welcome to the world of insects. importance of insects to agriculture - spread plant, human, and...
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Welcome Welcome
to theto the
World of World of InsectsInsects
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Importance of InsectsImportance of Insectsto Agricultureto Agriculture
- spread plant, human, and animal diseases
PESTS
– eat our foods - damage our crops
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Importance of InsectsImportance of Insectsto Agricultureto Agriculture
- sting us (venomous)
PESTS
- infest our homes- infest our animals and our bodies
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Importance of InsectsImportance of Insectsto Agricultureto Agriculture
PESTS
- annoy us- cause unsightly damage
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Importance of insectsImportance of insectsto Agricultureto Agriculture
BENEFITS
- degrade and recycle nutrients
– pollinate our plants11
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Importance of InsectsImportance of Insectsto Agricultureto Agriculture
- feed on pest species
- food for other animals
BENEFITS
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Importance of insectsImportance of insectsto Agricultureto Agriculture
BENEFITS
- used in research and medicine
- provide natural products (e.g.,
honey, beeswax,silk, dye, and
shellac) 13 14
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MOST OF US RECOGNIZEBEETLES AS MAJOR PESTS!!
DID YOU KNOW THATSOME PEOPLE “TREASURE”THEM AS COLLECTIBLES??
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How many insects are there in the world?
- about one million insect species have been described
- scientists estimate that theremay be as many as 10 million differenttypes of insects!!
- there are about 200 million insectsfor every human on earth!!
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How many insects are there in the world?
-insects comprise about 10% of the earth’s weight
-insects represent about 80 to 85% of all life on earth
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PEST FACT
The insect population of the world is
at least 1,000,000,000,000,000,000.
Averaging the weight of each insect
as 2.5 mg, the weight of the earth's
insect population exceeds that of
human inhabitants by a factor of 12.
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Fortunately, most of theseinsects cause us no harm
- only about 10% of all insects causeus the greatest amount of pain, anguish, and economic loss
- because each one of you will comeinto contact with many types of organisms, it is important to properly identify them to effectively manage them
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GENERAL INSECT IDENTIFICATION
What is it ?
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ORGANISMS COMMONLY MISIDENTIFIED AS
"INSECTS"
MillipedesCentipedesPillbugs
MitesSpidersTicks
Daddy-long-legs
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What makes an organisman INSECT??
[generally speaking]
- three body parts [head, thorax, andabdomen]
- one pair of compound eyes
- six legs
- one pair of antennae
- an exoskeleton
- most adult insects have wings
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INSECTS are expertsat two biological functions:
1) eating
[unfortunately, theydo both of themextremely well!]
2) reproducing
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How can we separateor classify INSECTS??
1) by the use of a written key [generally uses body parts]
3) by the type of mouthparts that theyhave or their manner of feeding [e.g., chewing or piercing-sucking]
2) by the type of damage that theycause [e.g., borer, gall former, leaffeeder]
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These types of classifications
help us to quicklyplace a “general label”
on the “problem” insect!!
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Types of Mouthparts[piercing-sucking]
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Types of MouthpartsTypes of Mouthparts[chewing][chewing]
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Types of wingsand venation of wings
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Types of development
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“WHITE ANTS”
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CAN YOU MATCH THESEPHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second (cockroach)
= a six-foot person running ca. 206 miles per hour
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CAN YOU MATCH THESEPHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second (cockroach)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times in 1 second (flying mosquito)
= about one million timesper hour
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CAN YOU MATCH THESEPHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second (cockroach)
3) Jump 130 times your height (flea)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times in 1 second (flying mosquito)
= a six-foot person jumping 780 feet
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CAN YOU MATCH THESEPHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second (cockroach)
3) Jump 130 times your height (flea)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times in 1 second (flying mosquito)
4) Lift 10-50 times your weight (ant)= a 200 lb person lifting
one to five tons!
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CAN YOU MATCH THESEPHYSICAL WONDERS?
1) Run 50 body lengths in 1 second (cockroach)
3) Jump 130 times your height (flea)
2) Flap your arms (“wings”) 300 times in 1 second (flying mosquito)
4) Lift 10-50 times your weight (ant)
5) Hear with your legs (cricket)
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INSECTS THEY ARE EVERYWHERE!!
1) in the air
3) in the soil
2) in the water
4) in our homes
5) on our plants
6) on our animals
7) on our bodies!!