what is a wave? disturbanceenergy traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to...

Unit 12 Light Waves and Sound

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Page 1: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Unit 12 Light Waves and Sound

Page 2: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

What is a Wave?Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another

Remember – Energy is the ability to do work or cause change

http://www.ankiewicz.com/photos/imagefiles/99_IMG0016.JPG

http://www.nature.com/news/2003/030901/images/waves_180.jpg

What is a wave?Where does the energy of a wave come

from?

Vibrations: An object that is vibrating is moving and vibrating objects transfer their energy to objects next to them

http://www.ankiewicz.com/photos/imagefiles/99_IMG0016.JPG

http://www.nature.com/news/2003/030901/images/waves_180.jpg

Page 4: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

2 Main Types of WavesTransverse Waves

Examples: Ocean waves, radio waves, light waves and heat waves

Compression (Longitudinal) Waves

Example: Sound waves

Page 5: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Transverse WavesMotion of the medium is at a right

angle (90) to the direction of the wave movement

Page 6: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Parts of a Transverse WaveCrest: highest point of the wave

Trough: lowest point of the wave

Page 7: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

More on Transverse Waves

Page 10: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Math – Frequency and Wavelength

Frequency and Wavelength are inversely related

Frequency has units of 1/s or s-1 or Hertz (Hz)

Wavelength has a unit of meters (m)

Page 11: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Math – Frequency and Wavelength

Velocity of a wave is calculated by multiplying wavelength by frequency

Velocity has units of meters/second (m/s)

V = x f

Page 12: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Example Problem #1A wave is generated in a wave pool at

an amusement park. The wavelength is 3.2 m and the frequency is 0.60 Hz. What is the velocity of the wave?

Page 13: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Example Problem #2Earthquakes can produce three types

of waves. One of these is transverse wave called an “s” wave. A typical s wave travels at 5000 m/s. Its wavelength is 417 m. What is its frequency?

Page 14: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Compression/Longitudinal WaveMotion of the medium is parallel to the direction of the wave movement

Examples: Sound waves, springs, coils

Page 15: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Compressions expand to an area that is less dense

Rarefaction: The less dense area in a compression wave

Compression/Longitudinal Wave

Page 16: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

In order to have a compression wave, there must be a medium (matter)

Matter in a medium does not move forward. Instead the wave carries the energy forward.

Compression/Longitudinal Wave

Page 17: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Wavelength (): One compression and one rarefaction

Frequency (f): Number of compressions that pass a point per second

Compression/Longitudinal Wave

Page 18: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Interactions of Waves

Page 19: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Bouncing back of a wave after it strikes a surface

Incident ray – incoming wave

Reflected ray – reflected wave

Reflection

Page 20: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Bending of a wave because of a change in medium

Refraction

Page 21: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Bending of a wave around the edges of an obstacle

Waves move in a straight line unless they interact with an obstacle

Diffraction

Page 22: What is a Wave? disturbanceenergy Traveling disturbance that carries energy from one place to another work change Remember – Energy is the ability to

Interference – Interaction of waves that arrive at the same place at the same time

Constructive Interference Destructive Interference

Wave interference

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