what makes nanoscience so different? nanoscience what is it?

What Makes Nanoscience so Different?

NanoscienceWhat Is It?

What Makes Nanoscience so Different?© McREL 2009 2

What units would be appropriate to measure the radii of atoms?

Predict how many atoms you think a medium-sized nanoscale particle might contain.

Nanoscience


5nm

How many atoms with a radius of 5 x 10-2 nanometers:

•Would fit on one 5 nm edge of this nanoparticle?•Would this nanoparticle contain?

2 nm

1 nm

Nanoscience


10-70,000 atoms

1 to 100 nm

Nanoscience


C(s)1 atom of Carbon

CO2(g) 1 molecule ofCarbon dioxide

→ yields

+ O2(g)Plus 1 molecule of Oxygen

Read this equation

Nanoscience


Type of Sample

Characteristic Atomic/Molecule Samples

NanoparticleSamples

Macro-sized Samples

Number of atoms/

molecular unitsin sample

1 10 -70,000 > 1 x 105

to multiples of moles

6.02 x 1023

Comparing Types of Samples

Nanoscience


CO2(g)1 mole ofCarbon dioxidemolecules

→ yields

+ O2(g) plus 1 mole ofOxygen molecules

C(s)1 mole of Carbon atoms

Read this equation

Nanoscience


Type of Sample

Characteristic Atoms/Molecules

NanoparticleSamples

Macro-sized Samples

Number of atoms/

molecular unitsin sample

1 10 -70,000 > 1 x 105


6.02 x 1023

What makes it different?

Nanoscience


Did we work with any nanosized samples?

Nanoscience

Fewer than 70,000 atoms per particle?



Nanoparticles Macro-Sized Samples

Number of atoms/

molecular units

in sample

1 10 -70,000 > 1 x 105


6.02 x 1023

Size of particlesin sample

3.5 x 10-2 to

2.6 x 10-1 nanometers/

atomic radius to 0.2–2 nm / molecule

1 to ≈ 100nanometers

>100 nm - ∞ nm

Type of Sample

Nanoscience


Type of Samples


Nanoparticles Macro-sized Samples

Number ofatoms/

molecularunits

in sample

1 10 -70,000(except for

discrete structures)

> 1 x 105

to multiples of moles6.02 x 1023

Size ofparticles

in Sample

3.5 x 10-2 to 2.6 x 10-1

nanometers/atomic radius to

0.2-2 nm / molecule


>100 nm - ∞ nm

Regime QuantumChemistry

Classical Lawsof Physics (Newtonian)

Nanoscience


Quantum ChemistryElectrons

Classical PhysicsSatellites

Motion and Position Descriptions

Nanoscience


Quantum ChemistryElectrons

Classical PhysicsSatellites

• Electrons do not “orbit” the nucleus. We use quantum chemistry to describe probability regions for finding an electron in an atom because it is not possible to simultaneously calculate both the position of the electron and its velocity.

• Electrons have “dual personalities,” they have both matter and wave characteristics.

• Electrons are in constant motion and in specific (quantum) energy states. They remain there unless affected by an external energy source.

• Satellites move in orbits around the Earth. We can determine precisely the orbit of a satellite and the velocity of that satellite.

• Satellites are matter.

• The motion of satellites follows the laws of classical physics. A satellite requires a force to put it in orbit and will fall back to Earth unless there is a periodic boost to counteract the Earth’s gravity.

Nanoscience



Nanoparticles Macro-sized Samples

Number ofatoms/

molecularunits

in sample

1 10 -70,000(except fordiscrete

structures)

> 1 x 105


6.02 x 1023

Size ofparticles

in sample

3.5 x 10-2 to

2.6 x 10-1 nanometers/

atomic radius to 0.2-2 nm / molecule


>100 nm - ∞ nm


??? Classical Lawsof Physics

Type of Sample

Nanoscience


Characteristic Atoms/Molecules Nanoparticles Macro-sized Samples

Number ofatoms/

molecularunits

in sample

1 10 -70,000(except for

discrete structures)

> 1 x 105


6.02 x 1023

Size ofparticles

in sample

3.5 x 10-2 to 2.6 x 10-1

nanometers/atomic radius to

??? / molecule


>100 nm - ∞ nm


New or refined model?

Classical Lawsof Physics

(Newtonian)

Type of Sample

Nanoscience


sometimesare not sure

WHAT they are!

Nanoscience


1. Compare nanoparticles to atoms/ molecules and macrosamples (Number of Units/Sample, Size, Regime).

2. What types of instruments do you think are needed to investigate nanoparticles?

Making Connections


Lesson 1.2 What Makes Nanoscience so Different?

What makes Nanoscience so different?Compare Newtonian and Quantum Chemistry Regimes as they relate to nanoscale science

Lesson 1.3 What Makes Nanoscience so Important?

Lesson 3.1Carbon Chemistry

Lesson 1.1 What is Nanoscience?

What is Nanoscience? Examine and Compare size: macro, micro, sub-micro (nano)SI prefixes

Lesson 2.2 Extendable Solids: Reactivity, Catalysis, Adsorption

Lesson 2.3Extendable Structures: Melting Point, Color Conductivity

Lesson 3.2Fullerenes and Nanotubes

Lesson 2.1 Extendable Solids

Poster Assessment

Module Flow Chart

what makes nanoscience so different? nanoscience what is it?

Documents