wei-shen, hsu 2013 iee5011 –autumn 2013 memory systems solid state drive with flash memory...

Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013

IEE5011 –Autumn 2013Memory Systems

Solid State Drive with Flash Memory

Wei-Shen, HsuDepartment of Electronics Engineering

National Chiao Tung [email protected]

NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013

Outline Introduction An Overview of SSD Drive

The Architecture of SSD The Benefit of SSD Drive

Flash Memory Storage Medium Flash Memory NAND Memory Operational Functions NAND Memory Management Operation

Integrated Lifetime Management Target SSD Architecture Results

Reference

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Introduction

Why SSD?

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An Overview of SSD Drive (1/3)SSD

electrically, mechanically, and software compatible

DRAM-Based SSDsvolatile memoryFlash-Based SSDsnon-volatile memory

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An Overview of SSD Drive (2/3)

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The Architecture of SSDArray of Flash MemoryMicro-ControllerMemory Bus DataI/O Interface


An Overview of SSD Drive (3/3)

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The benefit of SSD driveWithout Moving Mechanical Components

PlattersRead/Write HeadSpindle Motor

Silent Operation


Flash Memory Storage Medium (1/5)

NOR FlashPros: random data accessibility, faster reading capabilityCons: writing and erasing data

NAND FlashPros: large storage capacity, storing and erasing dataCons: random data accessing

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NAND MemoryMemory arrayI/O buffer

PageMain storage areaSpare area

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NAND Memory Operational FunctionsRead : fetch the required dataWrite : 1 → 0Erase : 0 → 1

Three Phases: setup, busy, and data transfer

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Three Access Operations PhasesSetup Phase

determine a targeted page address

Busy Phaseloading the required data into the I/O buffer

Data Transfer Phasesequentially fetch data

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NAND Memory Management OperationOut-Place Updating

the newest updated data is written to some available free page

Garbage Collectionchange the dead pages into free pages

Wear-Levellingcontrol the block erasing operation to increase the block

lifetime

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Target SSD Architecture Lifetime-Enhancement Techniques

Lossless CompressionData DeduplicationPerformance Throttling

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Integrated Lifetime Management (1/4)Integration of Individual Lifetime-Enhancement

Schemesinterval-based approach

enable or disable each lifetime-enhancement scheme

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NCTU IEE5011 Memory Systems 2013Wei-Shen, Hsu 2013 14

Host System

Hash Table

update the FTL’s address mapping table

write to flash memory

Write Request

Lifetime Manager

Hash Key

Match?

Yes No

Integrated Lifetime Management (2/4) Deduplication


Lossless CompressionCompression Chunk

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Integrated Lifetime Management (3/4)

Compression Unit

Several Pages

Flash Memory


Performance ThrottlingDelay write operations

determines a throttling delayregulates the write speed of SSDs

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Integrated Lifetime Management (4/4)


Results Throttling and Integrated that employ performance throttling

can guarantee the 5-year SSD lifetime.

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Reference A. R. Rahiman and P. Sumari, "Solid State Disk: A New Storage Device for Video Storage Server, " in

ITSim 2008 of International Symposium on Information Technology, 2008. Sungjin Lee, Taejin Kim, Ji-Sung Park, and Jihong Kim, "An Integrated Approach for Managing the

Lifetime of Flash-Based SSDs," in Design, Automation & Test in Europe Conference & Exhibition (DATE), 2013.

W.G. Aref, I. Kamel, and S. Ghandeharizadeh, "Disk scheduling in video editing systems," IEEE Transactions on Knowledge and Data Engineering, vol. 13, pp. 933-950, 2011.

D. Reinsel, J. Janukowicz, and R. Perry, "Replacing HDDs with SSDs: The Business Case for Transition," 2007.

F. Chen, T. Luo, and X. Zhang, "CAFTL: A Content-Aware Flash Translation Layer Enhancing the Lifespan of Flash Memory Based Solid State Drives," in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2011.

Y. Park and J.-S. Kim, "Compression Support for Flash Translation Layer," in Proceedings of the International Workshop on Software Support for Portable Storage, 2010.

1.-D. Kang, 1.-S. Kim, C. Park, H. Park, and 1. Lee, "A multi-channel architecture for high-performance NAND flash-based storage system," Journal of Systems Architecture, vol. 53, pp. 644-658, 2007.

S. Lee, T. Kim, K. Kim, and J. Kim, "Lifetime Management of Flash-Based SSDs Using Recovery-Aware Dynamic Throttling," in Proceedings of the USENIX Conference on File and Storage Technologies, 2012.

http://www.topology.com.tw/report/reportcontent.asp?id=445TFSVQESCS9K2GX86GCV8NA5

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Thank you for your attention

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