T H E SPILLISSUE 3

Inter-agency response exercise

Life as an NCEC emergency responder

Getting the most out of Chemdata

ADR 2017 changes affecting lithium battery labelling

Latest call statistics

Welcome to the third issue of ‘The Spill’, the chemical safety newsletter for blue light services around the globe.

The Spill provides useful information about

chemical incident management and effective

emergency response from the National

Chemical Emergency Centre (NCEC).

The UK Chemsafe service, managed by NCEC

on behalf of the Department for Transport and

Chemical Industries Association, provides a

free at the point of use advice telephone line

which connects chemical specialists with

the emergency crews attending incidents

involving chemicals. The chemical specialists

can provide advice to emergency services

personnel over the telephone (Level 1) on

hazards, decontamination, reaction predictions

and will endeavour to make contact with the

manufacturer if additional support is required.

In conjunction, NCEC also provides chemical

advice via the European Intervention in

Chemical Emergencies (ICE) network and

directly supports several emergency services

across the world.

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

An excellent training opportunityOn the 1 November 2016, NCEC was invited to observe, and if called upon, take part in a multi-agency exercise coordinated by Bedfordshire, Cambridgeshire and Hertfordshire Road Policing Unit.

The exercise was organised to take

place the day before one of the

biannual Carriage of Dangerous Goods

Practitioners’ forums that NCEC

representatives attend each year. This

forum brings together representatives

from the police, the Vehicle and Operator

Services Agency (VOSA) and other

enforcement agencies to coordinate

dangerous goods enforcement to

promote best practice. They work closely

with the Department for Transport (DfT)

and Health and Safety Executive (HSE).

First responders from Cambridgeshire

Constabulary, Cambridgeshire Fire and

Rescue Service and the East of England

Ambulance Service took part in the

exercise itself and were assisted by LJ

Transportation for the recovery of the

vehicle, which was supplied by Turners

of Soham.

The aim of the exercise was to prepare

front-line responders in Cambridgeshire

for large-scale chemical incidents on

the county’s roads. While such incidents

are uncommon, they can present wide

ranging issues that responders need to

be ready to deal with. The exercise further

aimed to promote coordination and

cooperation between emergency services

to ensure a continued and effective inter-

agency response throughout the county.

Chemsafe is often consulted by

emergency service personnel when

designing exercise scenarios. Our

skilled Emergency Responders

offer their expertise to help create

challenging, but realistic, incident

scenarios that can really test the

capabilities of the emergency services.

In addition, first responders can call

Chemsafe during these exercises,

as they would in a real situation,

to obtain advice and assistance.

This provides a shared learning

opportunity for everyone involved and

allows emergency service personnel

to familiarise themselves with the

Chemsafe service before they are

required to use it in a live situation.

INTER-AGENCY RESPONSE EXERCISEBy Samuel Turner, Emergency Responder

‘Chemsafe is often consulted by emergency service personnel when designing exercise scenarios. Our skilled Emergency Responders offer their expertise to help create challenging, but realistic, incident scenarios that can really test the capabilities of the emergency services.’

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

The exerciseThe scenario began with the

emergency services being notified

of an overturned tanker on the A1

carrying a load that was identified

from the vehicle placards as

UN1863. The agencies involved

arrived at the exercise at Royal Air

Force Alconbury airfield, to find

parked cars simulating queuing

traffic leading up to the tanker. The

tanker appeared to have collided

with a van, overturned and was now

leaking its load onto the road.

A smoking bystander was

immediately removed from the

scene. The driver of the tanker

was assessed and found to have

suffered only minor injuries that

could be treated on site. The driver

of the van had fled from the incident

and left a wounded passenger, who

was rescued by responders and

taken to the local hospital.

Upon investigation, the leaking

tanker was found to be carrying

39,000 litres of what was perceived

to be aviation fuel, based on

the UN number. At this point,

Station Commander Stuart Smith

called Chemsafe to find out more

information about the chemicals

involved and discuss possible

remediation actions.

Stuart spoke to Dr Tom Baker, an

Emergency Responder at NCEC, who

explained that aviation fuel can be

carried under a range of UN numbers

depending on its exact formulation

and associated properties. Tom

confirmed that UN1863 was indeed

turbine engine aviation fuel and

advised that it has similar hazards and

properties to petrol, so the incident

could be responded to in the same

way as a spill from a petrol tanker.

