what´s a sperm? before… people used to think there was a tiny human inside each cell
TRANSCRIPT
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HUMAN REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEMS
MALE AND FEMALE
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WHAT´S A SPERM?Before…People used to think there was a tiny human inside each cell
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Contains Several Parts:-HeadChemical to dissolve egg gooDad’s genetic information (DNA)- MitochondriaEnergy- TailSwimming
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Produce fluid that nourishes sperm
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Secrets an alkaline fluid that counteracts the acids found in the male urethra and in the vagina of the female.
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Blood acumulates in the penis, causing it to become firm and erect.
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It´s the tube that carries urine during urination and semen during ejaculation.
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Sperm production begins in the testes at puberty and continues throughtout life.
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It´s a coiled tube attached to the surface of each testis.
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The vas deferens passes over the urinary bladder, connecting the epididymis to the urethra
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Secrets an alkaline fluid that becomes part of the semen.
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For fertilization to occur, sperm first must be transferred from a male to
female.The penis is the organ that makes it
possible for sperm to be delivered to the body of the female.
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MALE HORMONS
Testes produce the male hormone: testosterone.a male begins to make testosterone before birth, it causes
an embryo to develop a penis and scrotum.
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MALE HORMONS
At puberty testosterone levels rise, it causes the development of adult male
characteristics:beard, low voice and large muscles.
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SEMEN
CONTAINS300-500 MILLION SPERM
SPERM SURVIVES FOR A COUPLE OF DAYS INSIDE FEMALE’S BODY (HOSTILE ENVIRONMENT)
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FEMALE REPRODUCTIVE SYSTEM
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After fertilization, the embryo develops into a fetus inside the uterus.
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In the center of the cervix is a small openingthrough which sperm can enter the uterus.
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Ovaries are the site of egg production.
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Fertilization occurs in one of the fallopian tubes, the fertilized egg then travels into the uterus.
FALLOPIAN TUBES
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The vagina connects the uterus to the outside of the body
FALLOPIAN TUBES
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It is covered by a hood of skinthat is connected to the labia.
FALLOPIAN TUBES
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They are folds of skin.
FALLOPIAN TUBES
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Ovaries2 pouchesContain ovaBorn with all of her eggs (~ 400,000)Use up ~500Won’t run out!
OvulationOne egg released from ovary to oviduct (fallopian tube)
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AFTER OVULATION
Egg pushed along by ciliaFew days travel time to arrive in uterus
Cervix – Opening between uterus & vagina
Normally tinyAt birth – muscles pull open (dilation) cervix to
allow baby to pass through = Labor
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Menstrual Cycle
• Complex combination of 10-12 chemicals (hormones)
• Usually one egg once a month• All about timing!!!– Uterus must be ready when egg gets there in case
it was fertilized– If no fertilization, tear down lining of uterus and
rebuild for next month
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28-Day Cycle (average)
• Three Stages1. Tear Down2. Rebuild3. Extra nutrients/blood for potential baby
• No Baby?– Back to #1
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Day 1
• First menstrual blood & tissue• No baby = breaks down lining of uterus• 5-7 days of blood/tissue exits body
Pre-Ovulation
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~Day 14• Ovulation = Egg released• Temp spikes slightly• Most fertile in next few days!– Able to get pregnant
• Egg gets fertilized while traveling through oviduct.
Post-Ovulation
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If fertilized…
• Zygote begins to divide as it travels through oviduct
• Implants into lining of uterus
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If not fertilized…
• Egg travels through oviduct to uterus• Exits body with blood and tissues during
menstruation
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Anatomy
Male Female
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Similarities
• 2 pouches– Testicles– Ovaries
• Start out inside body– Testicles “descend” before birth
• Fetus begins with “starter parts” that could develop into either gender.
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Anatomy – similaritiesFunction – VERY different!
• Male– Uncomplicated– Produce sperm• 2-4 MILLION every
day
• Female– Very Complicated!– One egg– Once a month– Careful coordination
of hormones & body– Timing perfect!
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Watch this video!!https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=hguHF962z5U
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ACTIVITY
• What are the main parts of a sperm?, draw it and write its main parts.
• Are important the male hormons? Why?
• Explain what the menstrual cycle is about.