What is CERN?

International laboratory with strongest “microscope” in the world answering questions about:

School laboratory microscope

CERN’s “microscope”

How we can build such a microscope?

We need precision engineering!And a cooperation of thousands of scientists and engineers

and most importantly:

What is Precision?

Relative term dependent on dimensions.

Precision optics: Camera vs European extremely large telescope

Rrelative precisions: 1µm/0.07m=1.4x10^-5 (camera) VS 15nm/39.8m = 3.76x10^-10

(camera vs telescope like 1km VS 1mm accuracy)

Precision electronics: 1st transistor (1947) vs nowadays transistors

1 transistor

1 transistor in 1947

more then 1 000 000 000 transistors(in one chip)

The Philosophy of precision engineering:“The ultimate limit of precision in future will be of the size molecules/atom’s size’s (relativistic uncertainties/Brownian motions)

Watchmakers connection to precision engineering examples from history:

- Fuse - Balance wheel (dynamic balancing)

F=k.x,

F varies as x varies with spring unwinds.

Element that gives precision example/mockups: Interchangeable manufacturing, tolerance for

precision assembly

Create 1 big (30,40cm Radius) clock plastic mechanism to be assembled by kids (right

size part at right location to sucseed)

Precision engineering in CLIC

8

5.56mm diameter

48.3 km straight line assembly of 2 linac’s “particle guns” shooting at each other

Beams are ~10nm diameter equivalent

Gun schematic courtesy of google

CLIC artist impression courtesy of CERN

CLIC artist impression beams colliding courtesy of CERN

→ Sources of troubles: - Operator ( bad usage)

Design:- geometry- kinematic

Environment

→ Temperature→ Vibrations→ pressure

Examples of precision engineering

World's Roundest Object(possibly new kg definition)

If the earth has the same flatness -> highest mountain would be 14m high

Examples of uses of precision engineering

Beam alignment - mock-up with laser pointers

Tolerances - mock-up with holes and pins