Tom further confirmed Stuart’s

proposal to bund the leak to stop

further movement of the spill and

prevent the fuel from entering any

watercourses. He also confirmed

that normal fire kit would be

sufficient for minimal contact with

the liquid and breathing apparatus

should be worn to prevent inhalation

of the volatile fuel’s fumes.

Furthermore, for clarification, Tom

advised that the main hazard the

fuel posed was the flammability of

its vapour and assured the officer

that the fuel was likely to have

minimal reaction with the exterior

surface of the tanker, possibly

removing the paint at most.

The Cambridgeshire, Hertfordshire

and Bedfordshire Drone Unit was

also on scene to view the incident

from above. Coordination between

this unit, the fire and rescue service

on the ground, and local police

helped to evacuate a nearby school

as a precautionary measure in case

the incident escalated.

Before setting up a bund to contain

the leak, the van involved in the

collision to be winched away.

However, upon assessment,

it was discovered that it was

illegally transporting 1,000 litres

of highly corrosive hydrochloric

acid (no vehicle placards present).

Fortunately, all of the drums inside

were sealed and intact, and posed

no immediate risk to the responders.

The van was able to be towed out of

the path of the spill and moved to a

safe distance.

Fire officers set up a barrier around

the tanker to contain the leaking fuel

using a plastic, water-filled boom.

This prevented any contamination to

local watercourses and ecosystems,

allowing the fuel to be pumped out

and disposed of securely. After this

was complete, two cranes slowly

winched the tanker back onto its

wheels assisted by airbags placed

underneath the right-hand side.

Overall, representatives from 35

police areas, Cambridgeshire Fire

and Rescue Service, the United

States Air Force, Bedfordshire and

Suffolk Fire and Rescue Service,

HSE and DfT attended the event. It

was heralded as a ‘great success’

by Stuart Appleton who is a Traffic

Officer and organised the exercise.

The practical experience provided

by these exercises for NCEC

emergency responders help

support their training and further

development alongside meeting the

emergency services who utilise the

Chemsafe service.

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

What was your background before joining NCEC?

FD: My degree is in biotechnology and

water treatment. I started my career at

the Centre of Documentation, Research

and Experimentation on Accidental

Water Pollution (CEDRE) in France where

I conducted research on oil spills at

sea. I then joined AEA Technology (now

Ricardo Energy and Environment) and

continued my research on the effects of

bacteria on the breakdown of oil spills

at sea.

tend to be complex and the questions

asked can be very technical. I do like

calls from Chemsafe calls because,

over the years, the training of hazardous

materials and environmental protection

advisers (HMEPA) has improved and

we’re at a point where, if we get a call,

we know it’s going to be challenging.

It also means we have to keep up

to date with the latest research and

regulations in the chemical and

emergency response world. So it is

challenging, it is interesting, but it does

demand a lot of effort to keep up to

date on what we may be called about,

but that’s where my role as Internal

Training Lead comes in. As part of

our continued development, we’re

always looking at how we can adapt

and adjust to better serve the role as

emergency responders. More recently,

that’s involved us looking at lithium

batteries and we’re now trying to get

ahead of the curve with nanomaterials

becoming more and more relevant. And,

all the while, we’re reviewing the advice

we give in certain situations to see if it

can be improved, so that can be quite

demanding at times.

Do you still get to use your marine experience in emergency response?

FD: I do, we have a Carechem Marine

service, which provides modelling

expertise for clients. This helps them

gain an understanding of how chemicals

released at sea will behave over time

and how to respond. It could happen

anywhere in the world, so we have to

look at different currents and climates,

etc. We spend time with our clients

working out what a chemical will do now

once it has been released from a ship.

Will it impact on fisheries? On tourism?

Is it a hazard to the responders who will

attempt to sort out the ship?

What do you think the challenges are of handling an emergency call for Chemsafe?

FD: Most of our Chemsafe calls are

from fire and rescue services. When

they call it is usually because they are

requesting specialist chemical advice

or want a second opinion. These calls

So how did that lead to a role in emergency response?

