what is cellular respiration?
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What is Cellular Respiration?. energy. When organisms release the _________ stored in carbohydrates and other food molecules. GlucoseFructose Monosaccharides. Sucrose: A disaccharide. Aerobic Respiration. Occurs when Oxygen is present Many ATP Molecules made. - PowerPoint PPT PresentationTRANSCRIPT
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What is Cellular Respiration?
• When organisms release the _________ stored in carbohydrates and other food molecules
energy
Sucrose: A disaccharideGlucose Fructose
Monosaccharides
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Aerobic Respiration
1. Occurs when Oxygen is present
2. Many ATP Molecules made
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Anaerobic Respiration
1. Occurs when no Oxygen is present
2. Very little ATP made
3. Two basic types:a. Fermentation:
Alcohol and CO2 produced
b. Lactic Acid
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What did Krebs and Chance Discover in their Research?• Enjoy this video clip, and jot down a
summary of Krebs’ and Chance’s research.
• Pay attention to the significance of both scientist’s discoveries.
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Label the parts of the mitochondrion
Inner membrane
Outer membrane
Cristae
Matrix
Inter-membrane
space
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3 stages of Cellular Respiration
1. Glycolysis: • Occurs in the cytoplasm
• No O2 required
2. Krebs Cycle:• Occurs in the mitochondrion
3. Electron Transport Chain• Requires O2
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““Glyco” “lysis” literally means Glyco” “lysis” literally means “sugar” “splitting”“sugar” “splitting”
ATP ATP
P P
ADP ADP
ATP = -2= -2
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P
P
Glycolysis takes place in the Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasmcytoplasm
PP
NAD+
NAD+NADH
NADH
NADH = +2= +2
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P
P
Glycolysis takes place in the Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasmcytoplasm
P
P
ADP
ADP
ATP
ATP
ATP = +2= +2
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Glycolysis takes place in the Glycolysis takes place in the cytoplasmcytoplasm
P
P
ADP
ADP
ATP
ATP
ATP = +2= +2
PyruvatePyruvate
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What is the net gain of energy in
Glycolysis?
• ATP = + 2
• NADH = + 2
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The Krebs Cycle takes place in The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Matrix of the Mitochondrionthe Matrix of the Mitochondrion
NAD+
NAD+NADH
NADH
CoA
CoA
Acetyl CoA
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The Krebs Cycle takes place in The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Matrix of the Mitochondrionthe Matrix of the Mitochondrion
CoA Citrate
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The Krebs Cycle takes place in The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrionthe Mitochondrion
NAD+NADH
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The Krebs Cycle takes place in The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrionthe Mitochondrion
NAD+NADH
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The Krebs Cycle takes place in The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrionthe Mitochondrion
P
ADPATP
NADHNAD+
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The Krebs Cycle takes place in The Krebs Cycle takes place in the Mitochondrionthe Mitochondrion
FADHFADH2
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What is gained and lost for each pyruvate molecule?
• What is lost during the Krebs Cycle?– A Carbon atom must
be lost– It is lost in the form of
Carbon Dioxide
– There are 3 CO2 molecules lost
• What is gained during the Krebs Cycle?– 4 NADH molecules are
made.
– 1 FADH2 molecule is made
– 1 ATP molecule is made
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What is gained per glucose molecule?
NADH = +4
ATP = +1
FADH2 = +1
• But there were two molecules of Acetyl CoA (per glucose) that went into the Krebs Cycle…
• How many would actually be produced in this case?
+8
+2
+2
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Where is the energy?
• So far, most of the usable energy from the original glucose molecule is stored as electrons in and
• Where will most of the ATP be made?
The Electron Transport Chain
NADH FADH2
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Where is the Electron Transport Where is the Electron Transport Chain?Chain?
Inside the mitochondrion.
Folds of the inner membrane known as cristae.
Many ATP molecules willbe produced in these
Electron Transport Chains
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How much ATP can each How much ATP can each electron carrier make?electron carrier make?
FADH2
NADH
FADH2
FADH2
ATP
ATP
ATPATP
ATP
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After electrons travel through the ETC, Oxygen is the final electron acceptor. Electrons, and two Hydrogen
ions attach to the oxygen, and H2O is formed.
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Hydrogen ions pump from the matrix to the inter- membrane space, using the energy from the
electrons.
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The diffusion of H+ ions through the enzyme, ATP synthase makes ATP
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C6H12O6ATP
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C6H12O6 CO2 H2O ATP
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C6H12O6 CO2 H2OO2 ATP+ + +
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• With a neighbor, fill in the steps in this cycle of Photosynthesis and Respiration.
• We will check your answers when you are done!
Photosynthesis and Respiration