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9ere I s$ggest that ellbeing is being)iminishe) as me)ia technology brings $sconflicting messages. :n the one han) eare bombar)e) by e;plicit images of a lifeof plenty an) of opport$nity < more so

perhaps than any previo$s generation. Atthe same time e get clear in)ications, themore po erf$l for being implicit, that allis not right.

What seems to be going rong, in part atleast, is that o$r relationship ith theenvironment is increasingly violent an))estr$ctive. We are beginning to realisethat the effects of o$r technologise)lifestyles are lea)ing to )amage on globalscale that e may not be able to repair.2he $nease that this creates isf$n)amentally )etrimental to ellbeing. Itnee)s to be st$)ie) ithin an appropriatetheoretical frame ork an) ithappropriate styles of en=$iry. I shall

propose that Ecopsychology provi)es both.

The Long War.

Ecopsychology 3e.g. &os>ak et al., +44 6

is ro$ghly at the centre of a cl$ster ofrelate) )isciplines, s$ch as EcologicalPsychology 3e.g. Winter, +44@6, *eepEcology 3e.g. 2obias, +4 *eval B%ession, +4 6 an) EnvironmentalPsychology 3e.g. 'assi)y, +44C6. Lester7ro n, fo$n)er an) $ntil /// the )irectorof the Worl) atch Instit$te in

la sentimentul ceva e n neregul dar nu tie ce este sau ce s facdespre el .

Aici am sugera c bun starea es

diminuat ca tehnologie mass-media ne aduce mesajecontradictorii . Pe de o parte,suntem bombarda i cu imaginiexplicite de o via de bel ug i oportunitate - mai mult , poate,dect oricare dintre genera iileanterioare . n acela i timp, avemindica ii clare , cu att maiputernic pentru a fi implicit , ctot nu este corect .

Ceea ce pare a fi merge gre it , pu in n parte , este c rela ia noastr cu mediul este tot maiviolent i distructiv . Suntem ncep s realizeze c efectele stilului nostru de viatehnologizate duc la deteriorarepe scar global , care poate nu capabil de a repara . Nelini teacare creeaz acest lucru estefundamental n detrimentul

bun st rii . Acesta trebuie s fie

studiate ntr-un cadru teoreticadecvat i cu stiluri adecvate deanchet . Vom propuneEcopsychology ofer att .

R zboiul lung .


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Washington, commen)e) ecopsychologylike this( DEcopsychologists believe thereis an emotional bon) bet een h$man

beings an) the environment o$t of hiche evolve. Ecopsychologists are

)ra ing $pon the ecological sciences toree;amine the h$man psyche as an integral part of the eb of nat$re. F 37ro n, +44 , page ;vi6

8o in recent times this eb has ha)another thro n over it. 2he internetremin)s $s that the orl) is one place. It

as a )ark irony that the seminar forhich this chapter as originally prepare)

sho$l) have been hel) on %eptember ++th.//+. !nkno n to those taking part in it,

events else here ere provi)ing a violent back)rop to their )isc$ssions of ellbeing.Witnesse) aro$n) the orl) in real time,the events of the )ay ere a tra$ma forsome an) a tri$mph for others, signifying

both the interconnectivity of the globalcomm$nity an) the )eep )ivisions ithinit.

2he response to the attacks over theintervening years has increase) hatre) of

America an) its allies, as their perpetratorsinten)e). It has ma)e f$rther attacks morelikely. As hat as the War Against2errorismH becomes hat is no calle)-2he Long War-, e are moving closer tothe permanent global arfare )epicte) in:r ellHs 1984 . 2he ar is not so m$ch

bet een states as bet een the rich an) the

Ecopsychology ( . De exempluRoszak et al , 1995) esteaproximativ la centrul de un grude discipline conexe , cum ar fiPsihologie ecologice ( de

exemplu, Winter , 1996) , DeepEcologie ( de exemplu, Tobias ,1988 ; Deval & Session , 1985)Psihologie de mediu ( de exempCassidy , 1997) . Lester Brown fondatorul i pn n 2000director al InstitutuluiWorldwatch din Washington , aapreciat ecopsychology ca acea: " Ecopsychologists cred cexist o leg tur emo ional ntr fiin ele umane i mediul din car ne-am evolua . ...Ecopsychologists sunt bazndupe tiin ele ecologice s reexamineze psihicul uman ca oparte integrant a web a naturii ( Brown , 1995 , pagina xvi )

Acum, n ultima vreme acest wea avut un alt aruncat peste el .Internetul ne aminte te c lumeaeste un loc . A fost o ironie

ntuneric care seminarul pentrucare acest capitol a fost preg titini ial ar fi avut loc pe data de 1septembrie. 2001. Necunoscutpentru cei care au luat parte la eevenimente n alte p r i au fost oferind un fundal violent ladiscu iile lor de bun stare . A


