what matters to americans: social, economic and political values

What Matters to Americans: Social, Economic and Political Values

The Anatomy of Civil Societies Research Project Team

What Matters to Americans

The Anatomy of Civil Societies Research Project

Investors

Workers

Boards/TMT


Consumer Social

Responsibility

Individual Social

Responsibility

© Anatomy of Civil Societies Research Project





Consumer Social

Responsibility

Individual Social

Responsibility

T. Devinney & P. Auger

G. Dowling, C. Eckert, R. Belk, G. Eckhardt, P. Burke, J.

Louviere

M. Ulrych, V. Laoledchai

R. Belk, C. Eckert, J. Schwalbach, H.

Sattler

R. DeSailly, M. Ulrych, G. Murphy, V. Laoledchai,

A. Early, C. Erfgen


Project Overview

Multiple societies Australia, USA, UK, Germany Czech Republic, Argentina, Hong Kong, India

Pictures of complete representative populations Comparable socio-demographic, political, personality and

religious measures (focus on actions) within and across societies Investigation of interactions with Civil Society Organizations

(CSOs) Multiple measures of economic, social and political issue

salience by: Category (16 in total) Single issues (113 in total)That account for: Realistic trade-offs rather than costless characterizations



Project Overview

Continuing investigations of CSO supporters Work with specific CSOs at the “micro” level

WWF, Greenpeace, Amnesty International and Médecins Sans Frontières Matching samples of supporters on

Social, economic and political profiles Personality and demographics

Utilizing multiple methods of investigation Social preference profiling Personality measurement Ethnographies Economic & behavioral experimentation

All aimed at providing a comprehensive “anatomy” of CSO supporters within the contexts of

the societies in which they exist



Some Background Information© Anatomy of Civil Societies Research

Project


Social, Economic & Political Preferences

Population study Sample:

2,807 (2011) Representative of the

voting age population Geographically

representative


Gender (Male) 44%Age (Mean) 45.64 YrsIncome (Household) $53,398Home Mortgage or Owned 54.97%Single 25.26%Married or Widowed 49.70%Children (Number) 1.2US Citizen 98.00%


State/Region Representation


19.2

9.4

24.0

12.9

6.6

8.9

8.27.3

0.6

0.6

10.5


Politics and Life Satisfaction

Politics Life Satisfaction


Republican

Democrat

Libertarian

Tea Party

Independent or Unaligned

0% 20% 40% 60% 80%

10%

16%

2%

2%

70%

Health

Job

Home life

Political Situation

Overall

0.00 1.00 2.00 3.00


Religion

Religious Beliefs Religion & Happiness


Do Not Believe

Fairly Unsure

Neither Sure or Unsure

Fairly Sure

Absolutely Certain

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60%

UK

Australians

Germans

Americans

Absolutely certain

Fairly sure

Not quite sure

Not sure at all

Do not believe

1.5 1.75 2 2.25 2.5


Religious Beliefs & Political Importance of Religion


Do Not Believe Fairly Unsure Neither Sure or Unsure

Fairly Sure Absolutely Certain0%

10%

20%

30%

40%

50%

60%

70%

USA

Australia

UK

Germany


Donating and Volunteering Behavior

Donating Volunteering


Voting Rights Groups

Civil Rights Organisations

Human Rights Groups

Intl Poverty Relief Organisations

Disabilities & Aged Care Organisations

Family Planning Groups

General Philanthropy (Not covered elsewhere)

Museums and Arts Organisations

Children's Welfare Organisations (Non-Medical)

Intl Medical Relief Organisations

Political Parties

Environmental Groups

Homeless Shelters/Poverty Relief (Local)

Educational Institutions

Animal Welfare Organisations

Children's Health Care Organisations

Health/Medical Institutes

Religious Organisations

Place of Worship

-5% 0% 5% 10

%15

%20

%25

%30

%


Intl Poverty Relief organizations

Civil Rights organizations


Disabilities & Aged Care organizations

Human Rights Groups


Intl Medical Relief organizations

Museums and Arts organizations

Children's Welfare organizations (Non-Medical)

Children's Health Care organizations


Political Parties



Animal Welfare organizations

Religious organizations


Place of Worship

0% 4% 8% 12%

16%


Donating Activity

Average Annual Donation Donating & Religion


Do Not Believe at All

Fairly Unsure

Neither Sure or Unsure

Fairly Sure

Absolutely Certain

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Donating

Donating to Religiously Affil-iated Organizations

Donating to Non-Religious Organizations

Belie

f in

a Hi

gher

Pow

er

Civil Rights organizations



Disabilities & Aged Care organizations

Human Rights Groups

Intl Poverty Relief organizations


Intl Medical Relief organizations

Political Parties

Museums and Arts organizations


Children's Welfare organizations (Non-Medical)


Children's Health Care organizations

Animal Welfare organizations



Religious organizations

Place of Worship

$0 $50 $100 $150 $200 $250


Amount Donated (Given Donating to that Cause)


Place of Worship

Religious Organisations

Museums and Arts Organisations


Children's Welfare Organisations (Non-Medical)




Animal Welfare Organisations

Intl Poverty Relief Organisations


Homeless Shelters/Povery Relief (Local)

Political Parties

Intl Medical Relief Organisations


Children's Health Care Organisations

Human Rights Groups

Disabilities & Aged Care Organisations

Civil Rights Organisations

$0 $100 $200 $300 $400 $500 $600 $700 $800


Level of Donation and Religiosity

Do Not Believe at All

Fairly Unsure Neither Sure or Unsure

Fairly Sure Absolutely Certain$0

$100

$200

$300

$400

$500

$600

$700

Amount Donated

Amount Donated to Religiously Affiliated Organizations

Amount Donated to Non-Religious Organizations


What Matters to Americans © Anatomy of Civil Societies Research Project

Looking at Issue Categories


Social Preference Profiles (Categories)

General Categories Selected Sub-Issues Food and health Water and sanitation, GM foods, obesity, abortion

Local crime and public safety Safety, child pornography, violent crime, corruption

Rights to basic services Healthcare, food, education, benefits of last resort

Civil and personal liberties Rights: legal, to vote, marital, free speech etc.