FD: At the time I was working in

a department called Marine and

Freshwater where we were doing a

lot of research into oil and chemical

spills at sea. I moved through a few

departments in AEA Technology and

ended up being attached to NCEC. My

manager at the time asked if I wanted to

be an Emergency Responder as well as

conducting my research and I said yes.

LIFE AS AN NCEC EMERGENCY RESPONDERFabien Daniel is an Emergency Response Supervisor and Internal Training Lead at NCEC. He first joined the emergency response team in 2001 and has, over the course of his career, performed many different roles within NCEC. In this article, we talk to Fabien about how he feels emergency response has changed in the last 15 years.

By Tom Johnson, Emergency Responder

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

The 2017 edition of the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) has been released and can be downloaded from the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) website (goo.gl/20aJgu).

It has the usual transitional period of 6

months, meaning you have until 1 July 2017

to apply the changes. It contains new or

revised provisions concerning:

• The construction of vehicles, including

allowing them to be gas powered (using

liquefied natural gas (LNG), compressed

natural gas (CNG) or liquefied petroleum

gas (LPG).

• Internal combustion engines or machinery

powered by flammable liquids or gases.

• Electric vehicles.

• Lithium batteries and ammonia

dispensing systems.

• The examinations for safety advisers and

drivers of vehicles carrying dangerous

goods.

• The contents of the instructions in writing.

If you have any questions about the

new regulations or have general queries

about the carriage of dangerous goods,

please email the Vehicle Certification

Agency (DGenquiries@vca.gov.uk) or the

Department for Transport Dangerous

Goods Division (DangerousGoods@dft.gsi.

gov.uk).

NEW EDITION OF ADR2017 edition now available for download.

How do you feel Chemsafe has changed in the last 15 years?

FD: While the type of advice we give

and the sorts of questions we get asked

haven’t really changed that much, the kind

of incidents we get contacted about have.

When I began working on Chemsafe, most

calls were linked to transport incidents

and fires on sites. Over the years, we

have seen more calls about site incidents

and, because the Chemsafe user base is

familiar with our technical expertise, they

ask for more advice. The fire and rescue

services have started using us less as a

last-resort safety net and more as a first

point of contact because they recognise

the value of the advice we give. We now

receive more calls from the police about

illicit activities involving chemicals, which

we rarely got 5 or 6 years ago.

released and the risks of adding water.

We then started trying to formulate a plan

for how to deal with the fire. Initially, the

fire and rescue service crew had started

by smothering the fire with sand, but had

quickly run out, which is unsurprising

given the size of the fire. We were asked if

dry foam could be used, but we advised

against this due to decomposition hazards.

We suggested sodium chloride should be

used, but this couldn’t be sourced in the

volume needed. After several calls, the

crew decided to resolve the matter with

more sand and sourced 15 tonnes. We

knew the theory behind what we needed

to do to resolve the incident, it was just a

challenge to get what we needed.

Do you recall any interesting Chemsafe calls you helped out on?

FD: There have been so many over

the years, they sort of blur into one. I

do remember I got a call from a metal

recycling yard which was on fire. There was

magnesium and metal shavings on site in

barrels and stacked two pallets high. We

started by providing advice on the hazards

that this presented - metal oxides being

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

We know that fire and rescue services, in particular, highly value Chemdata and the information they can get from it, to help them manage incidents safely and efficiently.

While Chemdata has been designed to be

simple and intuitive to use, we also know

that many users benefit from additional

training to ensure they can get the most

out of it. In consideration of this and in

response to requests for more in-depth

Chemdata training, NCEC has developed

a new workbook-based training module

covering not only the basics of how to use

Chemdata and search effectively, but also

additional functionality that is available.

We find that most users easily pick up

the basics of searching and interpreting

a document, but many people are not

fully aware of all the functionality that

is available in our standard interface.

Searching is another area where students

benefit from the tips and worked

exercises that can help them narrow their

search results more effectively.

The training takes delegates through the

essentials of using Chemdata such as:

• Familiarisation with the layout and

menus for searching.

• What a document contains and how

to print with the required information.

• Adding private notes and sharing

them with colleagues.

• How to change user options and view

the history of past searches.

