what is plug-in electric vehicle – vehicle to grid (pev-v2g)?€¦ · • joint base (jb)...

DISTRIBUTION STATEMENT A: Approved for public release; distribution unlimited. PA Release 88ABW-2015-3019

What is Plug-in Electric Vehicle – Vehicle to Grid (PEV-V2G)?

With V2G, PEVs can receive or provide power to the grid.

Software Capabilities•FleetManagementSystem

•ChargeControl•GridScheduling•EVAssetCoordination•GridInterface

PEV-V2G Vehicles

Sites•LosAngelesAirForceBase(LAAFB),California

•FortHood,Texas•JointBase(JB)Andrews,Maryland

•JBMcGuire-Dix-Lakehurst(MDL),NewJersey

EnergyDistributionSystem

Scheduling

SystemManager

Infrastructure

PEV-V2GVehicles

Through its V2G services, a military base

REDUCES its energy costs and

greenhouse gas emissions.

Energy providers will

PAY for V2G services –

vehicle batteries provide an energy source to

stabilize the grid.

Charging Stations


What Plug-In Electric Vehicles (PEVs) and Plug-In Hybrid Electric Vehicles (PHEVs) are in the V2G fleet?

Miles per gallon (MPG), Miles per gallon equivalent (MPGe), Kilowatt-hours (kWh)Los Angeles Air Force Base (LAAFB), Joint Base Andrews (JB Andrews), Joint Base McGuire-Dix-Lakehurst (JB MDL)

*Fuel used only when electric range exceeded**Averaged over 60 miles

Range DescriptionPEV

electric range: 75 miles

fuel efficiency: 99 MPGe

24 kWh 21 kWh

PHEVelectric range: N/A

fuel efficiency: 45 MPG**

PHEV*electric range: 31 miles


PHEV*electric range: 40 miles


PEVelectric range: 100 miles

fuel efficiency: 32 MPGe

27 kWh 54 kWh 102 kWh

General Purpose Fleet Role

5 seats

1500 to 2800 lbs payload23.6 cubic feet cargo capacity

116 cubic feet cargo capacity

2650 lbs payload (cargo van only) 5300 lbs payload

3 seat standard cab 6 seats crew cab 2 seats

2 seat cargo 12 seat passenger

visitor transport:12 passengers + driver

Battery Capacity

Ford F-Series Trucks with EVAOS PHEV kits

Phoenix Motorcars Electric ShuttleNissan LEAF Sedan

Electric Vehicle International (EVI) Range Extended

Electric Vehicle (REEV)VIA Motors VTRUX Van

# at LocationsLAAFB

Fort Hood

JB Andrews

JB MDL

1388

- - -

1151458

4 1 - - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - -

- - - - - - - - -


VehicletoGridOB-EVIsuppliespowerstoredinvehiclebatteriestothegridaccordingtotheawardsignal.

How is the V2G infrastructure controlled?IntroductionAV2Gsystemiscomprisedofplug-inelectricvehicles(PEVs),bi-directionalchargingstations,andsoftwarecontrolsthatenableaninstallationtocompeteinutilityancillaryservicesmarkets.Customizedforeachbase,theOB-EVIprovidesthecommunicationandsoftwarecontrolsneededforallaspectsofV2G.

GoalMeetutilitysystemoperator’schargeanddischargerequirements•Fulfillbasefleetmissionrequirements

•Maximizeancillaryservicesrevenues

•Minimizenon-conformancepenalties

PEVFleetReservationsBasepersonnelreservecars/trucksinadvanceofuse.OB-EVIensuresV2Gparticipationdoesnotpreventthefleetfrommeetingmissionrequirements.

BidSubmissionOB-EVIpreparesadetailednextdaybidusingplannedvehicleavailabilityinformationandsubmitstoutilitysystemoperator.

AwardSignalUtilitysystemoperatorrespondstosubmittedbidwithawardsignal.

PerformanceReportingOB-EVIincludesadashboardanddetailedreportsthatprovidesystemstatus,V2Gparticipationandfinancialperformanceinformation.

ChargeManagementOB-EVIdevelopsanoptimalchargescheduletoensuremissionreadinessandmaximizefinancialbenefitofV2Gparticipation.OB-EVIcontrolsEVSEcharge/dischargeaccordingtoschedule.

ChargeVehicleBattery DischargeVehicleBatteryManagingfleets&participationinthe

ancillaryservicesmarket4

PowerSentfromBatterytoGrid

OnBase-ElectricVehicle

Infrastructure(OB-EVI)


On Base-Electric Vehicle Infrastructure (OB-EVI) The software that enables V2G integration

EnergyMarketInterfaceModule

ISO/RTO

Dashboard

GridSchedulingModule

EVFleetManagementSystem

ChargeControlModule

EnergyOptimizer

Real-TimeControl

OCPP

SEP2.0

FMdb

Energy Market Interface Module•SupportingCAISO,PJM,ERCOT

•Bid-AwardinAncillaryServicesEnergyMarket

•DemandResponseMarkettoFrequencyRegulationMarketSupport

Charge Control Module•Calculateoptimalcharginganddischargingtrajectoriesforbothoperationalrequirementsandmarketparticipation

•Managetheaggregatedstateofchargeacrosstheentirefleet(VirtualBattery)

•ControlstheEVChargingStation(EVSE)throughindustrystandardprotocols

EV Fleet Management System•Supportforbasevehiclefleet•Vehiclemanagementtoaccomplishoperationalmission

