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Mark Watrin: Science Coordinator ESD112
Understanding the Science TestMark Watrin
Science Coordinator ESD112
Predictability and Feedback
Create realistic models with feedback loops, and recognize that all models are limited in their predictive power.
Uncovering Teacher Ideas about the Science State Test
• How Much of EOC Biology is:– Systems– Inquiry– Application– Cell Processes– Populations in
Ecosystems– Evidence for Evolution
• Make a Pie Graph
Is 50% of your instruction on SystemsInquiry &Application?
50% of the test is!
Cells
0102030405060708090
100
2007 MC 2008 MC 2011 MC 2007 SA
Students Struggle with the Short Answer Questions
2007 Lifting a Load 2008 How that Plant Got There Juan de Fuca
Energy inputs and outputs
%
2011 – Source of matter in a living system = 34%
Open for Questions?
• About Systems
Is it a System?
• Volume 4 page 81
Systems
Science Standards Glossary
Systems. An assemblage of interrelated parts or conditions through which matter, energy and information flow.
How do you talk about Systems
• Write down 10 words that your students should hear, use and understand to perform well on Systems questions.
9-12 Systems
Feedback
Equilibrium
models
InputOutputMatterEnergyPositive FeedbackNegative FeedbackStatic EquilibriumDynamic EquilibriumModel LimitsChanges
High School Systems
Feedback
Systems within systems
Model limits
Predict modellimits
Page 22Test & Item Specs
4 Mineral nutrients were added to the water in which the bean plants were grown. What is one reason plants need mineral nutrients? o A. Plants need mineral nutrients to eliminate energy. o B. Plants use the mineral nutrients as a source of energy. o C. Plants use the mineral nutrients in the process of making food. o D. Plants need mineral nutrients to take the place of carbon dioxide.
54%
38%
Lessons Learned:
Many students think soil is the
major source of matter and/ or
energy for a plant.
2008 Where did that plant come from?
Understanding the input of matter
Open for Questions?
• About Systems
Subsystems in this System
Mitochondria
Cytoplasm
(oxygen &glucose supply)
ATP & ADP
Self Regulating (Negative)
By glucose & Oxygen supply
Self Reinforcing (Positive)
Inputs that regulate the system.
Matter-Glucose , O2
Energy- chemical
Systems it is connected to.
Circulatory in humans
Equilibrium:
Static or Dynamic-
input = output –yes
Predict the results of a change in the system.
Lack of glucose or oxygen in the cytoplasm triggers increase movement across the cell membrane.
Output of the system
Matter-ATP, H2O,CO2
Energy- chemical potential, heat
Cellular Respiration
Guides are
not “Fill in the Blanks” they are graphic organizers to guide discussions.
There are many possible “right” answers when using the guides correctly.
Subsystems in this System
Producers
Herbavoir
Omnivoir
Carnivore
Decomposers
Self Regulating (Negative)
Generally over time
Self Reinforcing (Positive)
During short time periods
Inputs that regulate the system.
Matter- prey population
Energy-chemical
Systems it is connected to.
Biome
Seasons
Equilibrium:
Static - Dynamic
input = output?
Predict the results of a change in the system.
Migration of new carnivores into the area will change the balance of a carnivore population
Output of the system
Matter- Carnivore Population
Energy- Chemical
Food Web
Carnivore population
Terrariums with limited biodiversity may be used to model real food webs.
These models are limited because they rarely include all the species in an actual environment.
Subsystems in this System
Genes in the Gene pool
Individual organisms
Self Regulating (Negative)
If it does not improve reproductive potential
Self Reinforcing (Positive)
If it does improve reproductive potential
Inputs that regulate the system.
Matter-Proteins coded by the gene
Energy- Information-** genetic
Systems it is connected to.
The Environment
Equilibrium:
Static or Dynamic
input = output
Predict the results of a change in the system.
A changing environment will favor specific genes in the gene pool
Output of the system
Matter- Genes, Proteins
Energy
Natural Selection of
genetic variation
The guide itself is an imperfect model.
Not every situation will fit neatly.
You will have to change and adapt the guide to make it fit specific scenarios.