welding position

Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMUnderstanding Position in WeldingWalter J. Sperko, P. E.Sperko Engineering Services, Inc.4803 Archwood Dr.Greensboro, NC [email protected] 336-674-0202

WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COM

Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMThis presentation is copyrighted by Sperko EngineeringGeneral permission is granted for use of this presentation including printing thereof for educational purposes provided credit is given to Sperko Engineering.Use of the figures herein in any other publication without specific written permission is prohibited.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMThis presentation is copyrighted by Sperko EngineeringThe primary purpose of this presentation is twofold: Make sure that code users understand the difference between testing positions and production welding positionsHelp users understand how to read the figures that define production welding positions shown on the next page.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMProduction Welding PositionsGroove WeldsFillet Welds


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMStandard Test PositionsPositions 1G, 3G, 6G, 2F, 5F, etc. are specially defined standard positions used for testing. They are properly referred to as Test Positions. Similar positions are found in ISO 6947 identified as PA, PC, PG, etc.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMStandard Testing PositionsTest positions are discreetly defined positions of test coupons that are used when mostly when testing welders. These positions have tolerance of 15 from the defined horizontal planes and 5 from a defined vertical or inclined plane. See QW-120


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTesting Position 1G/PA15Weld Axis HorizontalPlate Horizontal5


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Position 2G/PCPlates VerticalWeld Axis Horizontal155


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Position 3F/PF or PG5


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Position 6G/HL045 or JL045455


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Positions are Discreetly DefinedBecause of tolerance limits on test positions, positions in between test positions are undefined!That is, a weld that is inclined 22 uphill and rotated 36 about its axis has no G or F position. Such a position, however, may be encountered during production welding. Production welding positions, therefore, need to be defined contiguously.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Positions Qualify Welders for Specific Welding PositionsTest Positions Welding Positions Translations from test positions to welding positions are made in the construction codes. QW-461.9 is typical.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Positions Welding Positions


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding PositionsNote to table:(1) Positions of welding as shown in QW-461.1 and QW-461.2F = FlatH = HorizontalV = VerticalO = Overhead(2) Pipe 2-7/8 in outside diameter and over.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding positions for groove welds are defined by the following diagram.

NOTEWelding Position Diagrams are contiguous.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding Positions for Groove Welds


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTabulation showing transition points between welding positionsTabulation of Positions of Groove Welds

PositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210HorizontalB0 to 1580 to 150210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 80210 to 360VerticalD15 to 8080 to 280E80 to 900 to 360

How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the following diagrams


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMLets start with the Flat Position


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding PositionsTabulation of Positions of Groove Welds




Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Positions Axis Inclination15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMStart at Nominal Flat PositionFace of weld is up


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Upward Inclined Limit15Weld may incline upwardto a limit of 15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Upward Inclined Limit15But the welder could be traveling down the incline. . .


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Downward Limit Is Implied15



PositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210HorizontaB0 to 1580 to 150210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 80210 to 360VerticalD15 to 8080 to 280E80 to 900 to 360



Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Position --Rotation About Axis


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Rolled Limit Clockwise21018030


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Rolled Limit Clockwise21018030Equivalent to rotatingThe plate 30


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Rolled Limit Counterclockwise30150180


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Rotated Limits Not Considering Inclination60



PositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210HorizontaB0 to 1580 to 150210 to 280OverheadC0 to 800 to 80210 to 360VerticalD15 to 8080 to 280E80 to 900 to 360



Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Uphill Limit Rotated1560


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Downhill Limit Rotated15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMComposite Flat Position Ranges3060


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMCompare this range to 1G/PA. . .


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTesting Position 1G/PA15Weld Axis HorizontalPlate Horizontal5


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat 1G !!!!


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Position Axis Inclined15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMBasic Horizontal Position


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Position Uphill Inclined Limit15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Position Downhill Inclined Limit15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Position Rotated


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COM210

Start at the Flat Rolled Limits180

30

Lets go to an end view. . . .


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal End View30Horizontal starts where Flat ends. . . .210


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Rotates to where the plate is perpendicular to the ground30Horizontal rotates clockwise . .


