Wheelock XXIV

Wheelock XXIVAblative AbsolutePassive PeriphrasticDative of AgentAblative AbsoluteLast chapter, we learned participles:Rmam vidents, vir gaudbant.Now, the ablative absoluteRm vs, vir gaudbant.(With) Rome having been seen, the men were rejoicing.Ablative AbsoluteWhy is it called an ablative absolute?Ablative?Absolute?Translating: hs rbus audts...(With) these things having been heard...*When/Since/After/etc. these things had been heard...Absolute: participle does not modify the subject of the main clause (as in other example); self-contained (noun cannot be subject or object of main clause)Ablative AbsoluteSometimes, the ablative absolute contains other words: E imperium tenente, ventum time.With him holding the power, I fear the outcome.

Sometimes, the participial form of sum is deleted, leaving just a noun-noun or noun-adjective combo.- Caesare duce, nihil timbimus.- Caesare incert, bellum timbmus.Notice that commas help!Passive PeriphrasticName:- Passive because it uses the passive voice (in fact, it uses the gerundive)- Periphrastic because it's more than one wordGERUNDIVE + SUM

Note: gerundive agrees with the subject (of sum) in gender, number, and casePassive PeriphrasticA passive periphrastic conveys the idea of necessary and obligatory action. Hence, id faciendum est is not merely this is about to be done but rather this must be doneTranslating:Puella amanda est. = The girl is to be loved.= The girl must be loved.*= The girl has to be loved.*Puella amanda erat.= The girl had to be loved.Dative of AgentInstead of ablative of agent, the dative of agent is used with the passive periphrastic construction.

Literal translations would be super awkward... like more awkward than saying good-bye to someone and then walking the same way. Therefore, translate like it's ablative even though it's dative.Hic liber mihi legendus est.This book must be read by me.PracticeExplain the term "absolute."What participle is used in a passive periphrastic? What two-letter combination can be used to identify it?What does the passive periphrastic indicate?Urbe capt, Caesar gents dlvit.Illa fmina omnibus laudanda est.Px ducibus nostrs petenda erat.Translate. Identify constructions.Carthg dlenda est.Asi vict, dux Rmnus flx mults servs in Italiam msit.Quidquid dcendum est, lber dcam. lber = adverbHaec omnia vulnera tibi nunc snanda sunt.- snre = to heal5. Nec tumultum nec mortem violentam timb, August terrs tenente.6. Tarquini expuls, nmen rgis audre nn poterat populus Rmnus.S.A.D CupiditteHom stultus, " cvs, cvs," inquit, "pecnia ante omnia quarenda est; virts et probits post pecniam."

Pecniae autem cupidits fugienda est.

Fugienda etiam est cupits glriae; ripit enim lbertatem.Cael receptus propter virttem, Herculs mults des saltvit; sed Plt veniente, qu Fortnae est flius, vertit oculs.Tum, caus quaest, "d," inquit, "illum, quod mals amcus est atque omnia corrumpit lucr caus."

saltre, to greet---Plutus, -, god of wealthcorrump, -ere, to corrupt---lucrum, -, gain/profitThe SatiristChapter XXIV Vocabulary QuizAB1. imperium, -i5. excipio, excipere2. servus, -6. accipio, accipere3. fabula, -ae7. quaero, quaerere4. recipio, recipere8. solacium, -i9. Someone invulnerable is not able to be ________.10. If you were to deride J-Biebs, you would _______ down at him.Chapter XXIV Grammar QuizTranslate and identify the underlined construction.Puella amanda est. Rom vis, vir gaudbant. Caesar, urbe capt, gents dlvit. Px ducibus nostrs petenda erat. Carthg dlenda est. Quidquid dcendum est, lber dcam. Pecniae autem cupidits fugienda est. Imperi accept, dux patriam recpit.