Welcome to my presentation

Presented by-

Md. Monoar Hossain CP08009

Dept. of Criminology and Police ScienceMawlana Bhashani Science and Technology University

Presentation onThe Development of Under-development

(Dependency Theory) Andre Gunder Frank (1966)

Introduction We are talking about development, and we are emphasizing

on developing the undeveloped and underdeveloped countries. But if we want to take any policy, for these countries, at first we have to look beyond the historical background of these countries. We should also emphasize on the reasons, for which the situation of these countries are being unchanged or decreasing day by day. To giving the theoretical explanation on this matter, A.G. Frank adopted his Dependency theory which is named as “The Development of Under-development”. Here, he emphasized on the development issues and obstacles for the under-developing countries.

Background of the theory1. Failure of Modernization Theory.2. Nature, economic situation, technological

development and reality between developed countries and under-developed countries, colonial and capitalist countries.

3. Marxist view and colonialism(3rd world countries are sleeping beauty)

4. Paul Baran’s equation- Economic surplus = production - consumption

(ES) (P) (C) And The thinking of Centre –Periphery.

More specifically-

This theory came from 4 explanations-1. Raul Plebish (primary and industrial

product) and ECLA.2. Failure of ECLA programmed revolution

(programmed industrialization).3. Marxist thinking and

Neo-Marxism_ Paul Baran(actual and potential surplus).

4. Cuban revolution.

Few concepts-Development: condition of lifestyle and

economic situation is increasing.Under-development: condition of lifestyle and

economic situation is decreasing.undevelopment: unchanged situation.Now-developed: development is on a stable

point.

New terms from A. G. Frank

Two terms-1. Satellite.2. Metropolis.

Satellite- those regions which supplies primary products.

Metropolis-those regions which sucks satellites and its wealth.

Hypothesis of Frank’s theory

Five hypothesis-

1..Which states are joined to world metropolis, they are under-developed. i.e.; development occurs when the state is no ones satellite.

2..The satellites experience their greatest industrial development and especially their most classically capitalist industrial development if and when their ties to their metropolis are weakest. It occurs in two ways-

I. Crisis of war and depression.

II. Geography and economic isolation.

Crisis of war and depression

Crisis of war and depression can weaken the ties of trade and investment. Then the satellites can go to development.

Cause effect World wars Argentina, Brazil, Mexico, Chile

become develop Europe’s 17th century Latin America become industrialized

depression Napoleonic wars Gave rise to the independence movements

in Latin America

Geography and economic isolation

If the geographic and economic isolation break down between the metropolis and satellite, the satellites will become under develop.

Cause Effects on Satellites Meiji restoration Japan able to industrialize so quickly

(china–Japan) Sea route around Develop LATIFUNDIUM

the Horn(panama canal) (export based commercial economy).

Re-satellization Under-development De-satellization Development Un-satellized Satellized Manufacturing destroy

Route of Geographical Satellization

3..The regions which are the most underdeveloped and feudal-seeming today are the ones which had the closest ties to the metropolis in the past.

Regions Primary product West-Indies Sugar Minas Gerais (Brazil) Mine Peru, Bolivia Silver Bengal in India Industrial raw materials

4.. Latifundium evolved on based on the world metropolis and national metropolis.

5..The latifundia which appear isolated , subsistence based, and semi-feudal today saw the demand for their products or their productive capacity decline and they are to be found principally in the above-named former agricultural and mining export regions whose economic activity declined in general.

A.G.Frank’s theory and Crime

Crime among the bureaucrats. Trafficking ( property, labor) Marginalization and crime. Inequality and crime. Reality of survival and crime. Poverty and crime.

Conclusion

If the under-developed regions want to go through the development, at first they have to isolate from the Metropolis or the capitalist states. Then they have to gain independence. If there is any Latifundium, they have to abolish these practice. They should emphasize on their internal industrialization through their primary product, rather than exporting.

Thank you all

Questions&

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