What are Smart Sensors/Actuators?

• Sensor/Actuator either senses environment or activates motors, solenoids.– Motion detectors and

light level sensors• Ambient light control

network:• - Ambient light sensor,

presence sensor, security controller and lighting actuator

Context in Ubiquitous Computing

What is a smart clock?

• A clock becomes a provider of time services in a home network

• Your alarm clock propagates information to household appliances

Context sensing

Growing up

Context aware cup

Context aware devices

Pervasive Computing

Evolution of the Digital Computer

Mainframe

Cent

raliz

ed

Com

putin

g

1960

PortablesMob

ile

Com

putin

g

1990

Sensor Network

Perv

asive

Co

mpu

ting

2000

Internet

PC

Dist

ribut

edCo

mpu

ting

1980

40 years

Matilda Smart House

6 ft. x6 ft.

Elder

Monitor A

Monitor B

Monitor C

Monitor D

(0,0)

Ultrasoniclocationsensor

Living area

Kitchen

Bathroom

Bedroom

Wearable Computing

Context aware application

Why Simulate?

Check locks on doors and

windows

Other Services

Automatically refillprescription

Check iflaundry is done

Call in a nurse

Call in for help and

Assistance

Monitorof kitchen:oven and

stove on/off;temp.

Turn on/offlights (and

visually inspect)

other rooms.

Sense and see visitors/strangers

at front door

Order grocerieswith dietary restrictions

Smart Phones

Medicine Reminder/ComplianceUnLatch

Client

Server

Response

Query

Reply

Request

ProxyHTTP Interface

Query

Response

Generated PulseData written to portUnlock request

CircuitTINI Board

Scanner

Medicine Bottle

Pharmacy

• Schedule & deliver medicine reminders to a large population of users

• Direct access to the system by the pharmacy• Provide Medicine information along with reminders • Automatic refill & possible home delivery• Support for compliance (correct medication intake, and

safeguards against overdose)

Actuators and Sensors

An agent observes the state of the world and can act by controlling actuators.

Actuators are (weakly) related to sensors.

Observes

Controls

Influences

Relationships• Actuators operate in a

certain domain. • Sensors sense a

certain domain.• The activation of an

actuator aims to change the state of a domain.

• Disallow conflicting operations!

RaisesLowers

Don’t turn on ac & heater at same time!

Restricting Behavior• For every context we define what actions are

permissible.• We describe which java methods are allowed to

be invoked.• We can enforce policy by inserting security code

into classes when they are loaded (bytecode instrumentation).

Advantage

RFiD

Expiration

{Not Expired, Expired}

Can cookCannot cook

Cooking a pizza

Diet

{Healthy, Unhealthy}

Forget about your pizza

Types of Sensors

Smart Homes

Features

Crystallization of the vision

Application areas