With your partner:

•Develop your own definition of “culture”

•Create a visual to go along with your definition

What is “culture”?

Music

What is “culture”?

CULTURE

•A people’s total way of life

•Everything an individual has learned and will pass on to future generations

•Influences personality and behavior

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION:

Social Classes

Way in which cultures rank

people in terms of their

importance.

Social Mobility: Moving from one social class to another

MoneyLand

EducationAncestry

Occupation

BACK

SOCIAL ORGANIZATION: FAMILY

NUCLEAR:Wife,

husband, children

Industrial societies

EXTENDED:Grandparents,

parents, aunts, uncles, children

Agricultural societies

BACK

Who Rules the Family?

Matriarchal

Patriarchal

BACK

Customs and Traditions - Society’s rules of behavior

Laws Social

Pressure

BACK

Folkways – ordinary rules of behavior (dress, courtesy, etc.

Mores – necessary for welfare of society

Laws – regulate behavior; carry penalties if violated; based on norms

Language

Positive:The cornerstone

of cultureMeans of

communicationIDENTITY

Negative: Creates a great deal

of tension as countries attempt to develop a unified culture

BACK

Arts & Literature

Teach about a particular culture

Used to pass along values

Strengthen IDENTITY

BACK

Religion

Monotheism: Worship of one god

Monism:

Polytheism: Worship of more than

one god

Christianity

Hinduism

Judaism

Islam

BACK

Governments

Person/People who hold power in a society

Provide for the common need:

•Keep order

•Protect society from outside threatsSociety’s laws and political institutions

Types of Government

• Democracy – rule by the people; govt. must have consent of the governed

• Republic – people choose leaders to represent them

• Dictatorship – ruler or group holds absolute power sometimes – not always - by force

• Communist state - a state governed a single Communist party (believe in Marx/Lenin)

Types of Government

DemocracyRepublicCommunist

Dictatorship

North KoreaAthens,

GreeceUnited States

Types of Government

• Democracy

• Republic

• Communist Dictatorship

• North Korea

• Athens, Greece

• United States

Types of Government

• Democracy

• Republic

• Communist Dictatorship

• North Korea

• Athens, Greece

• United States

BACK

Economics – how people use limited (scarce) resources to satisfy their wants and needs

Traditional – people produce most of what they needMarket – buying/selling occurs to satisfy wants/needs (ie. Village market)Command – govt decides what is produced, how they are produced and the cost (many communist countries have this (ie. Soviet Union)Mixed – govt makes some economic decisions and individuals make others (ie. United States)

BACK

UNDERSTANDING OTHER UNDERSTANDING OTHER CULTURESCULTURES

Why is it so difficult?Why is it so difficult?

RACISM

The belief that one group or culture is superior to another.

ETHNOCENTRISM

Judging other cultures by one’s own standards.

What does society need?

Appreciation of CULTURAL DIVERSITY

WHY DOES CULTURE CHANGE?WHY DOES CULTURE CHANGE?

CAUSES:

Technology

Changing Environment

New Ideas

Cultural Diffusion – the movement of customs and ideas from one place to

another

“How can anyone govern a nation that has two hundred and forty-six different kinds

of cheese?"— Charles de Gaulle (1890-1970), French

general, president. Quoted in: Newsweek (New York, 1 Oct. 1962)

Social Organization

CULTUREEconomic Systems

Government

Customs/Traditions Religion

Language

Arts/Literature