what is a microorganism? micro – very small; organism – living thing. a very small, living thing
TRANSCRIPT
What is a microorganism?
Micro – very small; organism – living thing.
A very small, living thing.
Let’s look at examples of
microorganisms.
Bacteria
Bacteria are single-celled organisms (made of one
cell).
They are found everywhere.
Bacteria come in three shapes.
Round (coccus)
Rod (bacillus)Spiral (spirillum)
Some are producers.
(Producer – makes own food)
Other bacteria are consumers.
(Consumer - Has to find food and eat it.)
Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Provide nitrogen for plants. Fixes the soil (changes the nitrogen to a form the plant can use).
Get minerals from ores.
Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Used to make plastics and laundry detergents.
Help make antibiotics.
Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Yogurt
SauerkrautPickles
Olives
Beneficial uses of bacteria.
Chocolate
CheeseSoy Sauce
Vinegar
Ketchup
Why Swiss Cheese Has Holes
.
Harmful effects of bacteria.
Cause Diseases (<1% of bacteria cause diseases)
Three ways to get disease. Through air (breathe in). Through touch. Eating contaminated food.
Harmful effects of bacteria.
Examples of bacterial diseases. Dental caries (cavities). Strep throat. Salmonella. Typhoid fever.
Harmful effects of bacteria.
Causes disease in farm animals.
Causes metal to rust and wear away.
Click here for Bacteria Eating the Titanic
.
Can Bacteria Get Sick
?
How to prevent diseases.
Vaccinations.
Antibiotics.
Wash hands after using bathroom or whenever dirty.
How to prevent diseases.
Cook food properly.
Store food properly.
Cover mouth when sneezing, coughing.
Click here for Germs.Click here for How Dirty are Bathrooms
?Click here for the Proper way to Use TP
.
Click here for the Surprise Toothbrush
.
Click here for the Five-Second Rule
.http://videos.howstuffworks.com/university-of-florida/4112-nuke-your-sponge-video.htm
Click here for How Bacteria Become Drug Resistant
.
When you see a pond, you see
a lot of life!
Photo source: Hobo’s Pond B&B
Much of it, you can’t see!
Photo source: Hobo’s Pond B&B
It’s too small for you to see.
To see it, you will need a microscope.
This is the world of the protozoan
(protist).
Photo source: University of Winnipeg, Dr. Simmons’ protist webpage
Note: All protists live in water.
Photo source: University of Winnipeg, Dr. Simmons’ protist webpage
Let’s examine three different examples of protozoans.
The Amoeba
The amoeba is among the most primitive of all
organisms.
The amoeba has an irregular shape.
(In other words, its shape always
changes.)
It moves using a pseudopod (false foot).
It’s clear (you can see through it).
The amoeba is a consumer.
The Amoeba
Staples High School, West Port, CT, Mr. Lazaroff’s webpage
The Paramecium
The paramecium is an oval shaped protozoan.
It moves using tiny hair-like appendages
called cilia.
It is a pale, translucent color.
It is a consumer.
Biology Teaching & Learning Resources - Biological Drawings: Protista. Paramecium
The Paramecium
The Euglena
The Euglena is an oval-shaped protozoan.
It moves using a tail-like structure
called a flagellum.
The Euglena is green.
It is primarily a producer, but can be a consumer.
The Euglena
Click here Monsters Inside Me: Eaten From The Inside Out
.
Algae
Algae can be microscopic to 150 feet long.
Source: Scribemedia.orgc
Algae are producers.
Source: http://bennettkids.homestead.com/mrsbennetthome.
html
Algae are an important food
source for sea life.
Source: eFuse.com
Algae provide over 50% of the oxygen
we breathe.
Benefits of AlgaeUsed in …
livestock feed. cosmetics. prescription drug production. identifying possible
environmental problems
Benefits of AlgaeFood Production
Sushi Ice cream Salad dressing Syrup (thickener)
Fungi
Consumer. Must find and eat food.
Eats by absorbing food.
Decomposer Feeds on and breaks down dead
plant or animal matter.
Can be from single-celled to largest organism alive.
Can’t move.
Examples. Mushrooms. Truffles.
A mushroom like fungus that grown underground; primarily found in Europe; a highly valued food.
Lichen Fungus often found as white
or yellow patches on old walls, etc.
Benefits of FungiUsed to make chemicals used in
manufacturing.
Produce antibiotics (example – penicillin).
Clean the environment.
Benefits of Fungi
Food production. Cheese Mushrooms Yeast Truffles Soy sauce
Click here HowStuffWorks Show:
Bread Making.
Harmful Effects of Fungi
Causes 70% of all crop diseases.
Diseases in humans. Respiratory (lung) diseases
(example – pneumonia). Athlete’s foot. Ringworm (makes a raised round
circle that looks like it was caused by a worm).
When is Cheese Mold Good or Bad
?
The presentation ends here.