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“Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

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Page 1: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

“Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old

warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.”

Charles Darwin

Page 2: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Problems from Last Week

Make sure that you know the terms for the anatomy of the groups we are

studying.

Page 3: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Entomology LabWeek 3

1)Entognatha1)Protura2)Diplura3)Collembola

2)Ectognatha - Insects1)Ametabola:

1)Archeognatha2)Zygentoma

2)Palaeoptera1)Emphemeroptera2)Odonata

Page 4: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Proturan Mouthparts

Page 5: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Phylogeny Orders for Today

Hexapoda

Ectognatha

Entognatha

Insecta

Diplura

Protura

Collembola

Thysanura

Archeognatha

Zygentoma

Ephemeroptera

Odonata

Neoptera - “new wing” vast majority of insects

Palaeoptera

Page 6: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - Diplura

- Compound eyes absent

- Antennae longer than head, with 10 or more bead-like segments

- Abdomen with 10 visible segments

- Cerci present

Page 7: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - Protura

- Antennae absent

- Compound eyes absent

- Head conical, all mouthparts enclosed within the head capsule

- Front legs directed forward(probably sensory in function)

- Cerci and abdominal filaments entirely absent

Page 8: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - Collembola

Furcula

collophore

4-6 segment antenna

Compound eye

Page 9: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Collembola* Compound eyes absent or reduced to a cluster of not more than 8 ommatidia

* Antennae 4- to 6-segmented

* Abdomen 6-segmented

* Ventral tube (collophore) present on first abdominal segment

* Furcula (springtail) attached ventrally to fourth abdominal segment

* Body frequently clothed with scales

Page 10: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Class Insecta

What are the synapomorphies shared by all insect groups?

Page 11: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Traits unique to insects

* lack of musculature beyond the first segment of antenna.* Johnston's organ in pedicel (second segment) of antenna. This

organ is a collection of sensory cells that detect movement of the flagellum.

* a transverse bar forming the posterior tentorium inside the head* tarsi subsegmented* females with ovipositor formed by gonapophyses from segments

8 and 9* annulated, terminal filament extending out from end of segment

11 of abdomen (subsequently lost in most groups of insects)

Page 12: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Traits typical of most insects

Wings

Compound Eyes and Ocelli

Exposed mouthparts

Well developed thorax

Metamorphosis

Leg with six segments

Antenna

Page 13: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - ArchaeognathaBristletails

* Body cylindrical in shape and tapered posteriorly * Thorax somewhat arched dorsally

* Compound eyes large, often touching; ocelli usually present * Antennae long, thread-like, and multisegmented

* Tarsi 3-segmented * Abdomen with ten complete segments

* Eleventh abdominal segment elongated to form a median caudal filament

* Cerci present, shorter than median caudal filament * Short, lateral styli (rudimentary appendages) present on

abdominal segments 2-9

Page 14: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - ZygentomaSilverfish

* Body relatively flat, tapered and often covered with scales* Compound eyes small or absent* Antennae long, thread-like, and multisegmented* Abdomen with ten complete segments* Eleventh abdominal segment elongated to form a median caudal filament* Cerci present, nearly as long as median caudal filament* Styliform appendages located on abdominal segments 7-9

Page 15: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - EphemeropteraMayflies

* Antennae short and bristle-like* Front legs long and often held out in front of body* Compound eyes large, usually covering most of the head* Wings: four membranous wings with many veins and crossveins front wings large, triangular hind wings smaller, fan-shaped* Abdomen slender, bearing two (or sometimes three) long terminal filaments*Vestigial mouthparts

Page 16: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin
Page 17: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Order - OdonataDragonflies and

Damselflies

* Antennae short and bristle-like * Compound eyes large, often covering most of the head * Four membraneous wings with many veins and crossveins * One distinctively pigmented cell (stigma) on leading edge of wing * Abdomen: long and slender

Page 18: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin
Page 19: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Odonata WingNodus

Pterostigma

Page 20: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Costa (C) - the leading edge of the wing

Subcosta (Sc) - second longitudinal vein (behind the costa), typically unbranched

Radius (R) - third longitudinal vein, one branch reaches the wing margin

Media (M) - fourth longitudinal vein, one to four branches reach the wing margin

Cubitus (Cu) - fifth longitudinal vein, one to three branches reach the wing margin

Anal veins (A1, A2, A3) - unbranched veins behind the cubitus

Names of crossveins are based on their position relative to longitudinal veins:c-sc crossveins run between the costa and subcostar crossveins run between adjacent branches of the radiusr-m crossveins run between the radius and mediam-cu crossveins run between the media and cubitus

Page 21: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

TodayKey Odonata to Family

View Collembola under the microscope

Page 22: “Whenever I hear of the capture of rare beetles, I feel like an old warhorse at the sound of a trumpet.” Charles Darwin

Next Week

Orthopteroids and Dermapterans


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