Equality of opportunities Discrimination based on age, gender etc.

Individual economic well-being Inflation, taxation, interest rates, cost of living

Worker/employment rights Work safety, unions, retirement, child labour

Environmental sustainability Pollution, climate change, biodiversity loss

Societal economic well-being Poverty, employment, energy prices, growth, deficit

Global security Terrorism, nuclear weapons, criminal syndicates

Societal social well-being Quality of schooling, public transport, immigration

Global economic well-being Resources management, trade, global finance issues

Animal welfare Treatment of individual animals and species' survival

Global social well-being Peace, diseases, poverty

Minority rights Rights including cultural preservation and expression

Commercial rights Commerce and ownership such as IP rights© Anatomy of Civil Societies Research

Project


General Social Preference (Category)


Civil and personal liberties

Food and health

Individual economic well-being

Local crime and public safety

Equality of opportunities

Worker/employment rights

Rights to basic services

Societal economic well-being

Environmental sustainability

Global security

Global economic well-being

Societal social well-being

Animal welfare

Minority rights

Global social well-being

Commercial rights

0% 10% 20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%


International Category Comparisons

USA Germany


Commercial rights


Minority rights

Animal welfare



Global security






Local crime & public safety


Food & health

Civil & personal liberties

20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%


Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%



USA UK



Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Commercial rights


Minority rights

Animal welfare



Global security








Food & health


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%



USA Australia



Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Commercial rights


Minority rights

Animal welfare



Global security








Food & health


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%


Adjusted International Differences


Animal WelfareCivil and Personal Liberties

Commercial RightsEnvironmental Sustainability

Equality of OpportunitiesFood & Health

Global Economic Well-BeingGlobal Security

Global Social Well-BeingIndividual Economic Well-Being

Local Crime & Public SafetyMinority Rights

Rights to Basic ServicesSocietal Economic Well-Being

Societal Social Well-BeingWorker/Employment Rights

-15% -10% -5% 0% 5% 10% 15%

UK

Germany

Australia


Some Salient Demographic Differences

Gender Age (Correlation)








Animal welfare


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Male

Female


Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

-0.20-0.15-0.10-0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15 0.20


Some Salient Demographic Differences

Education Income (Correlation)








Animal welfare


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

University Grad-uateHigh School or Less


Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

-0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15


Some Salient Socio-Demographic Differences

Religiosity Happiness



Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

-0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15


Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

-0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15


Political Orientation

Republican v Democrat Libertarian v Tea Party








Animal welfare


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Democrat

Republican







Animal welfare


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70% 80%

Republican/Tea Party

Libertarian


Political Orientation

Republican v Independents

Democrat v Independent








Animal welfare


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Independent

Republican







Animal welfare


20% 30% 40% 50% 60% 70%

Independent

Democrat


Altruism, Donating & Volunteering

Machiavellianism Donating & Volunteering



Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

-0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15


Food and health








Global security



Animal welfare

Minority rights


Commercial rights

-0.15 -0.10 -0.05 0.00 0.05 0.10 0.15

Volunteers

Donates


Some Micro Issues



Looking at the Micro Issues

Individuals also were rotated through mixtures of 113 different social issues. This was done within categories and then between categories. This gives us two sets of measures for each person, allowing us to calibrate the validity of the measures



Internationally



The Least Salient Issues



Internationally



Some Conclusions & Discussion



What Do We Conclude (About Americans)

Proximity matters Individuals focus more intently on issues that are materially

closer to what influences their lives Attempts at “demographic” characterizations are fraught

with problems Except potentially at the extremes

However, looking at more revealing “socio-political” factors reveals insights Religiosity: Individuals with strong religious beliefs reveal

different preference patterns Political Orientation: Individuals with extreme political

views reveal different preference patterns When it comes to CSO involvement the traditional

stereotypes are unlikely to hold much validity© Anatomy of Civil Societies Research

Project


What Do We Conclude (More Globally)

The overall patterns seen in American are mirrored elsewhere The major difference is related to religion/politics

Religiosity: Individuals with strong religious beliefs reveal different preference patterns (and there are more of these in America)

Political Orientation: Individuals with extreme political views reveal different preference patterns (and there are less of these in America)

Americans are less environmentally concerned and more likely to reveal a more individualistic and materialistic position relative to Australians, citizens of the UK, and Germans



How Might You Use What We are Doing?

Can you work with what people believe? If NO

Can you live with a niche of ‘believers’? Can you change everyone’s preferences? Or at least enough

of them? If YES

Understand the issues against which you are ‘competing’ Understand what issues can be reframed

Is there something fundamentally ‘incorrect’ in what people believe? What are the mechanisms to ‘correct’ the error in belief?



Thank You

A Break & Then a Discussion


what matters to americans: social, economic and political values

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