western civilization - lecture 01
DESCRIPTION
Ancient Near EastAncient IsraelThe Greeks and RomansTRANSCRIPT
- 1. Introduction to Western Civilization
- IS-VNU
- Mr. Mike Beard
- Session 1
- Foundations of Western Civilization Part 1
2. Introduction to Western Civilization
- Foundations of Western Civilization
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- The Ancient Near East
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- Ancient Israel and Judaism
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- The Greeks and Romans
3. The Ancient Near East 4. The Ancient Near East The Fertile Crescent 5. The Ancient Near East Mesopotamia
- Greek meaning: The Land Between 2 Rivers
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- area between the Tigris and Euphrates rivers
- Located in Modern-day Iraq and Turkey
- Early Mesopotamian Cultures
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- Sumer
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- Akkad
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- Babylon
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- Assyria
6. The Ancient Near East The Mediterranean Sea
- Trade
- Exchange of ideas, art and culture
7. The Ancient Near East Gbekli Tepe
- Discovered in 1994
- Oldest known man-made structure
- 10,000 B.C.
- Ancient Temple
- Changes current theories about civilization
8. The Ancient Near East Gbekli Tepe
- During the time of hunter-gatherers
- Previous view: settlements then religion
- New view: religion then settlements
9. The Ancient Near East Sumerian Writing
- Cuneiform: 1st Western Writing System
- About 3300 B.C.E.
- Written on clay tablets using a reed stylus
10. The Ancient Near East Babylonian Written Law
- Hammurabi - 6 thKing of Babylon
- First Written Code of Law
11. The Ancient Near East Mesopotamian Architecture
- Ziggurat
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- Ancient Temple complex
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- Built by Sumerians, Babylonians, Elamites, Akkadians, and Assyrians
12. The Ancient Near East Mesopotamian Art
- Carved Stone
- Bronze
13. The Ancient Near East Literature & Mythology
- Creation Myths
- Enma Eli
- > Creation was the result of a battle between Marduk and Tiamat
- > Humans created to serve the gods
14. The Ancient Near East Literature & Mythology
- The Epic of Gilgamesh
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- Story of a king who tried to find immortality
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- Flood account
Epic of Gilgamesh - Tablet 11 15. The Ancient Near East Sumerian Writing and Stories Video 16. Ancient Israel and Judaism
- Patriarch of Israel is Abraham
- Abraham promised to become a Great Nation
- Abraham's son Isaac receives this promise as well
Abraham and the Angels, Rembrandt 1630 17. Ancient Israel and Judaism
- Isaac has a son Jacob
- Jacob's name is changed to Israel after he wrestles with God
- Jacob's 12 sons form the 12 Tribes of Israel
Jacob Wrestling with the Angel,Eugne Delacroix (1861) 18. Ancient Israel and Judaism
- Israel spends 400 years in Egypt as Slaves
19. Ancient Israel and Judaism
- Moses called to free Israel from Egypt
- After 10 Plagues Pharaoh releases Israel
- Israel crosses the Red Sea and wanders for 40 years
Moses And The Burning Bush Byzantine Mosaic Catherine's Monastery 20. Ancient Israel and Judaism
- Under Joshua's leadership, Israel conquers Canaan
- After Joshua, Israel is ruled by Judges
- Saul becomes the 1 stking of Israel
- David become king
- Solomon builds the Temple in Jerusalem
21. Ancient Israel and Judaism Literature The Torah
- Moses Traditionally ascribed to be the Author
- First 5 Books of the Jewish Bible / Christian Old Testament
- Genres include: Narrative History, Law, Poetry
Moses , Michelangelo, 1513-1515 22. Ancient Israel and Judaism The Torah Creation Video of Genesis 1 23. Ancient Israel and Judaism The Torah The Exodus Video of Exodus Story 24. Ancient Greece
- Architecture
- Stone Columns
Doric Ionic Corinthian The Parthenon in Athens 25. Ancient Greece Art: Statues
- Realistic
- Mythological subjects
Laocoon and His Sons 26. Ancient Greece Art: Statues
- Religious
- Statues of the gods used in temples
Zeus or Poseidon 27. Ancient Greece Art: Statues
- Statues to celebrate important events like the Olympics
Discus Thrower 28. Ancient Greece Art: Statues
- Statues to honor important people
Homer Socrates 29. Ancient Greece Literature: Homer Epic Poem Set in the Trojan War Tells of the battles and events during the weeks of a quarrel between King Agamemnon and the warrior Achilles. The Iliad 30. Ancient Greece Literature: Homer Epic poemGreek hero Odysseus'long journey home following the fall of Troy.It takes Odysseus ten years to reach Ithaca after the ten-year Trojan War. The Odyssey 31. Ancient Greece Drama
- Drama or the Theatre grew out of ritual practices celebrating the god Dionysos
- Athens is believed to be the birthplace of the theatre
- 600 BC, formal lyrics for the dithyramb were written.
- Thespis of Attica added an actor who interacted with the chorus
32. Ancient Greece Drama: Tragedy
- Not just a sad ending
- Meant to teach a moral lesson
- Oedipus Rex by Sophocles
33. Ancient Greece Drama: Comedy
- Characters are exaggerated stereotypes
- Laughable people - some kind of blunder or ugliness which does not cause pain or disaster
- Aristophanes
34. Ancient Greece Philosophy 35. Ancient Greece Philosophy The Great Western Philosophers: Socrates, Plato and Aristotle Socrates Aristotle Plato 36. Ancient Greece Philosophy Socrates
- The Socratic Method
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- Teaching through a series of questions
- Sentenced to death for Atheism and corrupting the youth of Athens
The Death of Socrates , Jaques-Louis David (1787) 37. Ancient Greece Philosophy Plato
- Student of Socrates
- Philosophical Dialogues
- Founded The Academy in Athens
- Believe that Reality exists in the realm of Ideas or Forms
38. Ancient Greece Philosophy Plato's Cave 39. Ancient Greece Philosophy Aristotle
- Student of Plato
- Multiple Disciplines
- Practical Ethics Better to do good than know good
- Rejected Plato's theory of forms
- Developed the 1 stformalized system of logic
40. Ancient Greece Politics Alexander the Great
- Student of Aristotle
- Implemented Aristotle's Political Ideas
- Conquered Persian Empire
- After removing Persians from power in Egypt, he order the city of Alexandria to be built in Egypt.
- Spread Greek culture around ANE
41. The Romans
- The Legend of Romulus and Remus
Video 42. The Romans Architecture 43. The Romans Architecture 44. The Romans Architecture 45. The Romans Architecture: Apartments 46. The Romans Architecture 47. The Romans Architecture 48. The Romans Architecture 49. The Romans Architecture 50. The Romans Architecture 51. The Romans Architecture 52. The Romans Architecture 53. The Romans Engineering: Arches and Aqueducts 54. The Romans Engineering: Concrete and Paved Roads 55. The Romans Representative Government