What Else?Other major events

of the Middle Ages

Cities Grow

• Cities attracted traveling scholars• Young men flocked to cathedral schools (later

became universities)• Studied grammar, reasoning, mathematics• Writing about chivalry grew– Qualities knights suppose to have– Brave, loyal, do heroic deeds to win of a worthy

woman

Black Death

• Cities usually walled in for protection and had limited space

• Houses crowded together– Streets filthy– Waste thrown from windows– Sickness spread

Black Death• Wiped out 1/3 of Europe’s

population in 4 yrs.• Bubonic plaque• Spread by fleas on rats• Swellings, black bruises, death

followed quickly!

10 Worst Plagues in History

10. Moscow Plague and Riot 1771 9. Great Plague of Marseille 1720 – 1722 8. Antonine Plague 165 – 180 AD 7. Plague of Athens 430–427 BC 6. Great Plague of Milan 1629–1631 5. American Plagues 16th Century 4. Great Plague of London 1665 – 1666 3. Plague of Justinian 541 – 542 2. The Third Pandemic 1855 – 1950s 1. The Black Death 1347 – 1351

Plague

• Black Plague: Discovery Ed

Decline of Feudalism

• Wealthiest lords had great power• Thought equal of the king• Crusades weakened nobles– Lost land when kings claimed land upon their

death– King supported new towns for money– With $ hired armies to attack nobles

King became powerful!

King John

June 15, 1215RunnymedeEnglish nobles gather, march to LondonDemand meeting with King JohnWHY???

• BAD KING!! 1199 became king– Wants to increase wealth & power– Taxes people HEAVILY – Jails enemies unjustly!– Without trial– Clashed with Pope. (Oh No!)– Took church property– Pope excommunicates him!! (throws him

out of church) – Pope declares John is no longer king!!

WOW!

Put him in jail!

WHY?Because I said so!!

• Nobles strike while John at weakest• Make a list of demands• John makes his royal mark on their document

called the Magna Carta (Great Charter)

You’re all a bunch of bullies!Waaa

What does the Magna Carta do?

• Limits king’s power over nobles• Cannot jail nobles without just

cause• Cannot tax them without their

agreement• Paved way for first Parliament – (council that would advise

the English king in government matters)

England becoming more united!

Hundred’s Year War

• England vs. France (1337-1453)• 1328 French king dies• Edward III thought he should be king– He owned a lot of French land

I should rule France. Look

at my cool beard!

Get lost Eddie!

Joan to the Rescue!

• England gains ground until 1429• 17 year old peasant girl, Joan of Arc, joins

army• Believed God had called her to lead French at

the battle of Orléans.• She convinced French king • Defeat English at Orléans + four other battles

Poor Joan

• English capture her• Tried as witch• Burned at the stakeBut • 1453 France reclaims most

of its lands