GETTING THE MOST OUT OF CHEMDATA® New practical Chemdata training session now available

By Maria Stearn, Product Manager

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

Please contact

Maria Stearn Chemdata Product Manager,

for options and prices

t: 01235 753335

e: maria.stearn@ricardo.com

The course uses scenarios that are based

on real-world examples to help users gain

confidence in using Chemdata. Some of

these can be used as a test at the end of

the training session if desired.

It is intended that students use Chemdata

on their own laptops or tablets during the

session to ensure that they get hands-

on experience of using Chemdata. It is

very much an interactive session. We

have seen from those that have used our

online training module that they learn far

more from the interactive approach and

actually using Chemdata themselves

during the training.

First used with one of our newest

customers, Abu Dhabi Police, this

package can now be bought by all of

our Chemdata users. Our most recent

delegates were from Greater Manchester

Fire and Rescue Service, and we

have received very positive feedback

regarding the benefits of the session.

At approximately 3½ hours long, this

training session can be added to a

Chemsafe training session or some

of our other short presentations

(hydrogen fluoride, lithium batteries

and the Globally Harmonized System

of Classification and Labelling of

Chemicals (GHS)) to provide a cost-

effective training day or presented on its

own as a half-day training session.

‘Now feel more confident using Chemdata’ D Baxter

‘Worked though scenarios on easy-to-follow steps’ John Fletcher

‘Very informative. Answered a lot of questions I had. Feel much more confident when interrogating and searching for info on Chemdata. Good handout and questions/scenario questions’ M Threader

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

Battery safetyLove them or hate them, batteries are an

integral part of modern living. However,

recent incidents have raised their profile

from help to hindrance – some airlines

have even banned certain mobile phones

from their flights due to the fire risk posed

by the battery.

What is a battery?In simple terms, an electric battery

comprises a number of cells in which

chemical energy is converted into

electrical energy. Even the humble potato

can be used as the electrolyte in a

battery and many of you or your children

will have conducted this experiment

at school. A cell comprises an anode,

a cathode and an electrolyte. When

the external circuit is complete (by

connecting an electrical load) electrons

flow from the anode to the cathode.

What are the issues?Batteries are part of modern life – be it

in mobile devices, cars or for back-up in

the event of power cuts. As hazardous

materials are used in battery construction,

many incidents involving batteries

become hazmat situations. There have

been a number of high-profile incidents

involving mobile phones, hover boards

and even brand new aircraft.

As from 1 January 2017, a new labelling system will be introduced for lithium cells and batteries under the European Agreement concerning the International Carriage of Dangerous Goods by Road (ADR) 2017. The new labels are shown below and are for packaging only.

There is a transitional period up to 31 December 2018 during which the new

labels will work alongside the current labelling used under ADR 2015.

The second label

will be used for

all consignments

that do not comply

with ADR special

provision 188.

The first label

will be used for

lithium metal

batteries (UN 3090

and UN 3091)

and lithium ion

batteries (UN 3480

and UN 3481)

if they comply

with ADR special

provision 188.

ADR 2017 changes affecting lithium battery labelling By Dr Nigel Blumire, Emergency Responder

Place for UN numbers(s)

Place for telephone number for additional information

Min

imum

dim

ensi

ons

110

mm

Minimum dimensions 120 mm

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

What about large scale?A wind farm was constructed that

comprised 12 wind turbines. It was

decided to use a battery storage

solution to ‘smooth’ the energy

supply. This resulted in two fires in

consecutive months and these fires

had been allowed to burn out with

minimal damage, but had ‘taught’

the company that, with this emerging

technology, they should have effective

fire protection in place. They decided

to stockpile dry agent in case a third

fire occurred.

Another fire involved 12,000 lead acid

batteries. The dry agent and bulk

carbon dioxide sourced by the fire

and rescue service were ineffective.

Therefore, it was decided to fight the

fire defensively with water to stop it

from spreading to adjacent buildings

and infrastructure. The fire caused

£12 million of damage to the facility.

This incident highlights that, on a large

scale, the only effective option for

lead-acid battery fires appears to be

water. However, if the risk is too great

controlled burn can be considered.

What can I do?The world of batteries is constantly

striving for better solutions to satisfy

the demand for consumer electronics

and future sustainable transport. This

research is providing innovative solutions,

but this can result in a hazmat situation

for emergency services for common

incidents. If you wish to know more about

battery technology, NCEC can help. We

provide chemical safety training with

specific courses on this topic. The course

provides an insight into the properties,

hazards and effective response to the

technology of the modern world.

