Provost – Librarian Provost – Librarian CollaborationsCollaborations

John VaughnExecutive Vice President

Association of American Universities

AAU Organization and OperationAAU Organization and Operation

• Founded in 1900 by 14 universities that offered the PhD

• Initial purpose: improve, standardize PhD education

• Current Membership: 60 US, 2 Canadian universities – 36 public, 26 private

• 58% of all federal research funds to colleges and universities

• 15% of bachelor’s degrees, 45% of research doctorate degrees, 65% of postdoctoral positions

• 75% of members of the National Academy of Sciences

• From 2007-2011: − 1.13 million publications, 67% of US total, 19% of world total− 10.6 million citations, 89% of US total, 35% of world total

AAU Universities’ Impact on Research and EducationAAU Universities’ Impact on Research and Education

2009-2010 -- Scholarly Publishing Roundtable2009-2010 -- Scholarly Publishing Roundtable• Created by Chairman of the Science and Technology

Committee of US House of Representatives in June 2009

• Charge: develop consensus policies for expanding public access to journal articles arising from federally funded research

• Congressional Committee convened a diverse set of participants from key stakeholder groups: librarians, publishers, university administrators

Academic Administrators

Librarians Publishers

David Campbell (Boston)

Paul Courant (Michigan)

Y.S. Chi (Elsevier)

Richard McCarty (Vanderbilt)

Ann Okerson (Yale)

Fred Dylla(AIP)

Jim O’Donnell (Georgetown)

Scott Plutchak (Alabama)

Mark Patterson (PLoS)

John Vaughn (AAU, Chair)

Crispin Taylor (ASPB)

Researchers: Phil Davis (Cornell), Don King (UNC) and Carol Tenopir (Tennessee)

Core Recommendation of ReportCore Recommendation of Report

Each federal research funding agency shouldexpeditiously but carefully develop and implementan explicit public access policy that brings aboutfree public access to the results of the research thatit funds as soon as possible after those results havebeen published in a peer-reviewed journal.

OSTP Public Access DirectiveOSTP Public Access Directive• Federal agencies with annual R&D funding of

$100 million or more provide the public with ability to freely access, search, retrieve, and analyze peer-reviewed publications and data resulting from federally funded research

• Research manuscripts made available using 12 month post-publication embargo period as a guide

OSTP Public Access DirectiveOSTP Public Access Directive

• In devising its final plan, each agency should use a transparent process for soliciting views from stakeholders, and take such views into account

• Agencies submitted draft plans in August, OSTP and OMB now reviewing, will return plans with guidance to the agencies for development of final plans

Response to OSTP DirectiveResponse to OSTP Directive• SHARE (SHared Access to Research Ecosystem)

– Cross-institutional network of digital repositories

– Enable university researchers to submit research articles to federal agency-designated repositories using a single, common user interface

– Consistent with knowledge creation, dissemination, and preservation as a core mission of universities

Response to OSTP DirectiveResponse to OSTP Directive

• CHORUS (Clearinghouse for the Open Research of the United States)

– “A multi-agency, multi-publisher, portal and information bridge that identifies, provides access, enhances search capabilities and long-term preservation to journal articles resulting from agency funding”

SHARE and/or CHORUSSHARE and/or CHORUS• SHARE

– Early stages of development, but final network promises to make research articles, data and their associated metadata freely accessible for reuse, text mining, data mining and machine reading

• CHORUS– Basic structure and capacity in place, no cost to the

government and researcher submission compliance provided, but uncertainty about terms of use for post-embargo content

Legislative BattlesLegislative Battles• FASTR (Fair Access to Science and Technology Research

Act)– reduce embargo period to 6 months

• FIRST (Frontiers in Innovative Research, Science, and Technology – a successor to The America COMPETES (Creating Opportunities to Meaningfully Promote Excellence in Technology, Education, and Science) Act!)– increase embargo period to 2 years, with provisions to

extend 6 to 12 months more

AAU/ARL Task Force on Scholarly CommunicationAAU/ARL Task Force on Scholarly CommunicationAAU Provosts ARL Library Deans/Directors

Steve Goldstein Paul Courant Brandeis University University of Michigan

Mark Kamlet Barbara Dewey Carnegie Mellon University The Pennsylvania State University

Richard McCarty Lorraine Harricombe Vanderbilt University University of Kansas

George McLendon Tom Leonard Rice University University of California, Berkeley

Peter Salovey Carol Mandel Yale University New York University

Kim Wilcox Ann Wolpert Michigan State University Massachusetts Institute of Technology

AAU/ARL Task Force on Scholarly CommunicationAAU/ARL Task Force on Scholarly Communication

Focus on three areas: university presses, scholarly journals, institutional repositories

•Presses: books crowded out of library budgets by journals, reduced subsidies from host universities

– Consolidation of digital production

– University subsidization of first books, with open access to those books – greatly expanded dissemination of scholarship

AAU/ARL Task Force on Scholarly CommunicationAAU/ARL Task Force on Scholarly Communication

• Scholarly journals: university collaboration with society publishers

– University funding of author publishing charges (APCs) in hybrid journals as a transition to open access

– Avoid “double-dipping”: APCs reduce subscription prices

• Institutional repositories

– Increase intra-institutional submissions, increase inter-institutional interoperability

– Collaborate with research funding agencies on public access repositories → SHARE

What the Provost Seeks from What the Provost Seeks from the Librarianthe Librarian

• Innovation• Customer focus• Advice and counsel• Public presence

What the Librarian Seeks from What the Librarian Seeks from the Provostthe Provost

• Be a good listener• Value students as well as

faculty• Support innovation

ventures

Looking to the Future in Scholarly CommunicationLooking to the Future in Scholarly Communication

• Provosts and librarians as a team working with other administrators, faculty and students to advance institutional capacity

• Need for collective action within the academy

• Policies, practices -- including pricing – should reflect the public purposes and public financing of higher education research and education programs