whatis syngas? how is itproduced?
TRANSCRIPT
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Biotechnological valorization of biomass derived syngas
Dr. Manfred ZinnLife Technologies
HES‐SO Valais//[email protected]
What is syngas?
How is it produced?
John, HES‐SO biotechnology student
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Biomass
T > 700°Cev. steam & limited O2
O2
Syngas = synthesis gas = producer gas
http://theoldmotor.com/?tag=syngas‐wood‐generator
http://www.leafgenerator.com/the‐science/
Syngas used for fueling cars during WWII
Combustion reactions:C + ½ O2 → CO (‐111 MJ/kmol)CO + ½ O2 → CO2 (‐283 MJ/kmol)H2 + ½ O2 → H2O (‐242 MJ/kmol)
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http://timbuktuchronicles.blogspot.ch/2013/09/small‐scale‐gasification‐production.html
Syngas used to gain electricity
http://www.alibaba.com/product‐detail/Biomass‐generator‐500kw‐rice‐husk‐gasification_60328763570.html
Can you only burnsyngas and produce
electricity?
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http://www.osti.gov/scitech/servlets/purl/1039045
Syngas serves for many chemical products
Biotechnology involved in the SYNPOL project
www.synpol.org
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PHA
Photo: CIB, CSIC (Spain) Photo: CIB, CSIC (Spain)
Bioplastic produced by Rhodospirillum rubrum
Rhodospirillum rubrum produces 2 valuable products:
O H
O
HO
Poly(3‐hydroxy‐butyrate) (PHB)
Picture M. Zinn
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3 days
5 days
Agar plate
3 days
Aerobic cultivation
Anaerobiccultivation
Syngas & acetate
Growth of Rhodospirillum rubrum on syngas
Pictures S. Karmann
But I learned thatCO is toxic and H2
explosive!
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Syngas: A complex cocktail of gases
Syngas
CO2
CO
N2 & variables
H24‐77 vol% flammability 9.1‐76 vol% flammability
Quite toxic!
Too much is not good!
5. Alarm panels + sound warnings insideand outside the lab
2. Gases stored outside the lab and brought to the fume hoods with installed pipes equipped with electro valves
4. Detectors for H2 and CO automatically switching off the electro valves if triggered
1. Fume hoods and ventilation system
3. Emergency kill switch (switches-off electro valves)
Safety first!!!
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LabCIP for CIP & SIPof the Labfors 5 bioreactor
CIP & SIP for more safety and research speed
Bioprocess control and automation
Online analytics:
1) Off-gas analysis by mass spectrometry• Gas balance and RQ• Parameters for carbon balance (CO, CO2)
2) Redox probe• Determination of change from aerobic to
anaerobic growth conditions
3) Online flow cytometer• Cell number and growth kinetics• Quantification of PHA content
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Syngas fermentation with R. rubrum
Stephanie Karmann (unpublished data)
Isolation of PHB from bacterial cells
Freeze‐dried biomass
Solvent extraction and precipitation in MeOH
PHB
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O.K… but whatcan you do with PHB?
Zhang X, Luo R, Wang Z, Deng Y, Chen G‐Q. 2009. Application of (R)‐3‐Hydroxyalkanoate Methyl Esters Derived from Microbial Polyhydroxyalkanoates as Novel Biofuels. Biomacromolecules 10:707‐711.
Methanolysis
Applications of PHB