what are kinetic and potential energy? · 9/15/2015 · •all energy is divided into two types:...
TRANSCRIPT
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What are Kinetic and
Potential Energy?
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What is ENERGY?
• Energy is the ability to do work.
• Everything that happens in the world uses energy!
• Most of the time we can’t see energy, but it is
everywhere around us!
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Energy…
• is NEVER created or destroyed!
• can only be STORED or TRANSFERRED.
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Batteries store energy!
This car
uses a
lot of
energy
We get
our
energy
from
FOOD!
Even this
sleeping
puppy is
using
stored
energy.
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Remember:
ALL matter is made upof particles.
The particles NEVERstop moving.
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How is all energy divided?
All Energy
Potential Energy
Kinetic Energy
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Potential Energy is…
• The energy stored in an object due to its position or shape.
• "Potential" simply means the energy has the ability to do something useful later on.
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Examples of Potential Energy:
A stretched rubber band..
Water at the top of a waterfall..
Yo–Yo held in your hand..
A drawn Bow and Arrow…
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• The higher an object, the more potential energy.
• The more mass an object has, the more potential energy it has.
Factors Affecting GPE
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Which object has more potential energy?
A
B
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ANSWER
A
This brick has more mass than the feather;
therefore more potential energy!
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Changing an objects’ height can change its potential energy.
• If I want to drop an apple from the top of one of these three things, where will be the most potential energy?
A
BC
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ANSWER
• The higher the object, the more potential energy!
A
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Potential Energy Converted to Kinetic Energy…
• When stored energy begins to move, the object now transfers from potential energy into kinetic energy.
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Kinetic Energy Is…
• The energy of an object due to its motion.
• "Kinetic" means movement!
• When stored energy is being used up, it is making things move or happen.
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Examples of Kinetic Energy:
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• The faster the object moves, the more kinetic energy is produced.
• The greater the mass and speed of an object, the more kinetic energy there will be.
Factors Affecting KE
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When these objects move at the same speed, which will have more kinetic
energy?
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ANSWER
The semi- truck has more mass;
therefore, more kinetic energy!
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Roller Coasters
• When does the train on this roller coaster have the MOST potential energy?
• AT THE VERY TOP!
• The HIGHER the train is lifted by the motor, the MOREpotential energy is produced.
• At the top of the hill the train has a huge amount of potential energy, but it has very little kinetic energy.
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• As the train accelerates down the hill the potential energy is converted into kinetic energy.
• There is very little
potential energy at
the bottom of the hill,
but there is a great
amount of kinetic
energy.
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• When does the train on this roller coaster have the MOST kinetic energy?
(When is it moving the fastest?)
(When does it have the LEAST potential energy???)
• At the bottom of the tallest hill!
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• All energy is divided into two types: potential and kinetic.
• Potential Energy: The energy stored in an object.
• Kinetic Energy: The energy of a moving object.
• Energy is never created or destroyed. It is always stored or transferred.
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(Kg)
(meters)
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///0.5*
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A 60 kilogram person walks from the ground to the
roof of a 74.8 meter tall building. How much
gravitational potential energy does she have at the
top of the building?
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An air-conditioning unit was mounted on the top of a
business building. The A.C. unit weighs 7000.0
kilograms and is 58 meters above ground. What is the
gravitational-potential energy of the A.C. unit?
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A 45.0 kilogram student is on the second floor
of a building 22 meters above ground. What is
the GPE of this particular student?
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A 1400 Kg car is moving at a speed of 25 m/s.
How much kinetic energy does the car have?
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A wrecking ball is swinging at a speed of 5
meters/second. The wrecking ball has a mass of 5000
kilograms (kg). How much kinetic energy does the
wrecking ball have?
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Determine the kinetic energy of a 625-kg roller coaster car that is moving with a speed of 18.3 m/s.