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poor. While this )ivi)e has al ays beenith $s, it has no reache) pathological

proportions. 2he grotes=$e )isparitiesithin the orl) comm$nity that have

emerge) ith globalisation are no longer

simply a matter of more a)vance) nationso$tperforming less a)vance) ones. 2heyres$lt from an aggressive manip$lation ofthe con)itions of international tra)e toincrease the ealth of those alrea)y richan) the po er of those alrea)y po erf$l.2he res$lts are patently $n"$st, especiallyfor v$lnerable people hose c$lt$res an)economies are )istorte) by marketmanip$lation, 3see e.g. 'hoss$)ovsky,

// 6. 2he hegemony of the ealthynations is so ab$sive that is has to bemaintaine) by economic an) militaryforce. It is, accor)ingly, resiste) by force.2he res$lting violence, often amplifie) byancient c$lt$ral enmities, is literally

bro$ght home to $s via globalise)comm$nications.

Globalisation an) the gro th of theinternet have )ominate) c$lt$ral changeover the past fe )eca)es. In)ee), theycan be seen as )ifferent aspects of the

same process. In analysing hat he callsthe &$na ay Worl)H, Anthony Gi))ens p$ts it like this( DI see globalisation as af$n)amental shift in o$r instit$tions ... an$n)erlying shift in the ay e live. 2hemain )river of globalisation isnHteconomic globalisation as s$ch, it isinformation an) comm$nication.F

asistat ntreaga lume n timp reaevenimentele de zi au fost otrauma pentru unii i un triumfpentru al ii , ceea ce nseamn a interconectivitatea a comunit i

globale i diviziunile profunde cadrul acestuia .

R spunsul la atacurile de-a lung anilor care au urmat a crescut uof America i alia ii s i , ca auto lor destinate . Ea a f cut atacurimult mai probabil . Ca ceea ce afost " r zboiul mpotrivaterorismului " devine ceea ce senume te acum "r zboi lung " , nindreptam mai aproape der zboiul global permanent descr n Orwell 1984 . R zboiul nu esatt de mult ntre state, ntreboga i i s raci . n timp ce aces decalaj a fost ntotdeauna cu noea a ajuns acum la propor iipatologice . Disparit ile grote t n cadrul comunit ii mondiale care au ap rut cu globalizarea nmai sunt pur i simplu o chestiu de mai multe na iuni avansate

neperformante cele mai pu inavansate . Ele rezulta dintr-omanipulare agresiv a condi iilo de comer interna ional pentru a cre te bog ia celor deja bogat puterea celor deja puternic .Rezultatele sunt evident nedrep n special pentru persoanele


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3Gi))ens, +4446. 'omm$nicationnet orks have shr$nk the orl).*igitally mobilise) information circ$latesan) blen)s ithin them. 2he val$e thiscreates is the c$rrency of the eightless

economy, the recombinant c$lt$re of postmo)ernity 39arvey, +44/6.

Gi))ens p$ts a positive spin on all this,seeing globalisation as the means to ealthcreation an) even to fairer )istrib$tion.

or him, it means that those in the poororl) no have a greater chance to benefit

by participating in postmo)ern capitalism.7y contrast the anti


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2he significance of the internet is not onlyeconomic b$t semiotic an) )o$ble co)e)at that. It signifies the interconnectivityof o$r economic an) political lives b$t

also )emonstrates ho thatinterconnectivity is fragmente) asglobalisation e;aggerates )isparities of

ealth an) po er. 2he internet activelycreates hat it signifies thro$gh its po erto transform. 2he t$rb$lent, space


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ab$n)ant lifestyles )o not come for free.2he cost is violence )one to people, toc$lt$res an) to the environment. %ome ofthis violence, as the events on 4 ++ //+an) of C C // sho , is coming home.

2he nat$re of this violence as )escribe) by Walter 7en"amin, riting ami) the )arkgeopolitics of the +4 /Hs. 9e realise) that

hen society cannot contain the po er oftechnology, the res$lt is not only violence

b$t also the celebration of violence. 2heme)ia fren>y that greete) the attacks in

8e Mork an) Lon)on, along ith thehighly controlle) presentation of the

arfare in Ira= an) Afghanistan)emonstrate ho an) en)$ring penetratinghis analysis as. or many people in theWest, the arfare of recent years has

become some hat like a film. It reachesthem thro$gh reports from "o$rnalistsembe))e) in the military ho ork forhighly partisan me)ia companies like o;2N. All stages of the process are bro$ghtan) pai) for by political an) economicorganisations ho have an enormo$s stakein creating the meaning of hat ishappening. 2his control of information is

as strong as that of in any totalitarian state,the more so for being hi))en. 2he viethat the violence in Ira= an) Afghanistanas f$n)amentally an aggressive ar for oilstr$ggles to be hear). 2he vie that it isthe heroic str$ggle of the forces offree)om an) )emocracy against a orl)

i)e conspiracy of ma) terrorists is har)

postmodern . Visele de averenesustenabile cauteriza n min ivulnerabile crearea de dorin e c nu pot fi ndeplinite . Bun starediminueaz ca diversitatea

cultural dispare i autonomie

economic se micsoreaza .

