What are the causes of rapid industrialization?

Railroads

TrustsPoolsKickbacksRebatesStock

wateringBribery

Government protection

Slaughterhouse cases– narrowly defined the 14th amendment as protecting

US v E.C Knight and Co- “monopoly of manufacture is not the same as monopoly of commerce”

Wabash, St. Louis and Pacific Railroad v Illinois- states can only limit intrastate commerce, not interstate (railroad not touched)

Interstate Commerce Commission Sherman Antitrust ActMunn v Illinois- people have the right to limit

commerce (overturned by Wabash)

Unions

AFoL- Samuel Gompers

Wobblies- Mother Jones

Knights of Labor- Terrence Powderly

National Labor Union- William Sylvis

Strikes Great Railroad Strike of

1877 Homestead Strike Pullman Strike Haymarket Strike

Not like the brazen giant of Greek fame With conquering limbs astride from land to land; Here at our sea-washed, sunset gates shall stand A mighty woman with a torch, whose flame Is the imprisoned lightning, and her name Mother of Exiles. From her beacon-hand Glows world-wide welcome; her mild eyes command The air-bridged harbor that twin cities frame, "Keep, ancient lands, your storied pomp!" cries she With silent lips. "Give me your tired, your poor, Your huddled masses yearning to breathe free, The wretched refuse of your teeming shore, Send these, the homeless, tempest-tossed to me, I lift my lamp beside the golden door!" by Emma Lazarus, New York City, 1883

Ellis and Angel Islands

2nd Wave Immigration

Inventions

Urban political machines

Nativism

American Protective Association

Settlement Houses

Dignify and glorify common labor. It is at the bottom of life that we must begin, not at the top. Booker T. Washington

And yet not a dream, but a mighty reality- a glimpse of the higher life, the broader possibilities of humanity, which is granted to the man who, amid the rush and roar of living, pauses four short years to learn what living means” ― W.E.B. DuBois

Reform

Carrie Nation and the Anti Saloon League

Comstock Laws Ida Wells and

antilynching Carrie Chapman Catt

and NAWSA NAACP and DuBois Henry Bergh and the

ASPCA

Entertainment

Chicago World’s Fair