weld defects 2

122
ESAB Welding Institute Chennai 1/29/03 1 W ELCOME W ELCOME ESAB W elding Institute ESAB W elding Institute C hennai C hennai

Upload: pradeep-kumar-raju-b

Post on 04-Apr-2015

623 views

Category:

Documents


62 download

TRANSCRIPT

Page 1: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

1/29/03 1

WELCOMEWELCOME

ESAB Welding InstituteESAB Welding Institute

ChennaiChennai

Page 2: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 3: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

REJECTABILITY

Page 4: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 5: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 6: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 7: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 8: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld DefectsFormation of Pores

Page 9: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 10: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 11: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 12: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Uniformly distributed porosity

Page 13: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 14: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 15: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 16: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Surface porosity in a ‘T’ joint on a primed plate

Page 17: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Porosities in the weld bead

Page 18: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Elongated pores or worm holes

Page 19: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 20: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects» Principal gases causing porosity and recommended

cleaning methods

• Material Gas Cleaning• C Mn steel Hydrogen, Nitrogen Grind to remove

and Oxygen scale coatings• Stainless steel Hydrogen Degrease + wire

brush • Aluminium and alloys Hydrogen Chemical clean +

wire brush + degrease + scrape

• Copper and alloys Hydrogen, Nitrogen Degrease + wire brush + degrease

• Nickel and alloys Nitrogen Degrease + wire brush + degrease

Page 21: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 22: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Incomplete Fusion of Side Wall

Page 23: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Incomplete inter-run fusion

Page 24: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 25: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 26: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Insufficient Penetration• Root Face too thick

Page 27: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Insufficient Penetration• Root Face too Narrow

Page 28: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Insufficient Penetration• Misplaced Welds

Page 29: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Insufficient Penetration• Power Input too Low

Page 30: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Insufficient Penetration• Arc (heat) input too low

Page 31: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Effect of electrode size on root fusion• Too large a diameter

Page 32: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Effect of electrode size on root fusion

• Too small a diameter

Page 33: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 34: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 35: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 36: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 37: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 38: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 39: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 40: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 41: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 42: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 43: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 44: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 45: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 46: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 47: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 48: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 49: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 50: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 51: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 52: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 53: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 54: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 55: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 56: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 57: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 58: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 59: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld DefectsPotential and actual Hydrogen levels in Weld

Page 60: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld DefectsHydrogen crack examples

Page 61: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects• Crack in coarse grained HAZ due to

Hydrogen embrittlement

Page 62: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld DefectsPreheating to avoid HIC

Page 63: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Guide to Preheat Temperature

Page 64: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Micrograph of a crack in coarse grained Weld

Page 65: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Intergranullar morphology of a reheat crack

Page 66: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 67: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Solidification Crack

Page 68: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 69: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Weld bead penetration too small

Page 70: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 71: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 72: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Brittle fracture in CrMoV Steel Pressure Vessel - Combination of Hydrogen Induced Cracking

Page 73: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 74: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 75: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 76: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Slag inclusion due to a poor bead - Convex

Page 77: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Smooth Bead profile allows easy slag removal

Page 78: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 79: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Radiograph of Slag Inclusions

Page 80: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 81: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 82: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Grinding out Slag Inclusions

Page 83: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 84: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 85: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 86: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 87: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 88: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 89: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 90: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 91: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 92: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 93: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 94: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Thickness measurements

Page 95: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Measurement of Combined Thickness

Page 96: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Lamellar Tearing

Page 97: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Fracture face of Lamellar Tearing

Page 98: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld DefectsSuggested configuration to avoid Lamellar Tearing

Page 99: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Suggested configuration to avoid lamellar Tearing

Page 100: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Suggested configuration to avoid lamellar Tearing

Page 101: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Buttering to avoid Lamellar Tearing

Page 102: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

In-situ buttering to avoid Lamellar Tearing

Page 103: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Arc Deflection By Magnetic Forces

Page 104: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

• Bead Deflection in dc SMAW

Page 105: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 106: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 107: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 108: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 109: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 110: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 111: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 112: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 113: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 114: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 115: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 116: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 117: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 118: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 119: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 120: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 121: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects

Page 122: Weld Defects 2

ES

AB

Weld

ing

Institu

teC

hennai

Weld Defects