Semnifica ia de pe internet nu e numai economic , ci semiotic idublu codificate la asta. Aceastasemnific interconectivitatea avie ii noastre economice i politice , dar , de asemenea,demonstreaz modul n careinterconectarea este fragmentat globalizarea exagereazdisparit ile de bog ie i putere Internetul creeaz n mod activceea ce se semnific prin puteresa de a transforma . Turbulent ,mai pu in spa iu interconectivitatea pe internet eo reamintire a vie ii mpletite deto i cei care tr iesc pe lumeanoastr . Spre deosebire de filmi televiziune , care aduce imagi

de la cazul n care v afla i ,

imaginile ob inute de explorareinternetului au o aura de a fi " nalt parte " . De i no iunile de a lua o " vacan virtual ", sau de c l tori o " autostrad ", prin utilizarea internetului sunt prosttransparent , descoperind site-urde internet ciudate poate simti c


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to avoi). 2his fable, hich might have been crafte) by *isney corporation, notonly conceals m$ch of hat le) to the

arfare b$t also satisfies the )esire forspectac$lar on


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2ransnational corporations e;ert enormo$sgeopolitical infl$ence an) yet are beyon)

political restraint. People have )isengage)ith the political processes, )isenchante)

by spin an) misrepresentation. e er

people vote than ever before an) the)emocratic )eficit is gro ing. We may beitnessing a transition from party politics

to iss$e politics, hich may be beneficial.9o ever, in the transition, tra)itional

political str$ct$res ill be eakene).2hey ill conse=$ently e;ert even lessrestraint on those ith control of the me)ia

ho ill have more po er than ever before to )istort the presentation of events.*istortion, intentional an) not, makes itimpossible to tr$st the ever


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of stress an) an;iety. Even in the richorl), someone living in poor con)itions

has got eno$gh to orry abo$t. Witho$tork or sec$rity e are not likely to feel

m$ch concern abo$t events in Afghanistan

or even in 8e Mork. :nly hen o$r basic nee)s are met is there the space tofeel concern for others hen they are not,o$r concerns are for o$rselves.

1aslo , a fo$n)ing fig$re in h$manistic psychology, represente) h$man nee)s as a pyrami). At the bottom are basic nee)s to)o ith the preservation of life, that eshare ith all other living beings that m$sthave air, ater, foo), shelter an) safety tos$rvive. 8e;t $p are social an) emotionalnee)s some of hich e share ith othersocial animals. 2hese are o$r nee)s to

belong to relate. At the top come the$ni=$ely h$man nee) for selfak, 2., Gomes, 1.B Kanner, A. 3E)s.6

-copsychology/ )estoring the -arth, Healing the 0ind %ierra 'l$b 7ooks, %an

rancisco.

Klein, 8. 3 ///6 o 5ogo/ #aking !im !t #he %rand %ullies.lamingo, Lon)on.

1cL$han, 1. B iore, 0. 3+4@C6 0edium (s #he 0assage. &an)om9o$se, 8e Mork.

Porritt, J. 3 // 6 Capitalism !s ( #he

incanta lumea prin nsu irea deterenuri exotice ( Berman ,1981 ) . Pentru cei care dejalocuiesc acolo , invadatorii au fprivite ca nnebunit de

necesitatea de a consuma . Laindienii Hopi , ca modul lor devia era distrus , a recunoscut stare general de r u a oamenilo albi . A fost o boal psihic , car se nume te " koyaanisqatsi " ,adic , " o via de echilibru " .

Bun stare depinde de o via n echilibru . n cazul n care modunostru de via este n curs decondus profund de echilibru denevoi artificiale i nesustenabileacest lucru trebuie s fie abordadac vrem s desf oare activit de cercetare , care este adecvat util . Cele mai multe tiin e sociale , care reflect etosul demodernitate , modelul lor decercetare n tiin ele naturale . Acestea se refer n principal culucruri care pot fi num rate i cu factorii determinan i imediate ,

ra ional , de bun stare .

Contribu ia ecopsychology este a completa acest lucru cu decercetare care reflect diversitat metodologic al epociipostmoderne ( Gergen , 2001) .Este un echilibru mai mult chia ntre metode cantitative i


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World 0atters.Lon)on( Earthscan.

&os>ak, 2. 3+44 6 Where Psyche 1eetsGaia. In &os>ak, 2.,Gomes, 1. B Kanner,

A. 3E)s.6 -copsychology/ )estoring the -arth, Healing the 0ind %ierra 'l$b 7ooks, %an

rancisco.%eabrook, J. 3+4 6 5andscapes

overty . 7lack ell,:;for).

%hiva, N. 3 ///6 Globalisation an)Poverty. )esurgenceIss$e / ,%eptember :ctober.

%kaer, 2., %kaer, 2., %clar, *., &obison, L.B Galin, &. 3 ///62ren)s In 2he &ate :f*epressive Illness An)!se :f Anti)epressantPharmacotherapy 7yEthnicity &ace( AnAssessment :f :ffice

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