl – “The Style”
“Composition (Blue, Red, and Yellow)” by Piet Mondrain; 1922
POLITICAL PROTEST Many artists in the interwar period
focused their art on political life
Protesting against Fascism and dictatorship was a dominant theme
“Guernica” by Picasso Influenced by “experimental” mass bombing
of the defenseless down of Guernica
General Franco had allowed Hitler to use his war machinery on the down as a demo of military power
Bombing leveled 15 square block city center
“Guernica” by Pablo Picasso; 1937
AMERICAN REGIONALISM 1930’s the spread of
the Depression, along with political upheaval, helped motivate artists in the U.S.
“American Gothic” by Grant Wood; 1930
Harlem Renaissance Major force behind
it, “The New Negro” by Alain Locke
Included poets, musicians, novelists, and visual artists
“Forever Free” by Sargent Johnson; 1933
ORGANIC ABSTRACTION Fascist and Communist regimes in
Germany and Russia suppressed modern art
Abstraction Creation in 1931Formed in oppositionAbstract art became a statement on
personal freedom
“Forms in Echelon” by Barbara Hepworth; 1938