What is “Mindfulness”?Many “meditations” as there are many sports

Definition and History

Mindfulness-Based Stress Reduction (MBSR) and Chronic Pain (Jon Kabat Zinn, 1982)

Active self-regulation skills that patients could practice by themselves to help them cope with medical conditions—chronic pain foremost (10-8 Wk)

Mindfulness= “to pay attention on purpose in the present moment nonjudgmentally. “

"Mindfulness is the awareness that emerges through paying attention on purpose, in the present moment, with compassion, and open-hearted curiosity."

What is it and to what has science tried to apply it in studies? way of knowing and befriending one's own mind and

body and experience “coming to terms with things as they are.” (J. Kabat Zinn) cancer, heart disease, diabetes, brain injuries,

fibromyalgia, HIV/Aids, Parkinson’s, organ transplants, psoriasis, irritable bowel syndrome, and tinnitus.

attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, depression, anxiety, obsessive-compulsive disorder, personality disorders, substance abuse, and autism.

Range of Studies….approaching 20,000 In a meta-analysis of meditation programs, psychological stress, and

well-being in the March 2014 issue of the Journal of the American Medical Association, Internal Medicine, Madhav Goyal, a Johns Hopkins assistant professor of medicine, and his colleagues identified a staggering 18,753 citations

“High Quality”: 47 randomized controlled trials with 3,515 participants

Try, but sticking with it MBSR: 8 weeks “Plasticity” = Changes ion the brain with repetition of experience

and gaining of skills

How does it Work? And What’s the Point?

By helping people have more control over their minds, such as the ability to ignore distractions;

through increased awareness of one's own body; through improved control over one's own emotions and the

ability to cope with unpleasant emotions; through a changed perspective on the self.

( How Does Mindfulness Meditation Work? Proposing Mechanisms of Action From a Conceptual and Neural Perspective Perspectives on Psychological ScienceNovember 2011 6: 537-559)

(

improved control over one's own emotions and the ability to cope with unpleasant emotions

Testosterone and Cortisols Hormones and ethics: Understanding the biological basis of unethical

conduct Jooa Julia Lee, Francesca Gino, Ellie Shuo Jin, Leslie K Rice, Robert A Josephs Journal of Experimental Psychology. General 2015, 144 (5): 891-7

Stressors? Lack of sleep, academic demands, fear, lack of control, lack of choice,

boredom. Bullying, lack of time Chronic vs Acute

“MINDFULNESS”

“to pay attention on purpose in the present moment nonjudgmentally.

Many of of mindfulness: ACTION, THOUGHTS, EMOTIONS, SENSES

3 Different but linked meditation practices that studies have linked to specific results FOCUS and self awareness ATTENTION and CREATIVITY KINDNESS