LARS STRONG, P.E.

What’s Next in Cooling? Capacity, Containment, & More

Agenda

The State of Computer Room Airflow Management Understanding Cooling Utilization and Bypass Airflow The Next Opportunity in Airflow Management:

AisleLok Modular Containment

The State of Airflow Management

2002 Uptime Institute Research

Bypass Airflow* 60%

Hot Spots 10%

Cooling Capacity 2.6x

2013 Upsite Technologies Research

Bypass Airflow* 48%

Hot Spots 20%

Cooling Capacity 3.9x

*More accurately, “Raised Floor Bypass Open Area” in today’s terminology.

The Research

  Raised floor

area (sq ft)

# of running cooling units

Raised floor

bypass open

area (%)

Hot spots (%

of cabinets

)

Cold spots (%

of cabinets) (Data from 6 sites)

Proper perforated tile

placement (%)

Cooling Capacity Factor (CCF)

Averages 7,527 8 48% 20% 35% 77% 3.9Minimum 720 2 13% 0% 0% 7% 1.2Maximum 37,00

040 93% 86% 86% 100% 32.0

Recommended

n/a n/a <10% 0% 0% 100% 1.2Conclusion: Inefficient cooling configuration / airflow management is the problem; capacity is not the problem.

But Why?

Cooling capacity is difficult to quantify It’s hard to justify initiatives, determine ROI Mixed messages in the market,

vendor influence No ‘one-size-fits-all’ solution People paying the electric bill

detached from the data center Organizational structure hinders cooling optimization

High Awareness, Low Implementation

• Open holes in the floor

• Blanking panels often missing

• Misplaced perforated tiles

• Gaps between racks

AFM Problems Are An Opportunity•Money

•OpEx Savings•CapEx Savings

•Capacity•Cooling Capacity•Room for IT Equipment

•IT Reliability

•Green Initiatives•CO2 Reduction

“…an average data center could reduce its operating expense by $32,000 annually, simply by improving airflow management.” - Upsite CCF White Paper

The Cooling Capacity Factor (CCF)

A metric Upsite Technologies developed to estimate the utilization of computer room cooling infrastructure.

CCF is a ratio of the total rated cooling capacity to heat load.

CCF: How It’s Calculated

Convert the total rated (stated) cooling capacity to kW, divide by 110% of the IT critical load (kW)

Total rated cooling capacity (210 tons x 3.52) = 739 kW

110% of the IT critical load = 259 kW

CCF = 2.8 (739/259)

Running cooling capacity is 280% of the load

Identify Your Opportunity

CCF

Tons x 3.517 = kWc

Cooling unit capacity Rated capacity at standard conditions (75 deg F, 45%Rh) Capacity goes up with increase in return temperature Capacity goes down with decrease in return temperature

So What’s Next?

The next Opportunity in AFM

Rack Top Baffles

Bi-Directional Doors

Features Benefits

Core benefits of traditional containment at a lower cost

• Lower initial cost and lower total cost of ownership (TCO) • Lower cost allows for wide implementation across multiple

rows or sections.

Easy InstallationCan be self-installed in minutes with minimal use of tools

•Minimal disruption in computer room because no custom construction required•Saves time and money

Off-the-Shelf AvailabilityShips directly off the shelf to end-user.

• Easy to order; no custom measuring required• Ready to install out-of-the-box• No 3rd party engineering, design, or installation required for

set-up

Reusable & ModularFlexible design can be either applied to hot or cold aisles

• Can be reconfigured quickly and easily.• Adapts to your data center as it evolves.

Fire Safety • UL94V flammability rated materials.• Suitable with gaseous fire suppression systems.• Compliance regional/local fire codes will vary greatly.

