Welcome to Unit TwoAP-362

Kaplan University

Introduction to Astrophysics

AP-362

Wrong slide???

AP-362

CJ101 Welcome to Unit #2

Crime Statistics and Crime Statistics and ClassificationsClassifications

What’s Due This Week?

This week (Unit), you will be completing the following assignments:

•The Unit #2 Discussion Board•The Unit #2 Quiz•The Unit #2 Live Seminar or the 300-word Alternate Essay Assignment

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CJ101

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CJ101Grading Tips for the Live Seminars

• Arrive BEFORE the scheduled start time (5 minutes?)

• Stay on topic• Avoid side conversations• Participate (post) regularly during the hour

– 10 to 12 times minimum once the lecture starts

• Avoid posts such as “I agree”, “Good point”, “Nice answer”, etc.

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CJ101Grading Tips for the Live Seminars

• Make good posts: “ I believe the 4th Amendment is the most important because it protects use against unreasonable searches”.

• Don’t log out of the seminar early• While I may not be able to respond to each

comment posted, I do review the seminar log when evaluating your level or participation for your grade.

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CJ101Just in case!

• Each Unit/Week begins on Wednesday and ends the following Tuesday @ 12:00 midnight, ET.

• I have until the following Sunday to enter your grades into the Gradebook (I try to post them sooner)

• You can NEVER make up a missed quiz!

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CJ101Just in case!

• Each Unit has a Discussion Board Question• Must post a 100 word answer to that question as

early in the week as possible.• Must post at least two additional100-word quality

reply to other students by Tuesday, midnight, ET• You must post on 3 different days each week• Spelling, punctuation, and grammar do count

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CJ101Alternate Seminar Essays

• For students that missed the Thursday evening Seminar, you can still make up the lost points by completing the 300-word alternate seminar essay assignment. The essay should be a summary of the unit topic, and you can review the archived file in the KHE Seminar window.

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CJ101Select the correct date for the missed Seminar (listed by Year/Month/Day) by clicking on it with your mouse.

Click on the “Load Class” button and the seminar will load and play for your review.

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CJ101Have you joined the Photo Wall yet?

E-mail me your photo so I can add your “Mug Shot” to the wall.

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CJ101

The Crime Picture

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CJ101Terminology

• Violent Crime– Crimes against people that are violent in nature

• Property Crime– Crimes committed against property

• Clearance Rates– Number of crimes reported versus number of

crimes solved

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CJ101Crime Statistics

• Provide an overview of crime in this country• Decision makers use crime statistics to:

– Evaluate existing programs– Plan new legislation– Design new programs– Determine needs

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CJ101Sources of Crime Statistics

• Uniform Crime Report (UCR)

* Crimes reported to police

• National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

* Crimes reported by victims

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CJ101Uniform Crime Report

• Since 1930, FBI has been compiling statistics on crimes known to police

• Police departments (about 16,000) voluntarily submit data

• FBI puts data into the Crime Index

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CJ101What is the Crime Index?

• Measures Part 1 offenses of the UCR• Gives crime rate number and comparisons for

regions, dates, crimes per 100,000 population

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CJ101

These 8 crimes make up the Part I category of the

Uniformed Crime ReportBe sure to phrase your response in the form of a question!

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MURDERFORCIBLE RAPE (Sexual Battery)ROBBERYAGGRAVATED ASSAULT (Battery)

THEFT/LARCENYMOTOR VEHICLE THEFTBURGLARYARSON

What is?

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CJ101Murder

The unlawful killing of another human being.

• Least likely of the part 1 crimes• Most likely to be cleared

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CJ101Forcible Rape

Sexual relations with another by force and/or without consent

• Least reported of all crimes• Rape is broken down into a variety of

categories (sexual battery, statutory rape, date rape)

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CJ101Property v. Person

PROPERY THEFT – FELONY MURDER (HOMICIDE)

MOTOR VEHICLE THEFT FORCIBLE RAPE (SEXUAL BATTERY)

BURGLARY ROBBERY

ARSON AGGRAVATED ASSUALT (BATTERY)

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These are examples of crimes that make up the Part II category of the

Uniformed Crime ReportBe sure to phrase your response in the form of a question!