Lithium (or lithium-metal)• The lithium metal is the anode in the

battery and the electrons flow through

an electrolyte made up of a lithium

salt in an organic solvent to a cathode

commonly made of manganese

dioxide.

• They are commonly used due to their

long life.

• If short circuited, they discharge very

rapidly resulting in overheating, the

case rupturing or an explosion.

• Most consumer batteries will

incorporate overcurrent or thermal

protection to prevent explosion.

• These batteries are convenient

source of lithium metal for illegal drug

laboratories.

• Since the batteries contain lithium

metal and a flammable electrolyte, a

dry agent is the advised extinguishing

media for UN3090 and UN3091.

• If in doubt, allow to burn.

What is the future?The rise in electric vehicles, portable electronic devices and energy storage

solutions will bring the emergency services more and more into contact with these

hazmat situations. Each type of battery needs to be dealt with differently:

Lithium Ion• The anode in a lithium ion battery

is made of carbon and the cathode

is made of a metal oxide. The

electrolyte is made from a lithium salt

in an organic solvent.

• The batteries produce heat in the

anode and oxygen at the cathode.

• If overheated or overcharged, the

batteries may suffer thermal runaway

and cell rupture, which can lead to

combustion in extreme cases.

• A number of safety features are

added to the batteries to prevent

overheating or pressurisation, but

manufacturing faults have resulted in

mass recalls.

• Rechargeable lithium batteries

contain no metallic lithium, but a

flammable electrolyte. Therefore

water is the advised extinguishing

media for UN3480 and 3481.

• If in doubt, allow to burn.

Lead acid• Lead acid batteries are normally used

in cars, but can be used in other

energy storage solutions.

• When fully charged, a lead-acid

battery contains an electrolyte of

sulfuric acid with an anode of lead and

a cathode of lead dioxide.

• As the battery becomes discharged

the sulfuric acid electrolyte becomes

more dilute and the two plates

become lead sulfate.

• As the battery discharges and the

electrolyte is more dilute it is more

prone to freezing especially in cold

weather.

• If excessive charging occurs,

more hydrogen and oxygen can

be produced causing a risk of an

internal explosion. Normally the gas

will be vented, but if malfunction or

overheating occurs, gas may build up.

• Lead-acid batteries can give off

hydrogen and hydrogen sulphide, but

in small quantities so will only be a

risk in a confined space with ready

ignition source.

• Disconnect battery and ventilate.

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

Industrial fire (August 2016)We were contacted by an FRS crew dealing with what

was believed to be containers of red diesel. It was thought

the diesel was being illegally treated to remove the red

colouration. We advised the crew that sulfuric acid is used to

do this, which could produce toxic fumes if combusted.

It later emerged that used vegetable oil was in the containers

which, it was thought, was going to be converted to biodiesel.

Using our extensive knowledge base, we were able to inform

the crew that sodium hydroxide (a corrosive chemical) and

methanol, which is highly flammable and toxic are used in the

conversion process.

NCEC has a wide range of information sources and contacts.

These are maintained in an easily accessible format to help

reduce response times, which enables us to respond quickly

and effectively to all types of chemical incidents.

CALLS OF INTEREST

Decontamination

Disposal

Emergency number checks

Emergency response - general

Exercise

Fire

General chemical information

Identify chemical or company

Information on NCEC/Chemsafe

Medical/first aid

Reaction

Spillage/release

Technical queries

CALLER TYPES

LATEST CALL STATISTICS

ENQUIRY TYPES

Fire and rescue services

Police

Medical Professional

Local authority

Call data April - September 2016

Environment Agency

ICE Centre

Other Company

World War 2 mine (August 2016)We received a call from a fire and rescue service (FRS) crew

dealing with what was believed to be a World War 2 chemical

mine. After discussions with Army bomb disposal engineers,

it was confirmed that the device was a mustard gas mine.

The FRS crew said the device had leaked and the material

remaining inside had solidified.

Our Emergency Responders informed the FRS crew what

risks mustard gas posed. We then provided advice on

what first aid treatment would be necessary for anyone

who had been exposed to the contents of the mine, and

how to decontaminate equipment used in the disposal and

containment of the mine.

