welding position.pdf
TRANSCRIPT
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Understanding
Position in Welding
Walter J. Sperko, P. E.
Sperko Engineering Services, Inc.
4803 Archwood Dr.
Greensboro, NC 27406
www.sperkoengineering.com
FAX 336-674-0202
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This presentation is copyrighted
by Sperko Engineering
General permission is granted for use of this
presentation including printing thereof for
educational purposes provided credit is
given to Sperko Engineering. Use of the figures herein in any other
publication without specific written
permission is prohibited.
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This presentation is copyrighted
by Sperko Engineering
The primary purpose of this presentation is
twofold:
Make sure that code users understand the
difference between testing positions and
production welding positions
Help users understand how to read the figures
that define production welding positions shown
on the next page.
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Production Welding Positions
Groove Welds Fillet Welds
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Standard Test Positions
Positions 1G, 3G, 6G, 2F, 5F, etc. are
specially defined standard positions
used for testing. They are properly
referred to as Test Positions. Similar
positions are found in ISO 6947
identified as PA, PC, PG, etc.
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Standard Testing Positions
Test positions are discreetly defined
positions of test coupons that are used
when mostly when testing welders.
These positions have tolerance of 15
from the defined horizontal planes and
5 from a defined vertical or inclined
plane. See QW-120
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Testing Position 1G/PA
15
Weld Axis Horizontal
Plate Horizontal
5
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Test Position 2G/PC
Plates Vertical
Weld Axis
Horizontal
15
5
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Test Position 3F/PF or PG
5
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Test Position 6G/HL045 or JL045
455
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Test Positions are Discreetly
Defined
Because of tolerance limits on test positions,
positions in between test positions are undefined!
That is, a weld that is inclined 22 uphill and
rotated 36 about its axis has no G or F
position. Such a position, however, may be
encountered during production welding.
Production welding positions, therefore, need to
be defined contiguously.
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Test Positions Qualify Welders
for Specific Welding Positions
Test Positions
Welding PositionsTranslations from test positions to welding positions are
made in the construction codes. QW-461.9 is typical.
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Test PositionsWelding Positions
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Welding PositionsNote to table:
(1) Positions of welding as shown in QW-461.1 and QW-461.2
F = Flat
H = Horizontal
V = VerticalO = Overhead
(2) Pipe 2-7/8 in outside diameter and over.
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Welding positions for groove
welds are defined by the
following diagram.
NOTEWelding Position Diagrams are
contiguous.
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Welding Positions for Groove Welds
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Tabulation showing transition
points between welding positionsTabulation of Positions of Groove Welds
Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face
Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
HorizontalB 0 to 15 80 to 150
210 to 280
Overhead C 0 to 80 0 to 80
210 to 360
Vertical D 15 to 80 80 to 280
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in the
following diagrams
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Lets start with the
Flat Position
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Welding Positions
Tabulation of Positions of Groove Welds
Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face
Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizontal B 0 to 15 80 to 150
210 to 280
Overhead C 0 to 80 0 to 80
210 to 360
Vertical D 15 to 80 80 to 280
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in thefollowing diagrams
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Flat Positions Axis Inclination
15
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Start at Nominal Flat Position
Face of weld is up
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Flat Upward Inclined Limit
15
Weld may
incline upward
to a limit of 15
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Flat Upward Inclined Limit
15
But the welder
could be traveling
down the incline. . .
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FlatDownwardLimit Is Implied
15
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Welding Positions
Tabulation of Positions of Groove Welds
Position Diagram Reference Inclination of Axis Rotation of Face
Flat A 0 to 15 150 to 210
Horizonta B 0 to 15 80 to 150
210 to 280
Overhead C 0 to 80 0 to 80
210 to 360
Vertical D 15 to 80 80 to 280
E 80 to 90 0 to 360
How this table and the diagram on the previous page work are shown in thefollowing diagrams
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Flat Position --Rotation About Axis180
0
3030
150
210
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Flat Rolled Limit Counterclockwise
30
150 180
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Flat Rotated Limits Not
Considering Inclination
60
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Flat Downhill Limit Rotated
15
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Composite Flat Position Ranges
30
60
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Horizontal Rotates to where the
plate is perpendicular to the ground
30
Horizontal rotates
clockwise . .
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Horizontal Position Rotated
Limit
30
Horizontal ends
here. . . .
10
90
280
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Test Position 2G/PC
Plates Vertical
Weld Axis
Horizontal
15
5
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Horizontal 2G/PC !!!!
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80
280
Overhead Position
160 range
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Basic Overhead
Face of weld
is overhead!!!
0
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Basic Overhead End View
Face of weld
is overhead 0
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Overhead Partial Rotation
End View
Face of weld
is overhead
0
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Face of weld
is overhead
Overhead Partial Rotation
Isometric View
0
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Overhead Maximum Rotation
Isometric View
0
280
Face of weld
On this side
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Basic Overhead for Inclined Axis
Face of weld
is overhead
0
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Overhead Inclined Axis Rotation
00
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Overhead 4G/PE !!!!
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Vertical Position Part 1
65 Range of Inclination
From 15 to 80.
Face of weld is up
15
80
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Vertical Position Part 1
Until reaching 80
80
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Vertical Position Part 2When the E portion
of the
diagram is reached80
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Vertical Position Part 3
80
280
200 Rangeof Rotation
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Vertical Position Part 3
Start here with inclination
Uphill or Downhill 15
Face of weld upward
15
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