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FRAUDVANDALISMDUI

GAMBLINGPROSTITUTION

What is?

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CJ101The New UCR

• To enhance the quantity, quality and timeline of crime data collection the National Incident-Based Reporting System (NIBRS) was created

• Looks at every single crime that is committed

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CJ101The New UCR

Advantages– Looks at all crimes– More accurate– Differentiates between attempt and

commission of a crime– Collect weapon information– Restructures assault and rape

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• Began in 1972 to discover the “dark figure of crime”

• Based on victims self reporting crimes• Gathered by the US Bureau of Justice Statistics

(BJS)• Include 6 Part 1 crimes (not Murder or Arson)

National Crime Victimization Survey (NCVS)

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CJ101UCR v. NCVS

How are they the same?• Both provide crime estimates

• Both limit types of crimes

• Both limit how they collect info

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CJ101UCR v. NCVS

How are they different?• NCVS crimes are reported by victims. May not

have been reported to police

• NCVS looks at household crimes (total crimes per household, not person)

• NCVS polls more people

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CJ101Classifications of Crime

• Define Felony crimes…..Not the type of crime, but what makes the crime a felony.

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CJ101Classifications of Crime

A felony crime is any crime that carries, upon conviction, a prison sentence of more than 1 year, and/or a fine that is equal to or exceeds $5,000.00 (Florida)

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CJ101Classifications of Crime

• Define misdemeanor crimes…..Not the type of crime, but what makes the crime a misdemeanor.

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CJ101Classifications of Crime

A misdemeanor crime is any crime that carries, upon conviction, a jail sentence of less then 1 year, and/or a fine that is equal to or less than $1,000.00 (Florida)

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CJ101Crime Typology

Classification of crimes along a particular dimension– Legal categories– Offender motivation– Victim/offender characteristics

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CJ101Crimes against the elderly• Crimes committed against elderly people• Victim and offender usually strangers• Both property and violent crimes• Abuse/neglect by caregivers/family• Often victims of theft/fraud schemes

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CJ101Hate Crimes

• Crimes which there is evidence of prejudice bases on race, color, gender, sexual orientation, ethnicity, religion

• Hate crimes are punished more severely

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CJ101Corporate & White Collar

Crimes• Corporate– Violation of statute by a corporate identity

(those acting on behalf of a corporation)– “crime in the suits” – Usually non-violent

• White Collar Crimes– Unlawful activity of members of highly

organized group– Usually they supply illegal goods and services

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CJ101Gun Crime

• The 2nd Amendment provides the Constitutional right to bear arms

• Approximately 1 million serious crimes committed a year involve the use of handguns

• Public concern has lead to creation of new laws regarding firearms– The Brady Handgun Bill (1994)

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CJ101Drug Crime

• Drugs and Crime– Drug crimes not accounted for by UCR or NCVS– Over ½ of inmates admit to being under the

influence of drugs/alcohol when they committed their offense

– Using drugs/alcohol leads to other crimes

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CJ101High Technology and

Computer Crime• Computer Crime– Any crime perpetrated through the use of a

computer• Software piracy– Unauthorized duplication of software and other

data• Computer virus– A computer program designed to secretly

invade other systems and alter the information/how they operate

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CJ101Terrorism

• No single definition• In general, defined as:– a violent act or an act dangerous to human life

committed in violation of criminal laws to intimidate to coerce a government or civilian population

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CJ101The Cost of Crime

• Crime costs individuals about $17.6 billion dollars a year

• That doesn’t include time lost from work, medical expenses

• Commercial costs about $1.2 billion dollars a year• State, local and federal expenditures total over

$147 billion (investigation-prosecution)

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CJ101

Questions????