Our Emergency Responders’ expertise allows us to quickly

and safely assess chemical incidents. The range of products

covered by our software means that even obscure risks can

be easily assessed, and timely and appropriate advice given.

By Tom Johnson, Emergency Responder

THE SPILL – ISSUE 3

Organised by:

Media partner International media partners

Now in its 10th year, Hazmat 2017 is an essential opportunity for Hazmat specialists to share experiences and knowledge with like-minded professionals working in the hazmat and chemical incident industry. The event draws upon the knowledge and experience of a range of hazmat professionals and industry leaders, as well as that of NCEC’s own emergency responders & experts and those from Tactical Hazmat.

Visit http://the-ncec.com/hazmat-2017 to book your place.

Follow us at @ncec_uk for event updates.

Registration deadline: 5 May 2017

Hazmat 2017 – the premier event of the year for Hazmat professionals.(24 & 25 May, Crowne Plaza, Stratford-upon-Avon)

SPECIALIST ADVICE

HAZMAT

NCEC

2017ANNUALCONFERENCE

+44 (0) 1235 753654

The presentation is approximately

3-4 hours long, depending on

discussion and questions.

We do not charge for this

presentation, but would appreciate

payment of any travel and

subsistence costs incurred.

01235 753363bethan.davies@ricardo.comwww.the-ncec.com/chemsafe

• A better understanding of the role of

NCEC and its operations.

• A reminder of the Chemsafe scheme

and the role of NCEC within it.

• Improved communications between

the emergency services and NCEC.

• An overview of chemical fatality

incidents.

• An overview of waste fire incidents.

• An outline of the recent changes to

the Globally Harmonized System

of Classification and Labelling of

The objectives of the refresher training are to provide:

Chemicals (GHS) to show the new

labelling and symbols that are likely to

be encountered.

• A look at the value of proportionate

advice in responding to an incident.

The presentation is aimed at hazmat

officers, fire control operators, police

officers. However, we would encourage

the attendance of any others who might

find it useful, for example your local

Environment Agency representative.

Chemsafe EMERGENCY SERVICES REFRESHER TRAINING

Working for chemical andpharmaceu cal businesses

FREE

A S I A P A C I F I C

TEL

(sales and enquiries):

+44 (0) 1235 753654

EMAIL

ncec@ricardo.com

KEEP IN TOUCHIf you have any comments about

‘The Spill’ or experiences of using

the Chemsafe service that you would

like to share in future issues, please

contact us using the details below.

You can also contact us if you would

like to know more about Chemsafe,

and the other services and products

provided by NCEC.

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New online training modules help fire and rescue service crews prepare for emerging chemical hazards

From fuel-cell combustion and chemical fatalities to clandestine drug laboratories and high-consequence chemicals, NCEC’s new online training modules will help fire and rescue services prepare for the range of emerging and existing chemical hazards encountered in the field.

Developed by NCEC’s team of

trained chemists and emergency

responders as online alternatives

to face-to-face training,

the modules offer essential

information on the underlying

chemistry, reactivity and hazards

of a range of chemicals and

situations; and best practice for

reducing the impact of incidents

when they occur.

They are priced at £25 plus VAT per participant, with discounted rates for groups of over 10 or 20.

For more information on the

complete range of NCEC

training services, please visit

http://the-ncec.com/training

The courses on offer include:

• Asbestos.

• Batteries.

• Chemical and waste fires.

• Chemical fatalities.

• Cleaning products.

• Cylinders in a fire.

• Explosives.

• High risk chemicals: bromine,

titanium tetrachloride,

acrylonitrile and ethylene oxide.

• Hydrogen fluoride safety.

• Hybrid cars.

• Illicit drug laboratories.

• Lithium-ion batteries.

• Mercury spillages.

• Refrigerant gases.

• Pool chemicals.

Help us to help youWe are aware that many of you conduct safety/compliance visits to chemical company premises.

We would appreciate it if you could

remind them that they should register

safety data sheets with the National

Chemical Emergency Centre so that

the Emergency Services can rapidly

access the required information in the

event of an emergency involving one

of their products.

If they would like further information

then please refer them to

chemsafe@ricardo.com

The online modules will be available from

February on the Ricardo estore estore.ricardo.com/product-category/

ncec