•Assignsavailablevehiclestoenergymarketparticipation

Dashboard•Tracksrevenuegenerationintheenergymarkets

•Managementtoolforsystemmonitoringandcontrol

•Detailedviewsofvehicleusage,energytradinghistory,forthcomingschedules,audits,alerts,anddispatches

Grid Scheduling Module•Dayaheadandreal-timebiddingintoenergymarkets

•Continuousmonitoringandre-optimizationbasedonactualvehiclestatus

•ComplieswithFERC-ISOrulesineachenergymarket

160140120100806040200

-20-40

08000807081508220830083708450852

SetPointMeterNet(hour)

%difference:

sustainablepower(min):

ISODispatchGraph

Energy

Εia ai kTime

Φik

t1 di

Ei

biBoundariesTrajectoryTrajectory

+

_


Who are the Public-Private Consortium members deploying V2G technology?

V2G integration is complex and technically challenging. Success is a reflection of collaborative communication by all parties to develop solutions and overcome obstacles.

Consortium PEV-V2G Achievements

– Acceleratingthenation’sadoptionofelectricvehicles

– Advancingthestateofelectricvehiclesandchargingstations

– Advancingthestateofengineeringandsoftwareapplications

– Providinginstallationswithameanstolowerenergyandfleetvehiclecosts

– Providingutilityoperatorswithanalternativeenergysolutionforelectricdistributionsystemstability

– Promotingenergysuretyacrossthenation

Department of Defense Organizations– AirForceCivilEngineerCenter(AFCEC)– AirForceResearchLaboratory–AdvancedPowerTechnologiesOffice(AFRL-APTO)

– AirForceVehicleandEquipmentManagementSupportOffice(VEMSO)

– ArmyEngineerResearchandDevelopmentCenter-ConstructionEngineeringResearchLaboratory(ERDC-CERL)

– ArmyTankAutomotiveResearch,Development,andEngineeringCenter(TARDEC)

– FortCarson(SPIDERS)– FortHood– GeneralServicesAdministration(GSA)– JointBaseAndrews– JointBaseMcGuire-Dix-Lakehurst(JBMDL)– LosAngelesAirForceBase(LAAFB)– OfficeoftheSecretaryofDefense(OSD)– SecretaryoftheAirForceInstallations,Environment,andLogistics(SAFI/E)

– SecretaryoftheArmyInstallations,Energy&Environment(ASA[IE&E])

State Government and National Laboratories– CaliforniaEnergyCommission(CEC)– LawrenceBerkeleyNationalLaboratory(LBNL)– MassachusettsInstituteofTechnologyLincolnLaboratory(MITLL)

Private Industry– ACDD– Akuacom,Inc.– BelFuseInc.– CleanWaveTechnologies,Inc– ConcurrentTechnologiesCorporation(CTC)– CoritechServices,Inc.– EatonCorporation– ElectricVehicleAdd-OnSystems,Inc(EVAOS)– ElectricVehiclesInternationalLLC(EVI)– Electricore,Inc.– Ford®MotorCompany– Kisensum,Inc.– Nissan®MotorCorporation– PhoenixMotorcars,LLC– PrincetonPowerSystems,Inc.(PPS)– VIAMotorsInc.

Energy Providers and Regulators– CaliforniaIndependentSystemOperator(CAISO)– CaliforniaPublicUtilitiesCommission(CPUC)– ElectricReliabilityCouncilofTexas(ERCOT)– OncorElectricDeliveryCompany(Oncor)– Pepco– PJMInterconnectionLLC(PJM)– SouthernCaliforniaEdison(SCE)– ViridityEnergyInc


Frequencyregulationisacontinuousadjustmentofpowergenerationorelectricaldemandtomaintainthegridfrequencyatornearthenominal60hertzstandard.

AggregateDailyLoadCurve

PeakPowerShaving

Generationattimesofhighpowerdemand

MaybeusedforV2G

FrequencyRegulationUsedtoregulatefrequencyandvoltageofthegridbymatchinginstantaneousgenerationsupplytoloaddemand

BestmatchforV2G

SpinningReservesExtragenerationavailabletoserveloadincaseofunplannedevent

GoodmatchforV2G

Power(MW)

TimeofDay

What benefits will the DoD obtain from future large-scale V2G implementation?

Cuts Installation Electricity Costs–Earnsenergyrevenuetooffsetinstallationutilityexpenses

–Increasespenetrationofenergystoragesystems

–Encouragesuseoflowercost,off-peakelectricity

Increases Resiliency & Reliability–Overcomesnaturaldisastersandintentionalthreatswithon-sitepowersupport

–Servesasbackuppowertomissioncriticalfacilitiesduringoutages

Aids Energy System Stabilization–Reducesfailureanddegradationofsystem’selectricaldeviceswithbi-directionalpowerflow

–Increasespowerdistributionefficiencywithon-demandreservesupplies

–Supportsancillaryservicesmarketthatprovidesgridoperatorswithreal-timeadjustmentcapabilities

–Cutselectricalgenerationoperationalcosts

Provides a Positive Environmental Impact–Promotesuseofrenewableenergy–Supportsthenationalgoalofreducingfossilfuelandenergyconsumption

–Reducesdependenceonforeignenergysources

–Reducesgreenhousegasemissions

what is plug-in electric vehicle – vehicle to grid (pev-v2g)?€¦ · • joint base (jb)...

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