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling

Objective Evaluate various shapes and sizes of physical barriers

for airflow management effectiveness• IT equipment intake air temperature

Over-rack baffles were evaluated on air coming over the top of racks and impacting IT equipment intake air temperature

Geometries Considered

Arc Baffles

Rectangular Baffles

Straight Baffles

12, 15, 18”

10, 14, 18” 10, 14, 18”

0, 30, 60 and 90 degrees from horizontal

18”

Computational Fluid Dynamics Modeling

Max cabinet load 10 kW

Min cabinet load 6 kW

Total heat load 507 kW

Rated cooling capacity 640 kw

3,056 sq ft 9 ft ceiling

Average Maximum IT Inlet TemperatureBa

selin

e

12 A

rc/1

0 Re

ct/0

Baf

15 A

rc/1

4 Re

ct/3

0 Ba

f

18 A

rc/1

8 Re

ct/6

0 Ba

f

90 B

af

Full C

over

84

86

88

90

92

94

96

Arc BafflesRectangular BafflesStraight Baffles

Tem

p (F

)

Simplified CFD Layout Max cabinet load 10 kW (Red) Min cabinet load 6 kW (Blue) Total heat load 462 kW Rated cooling capacity 475 kw 9 ft ceiling

Maximum Rack Inlet Temperature

F10 G10 H10 I10 J10 K10 L10 M10 N10 O10 P10 Q10 R10 S10 T10 U10 V10 W10

X10 Y10 50.0

60.0

70.0

80.0

90.0

100.0

110.0

Rack Inlet Temperature - Top

Baseline

30 Deg Baf

30 Deg Baf 24 In Door

Rack Number

Tem

pera

ture

(Deg

F)

Baseline

Rack Top Baffles Only

Rack Top Baffles and Doors

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

EC

30 DC

24D

C110A C110B C110C C110D C110E C110F C110N C110P C110Q C110R C110S

60

64

68

72

76

80

84

88

81.4

73.8

76.6

73.8 72.871.3 70.5

68.8 69.367.2

68.967.1

74.7 74.2

78.977.4

80.278.6

80.578.8

88.6

77.5

Rack Inlet Temperature - Top

Rack Number

Te

mp

era

ture

De

g F

Existing ConditionsAfter installation of Air Flow Management Components

Avg temperature drop at top of all racks 3.1 degrees F Avg temperature drop top of end racks 9.4 degrees F

Site Data: Global Financial Company

Site Data: Global Financial Company

81.4

75.6

75 73.8

Top Top Top TopEC 24 D 30 DC 30 DC24D

C110A

70

72

74

76

78

80

82 81.4

75.675

73.8

Maximum Rack Inlet Temperature

Te

mp

era

ture

De

g F

Baseline – Existing Conditions

Aisle End Doors 30 Deg Overhead Baf-fles

30 Deg Overhead Baffles and Aisle End

Doors

Adjustable Rack Gap Panel

Extended

Retra

cted

• Attaches magnetically between two racks

• Adjusts to fill in open space between racks (10” up to 60”)

• Available in heights to fit 42U, 45U, and 47U racks

• Blocks exhaust air circulation

• Contains conditioned air

• Supports reduction of bypass airflow

Adjustable Rack Gap Panel

Stranded Capacity of low temperature set pointsLiebert DX Model VH267W 20-Ton Cooling Unit

Environmental Condition

Total(kW)

Latent(kW)

Sensible(kW)

72°F, 45% Rh 67.0 0 67.0

70°F, 48% Rh 64.5 4.8 59.7

Stranded 2.5 4.8 7.3

Stranded (%) 4% 11%

Stranded Capacity from low temperature set pointsLiebert Chilled Water Model 600C CRAH Unit

Cooling capacity increase from 7°F return air increase

Environmental Condition

Total(kW)

Latent(kW)

Sensible(kW)

72°F, 45% Rh 98.0 0 98.0

65°F, 45% Rh 70.0 0 70.0

Stranded 28.0 0 28.0

Stranded (%) 40% 40%

Opportunity for additional early adopters Official Roll-out in late June

Questions?Lars Strong, P.E.

Senior Engineer, Upsite Technologies

lstrong@upsite.com

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