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Position Rotated Limit30Horizontal ends here. . . .1090280


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COM70Non-inclined Horizontal Position LimitsStarts with plate Rotated 30


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COM70Non-inclined Horizontal Position LimitsFinishes with plate Rotated 10 beyondperpendicular


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMComposite Horizontal Position Limits1515


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMCompare Horizontal to 2G/PC


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMTest Position 2G/PCPlates VerticalWeld Axis Horizontal155


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal 2G/PC !!!!


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COM80280Overhead Position160 range


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMBasic OverheadFace of weld is overhead!!!0


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMBasic Overhead End ViewFace of weld is overhead0


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Partial Rotation End ViewFace of weld is overhead0


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Maximum Rotation End View0280Face of weld onThis side


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Maximum Opposite Rotation End View028080Face of weld onThis side


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMSame Rotation in Isometric View


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMBasic OverheadFace of weld is overhead0


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFace of weld is overheadOverhead Partial Rotation Isometric View0


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Maximum Rotation Isometric View0280Face of weldOn this side


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Maximum Opposite Rotation Isometric View028080Face of weld is on this side


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead PositionAxis Inclination


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMBasic Overhead for Inclined AxisFace of weld is overhead0


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Inclined Axis Rotation00


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Inclined Axis Limit080


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Inclined Axis Limit080Weld can rotate 360 about vertical axis while inclined 10 forward tilt.


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Inclined Axis Limit0Weld can rotate aboutThe vertical axis10


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead Inclined Axis Limit0Weld ends up back Where it started!10


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMComposite Overhead Position Limits28080008036010


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMOverhead 4G/PE !!!!


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 165 Range of Inclination From 15 to 80.Face of weld is up1580


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 1Range of inclination Starts at 15Face of weld is up15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 1Range of inclination continues upward. . . Greater than 15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 1Until reaching 80 80


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2When the E portion of the diagram is reached 80


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2The E portion of the diagram --360 RotationAbout vertical axis80


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2The E portion of the diagram begins here. . 80


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2Partial rotation aboutVertical axis


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2More rotation aboutVertical axis


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2Even more rotation aboutVertical axis


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2Rotated 180 aboutVertical axis


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2Continuing Rotation aboutVertical axis


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 2360 of Rotation aboutVertical axis completed


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 380280200 Range of Rotation


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3 Start here with inclinationUphill or Downhill 15Face of weld upward15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3Rotate face while holding Inclination constant15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3Continue rotating with Inclination constant15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3Rotated to vertical limit Inclination constant15280


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3 Return to starting positionUphill or Downhill 15Face of weld upward15


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3 Rotate face of weld Opposite directionInclination Constant 1515


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3 Continue rotatingOpposite directionInclination Constant 1515


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3 Plate near verticalInclination Constant 1515


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3 Plate at vertical limitof rotation.Inclination Constant 151580


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 380280200 Range of Rotation inclinedUphill or Downhill 1515


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 380280200 Range of Rotation Inclination angleIncreases


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical Position Part 3280200 Range of Rotation Inclination angleIncreases more. . . 80


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMVertical PositionComposite 80280160 range65200360


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding Positions for Fillet Welds


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMFlat Fillet Weld


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMHorizontal Fillet Weld


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding Positions for Fillet Welds


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding Positions for Fillet WeldsTabulation of Positions of Fillet Welds

PositionDiagram ReferenceInclination of AxisRotation of FaceFlatA0 to 15150 to 210HorizontalB0 to 15125 t0 150210 to 235OverheadC0 to 800 to125235 to 360VerticalD15 to 80125 to 235E80 to 900 to 360


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding Positions for Fillet WeldsThe Horizontal RangeIs smaller for fillet weldsThan it is for groove welds


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMWelding Positions for Groove Welds


Sperko Engineering 2005WWW.SPERKOENGINEERING.COMQuestions?Feedback?Can you explain the diagrams to your friends?

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May, 2004 Sperko Engineering 2004* Sperko Engineering 2004

welding position

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