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What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張張張 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy National Tsing Hua University

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Page 1: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars

Chang, Hsiang-Kuang (張祥光 )Department of Physics & Institute of AstronomyNational Tsing Hua University

Page 2: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Where are neutron stars ?

Neutron star models

What would a neutron star look like ?

Surface thermal emission from neutron stars

Current status: observations and modelling

Page 3: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

The proposal of neutron stars 1932 Landau 1934 Baade & Zwicky 1939 Oppenheimer & Volkoff

The discovery of radio pulsars 1967 Bell & Hewish

Other neutron star sources : X-ray pulsars, X-ray bursters Soft Gamma Repeaters (SGRs) Anomalous X-ray Pulsars (AXPs) radio-quiet isolated neutron stars

Where are neutron stars ?

Page 4: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Neutron star models

a model of neutron stars

Page 5: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

(Baym & Pethick, 1979, ARA&A 17, 415)

Neutron star models

huge uncertainty in neutron star models

Page 6: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

(Scientific American, Feb. 2003)

Neutron star models

the atmosphere of neutron stars

Page 7: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

?

What would a neutron star look like ?

Page 8: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 9: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 10: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 11: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 12: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 13: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Better observed in X-rays Physical properties at the surface of

neutron stars (B, g, T, C)

Earlier results Modelling the emergent spectra and

surface structure of neutron stars

Surface thermal emission from neutron stars

Page 14: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Some theoretical works

Current status: modelling and observations

(Ho & Lai 2001, MNRAS 327, 1081)

Page 15: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Some theoretical works

Current status: modelling and observations

log B = 13 (long-dashed)log B = 14 (solid)log B = 15 (short-dashed)

(Oezel 2001, ApJ 563, 276)

Page 16: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

The Vela pulsar’s Chandra spectrum

Current status: modelling and observations

(Pavlov et al. 2001, ApJ 552, L129)

Page 17: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

The case of 1E1207.4-5209

Current status: modelling and observations

PN (top) & MOS (bottom) spectra fitted with two blackbodies(kT = 0.211 keV, 0.40 keV)

(Bignami et al. 2003, Nature 423, 725)

Page 18: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

The case of 1E1207.4-5209

Current status: modelling and observations

PN spectra for different phases(Bignami et al. 2003, Nature 423, 725)

Page 19: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Modelling the observed spectra

Coming next…

Thank You!

Measuring the polarization

Are neutron stars really neutron stars?

Page 20: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 21: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 22: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 23: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Taylor, Manchester & Lyne1993, ApJS 88, 529

Page 24: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 25: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 26: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 27: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 28: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 29: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 30: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

The Hubble image of RX J1856.5-3754

Page 31: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 32: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy
Page 33: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Possenti et al. 1996, A&A 313, 565

Page 34: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Greiveldinger et al. 1996,ApJ 465, L35

Page 35: What would a neutron star look like? – surface thermal emission from neutron stars Chang, Hsiang-Kuang ( 張祥光 ) Department of Physics & Institute of Astronomy

Finley et al. 1992, ApJ 394, L21


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