where are all the gas stations? 2008 hurricane season lessons learned workshop louisiana’s...
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Where are all the Gas Where are all the Gas Stations?Stations?
2008 Hurricane Season Lessons Learned 2008 Hurricane Season Lessons Learned WorkshopWorkshop
Louisiana’s Geospatial Response to Louisiana’s Geospatial Response to Hurricanes Gustav and IkeHurricanes Gustav and Ike
January 29, 2009January 29, 2009State Library of LouisianaState Library of Louisiana
Hurricane GustavHurricane Gustav
Nearly Nearly 2 million2 million people evacuated people evacuated from south Louisiana in the days from south Louisiana in the days before Gustavbefore Gustav
3434 parishes were declared disaster parishes were declared disaster areas on September 2areas on September 2
4848 deaths in the state of Louisiana deaths in the state of Louisiana 1.5 million1.5 million people were without people were without
power in Louisiana on September 1power in Louisiana on September 1
Louisiana EOC needs Information on Louisiana EOC needs Information on the Availability of Fuel for the Publicthe Availability of Fuel for the Public
Citizens enter open gas stations addresses into La.gov Citizens enter open gas stations addresses into La.gov websitewebsite
La DNR is using internet to cold call gas stationsLa DNR is using internet to cold call gas stations Hampton Peele believes there is an official source for gas Hampton Peele believes there is an official source for gas
stationsstations LA DNR states LA Agriculture and Forestry’s Weights and LA DNR states LA Agriculture and Forestry’s Weights and
Measures have official list Measures have official list Weights and Measures have such list in their main building, Weights and Measures have such list in their main building,
but have no powerbut have no power Eventually list is obtainedEventually list is obtained Hampton Peele calls Josh Kent and asks who is the best Hampton Peele calls Josh Kent and asks who is the best
source to geocode gas stationssource to geocode gas stations LA DOTD is tasked to geocode ~ 3400 gas stations on LA DOTD is tasked to geocode ~ 3400 gas stations on
September 4 for a meeting on the 5September 4 for a meeting on the 5thth
What is Geocoding?What is Geocoding? Finding a geographic location for a given addressFinding a geographic location for a given address
Requires addresses in a standard format with two Requires addresses in a standard format with two fields:fields:
1. Number, Name, Type (123 | Main | St.)1. Number, Name, Type (123 | Main | St.)2. A 5–digit Zip Code2. A 5–digit Zip Code
Requires a street center line GIS database with Requires a street center line GIS database with specific geocoding fieldsspecific geocoding fields
Requires software that reads the addresses and Requires software that reads the addresses and associates them with the GIS dataassociates them with the GIS data
How does a How does a Address Locator Work?Address Locator Work?
1.1. Identify the street and zip code in the GIS Identify the street and zip code in the GIS databasedatabase
2.2. Identify the segment that contains the address Identify the segment that contains the address numbernumber
3.3. Determine on what side of the street the Determine on what side of the street the address number belongs (odd or even)address number belongs (odd or even)
4.4. Interpolate the numeric address along the lineInterpolate the numeric address along the line
5.5. Create a new point feature in a GIS databaseCreate a new point feature in a GIS database
Factors AffectingFactors AffectingGeocoding Accuracy Geocoding Accuracy
1.1. AddressesAddressesSpelling variance and errorsSpelling variance and errorsMultiple names (Florida Bl/ US 190)Multiple names (Florida Bl/ US 190)Zip code errorsZip code errorsNew Streets/ addressesNew Streets/ addresses
2.2. GIS DataGIS DataCurrency of databaseCurrency of databaseLocation of street center linesLocation of street center linesDoes database support multiple namesDoes database support multiple names
A Geocoding “Hit” A Geocoding “Hit” Does Does NotNot Mean a Correct Location! Mean a Correct Location!
Finding Unmatched AddressesFinding Unmatched Addresses
There were ~3400 gas stations and There were ~3400 gas stations and ~500 were unmatched (15%).~500 were unmatched (15%).
Reasons for Unmatched PointsReasons for Unmatched Points Wrong zip code Wrong zip code
Street name and zip code do not matchStreet name and zip code do not match Wrong Prefix/SuffixWrong Prefix/Suffix
Street instead of RoadStreet instead of Roadmissing N,S, W, E prefixmissing N,S, W, E prefixAbbreviation – boulevard: boul\blvdAbbreviation – boulevard: boul\blvd
Wrong town givenWrong town given Address is newAddress is new
911 readdressing911 readdressing Custom AddressesCustom Addresses HighwaysHighways
123 Highway 10 instead of 123 State Hwy 10123 Highway 10 instead of 123 State Hwy 10 Geocoding standards - use 123 Hwy 10Geocoding standards - use 123 Hwy 10
Other Geocoding SourcesOther Geocoding Sources
Louisiana Department of Social Louisiana Department of Social Services (DSS)Services (DSS)
ESRI * 2ESRI * 2 Statistical Analysis Software (SAS)Statistical Analysis Software (SAS)
All of these sources had the same All of these sources had the same approximate error rateapproximate error rate
Online Sources for Online Sources for Unmatched AddressesUnmatched Addresses
Google Google Search EngineSearch Engine
Google MapsGoogle Maps
Google Street ViewGoogle Street View
Other SourcesOther Sources
Virtual EarthVirtual Earth
YahooYahoo
These provide other options for finding targets These provide other options for finding targets
Search by name of businessSearch by name of business
Visual inspectionVisual inspection
Verify phone numbers Verify phone numbers
These These have the most up to date GIS datahave the most up to date GIS data
Phone Verifying Phone Verifying Unmatched AddressesUnmatched Addresses
Sometimes it works, but…Sometimes it works, but… ““I just work here.”I just work here.” ““Which way is North?”Which way is North?” ““It is next to Bubba’s Bar B Que.”It is next to Bubba’s Bar B Que.” Wrong phone number was entered. Wrong phone number was entered.
~ 50 % of calls were ~ 50 % of calls were successful in verifying a locationsuccessful in verifying a location
Other GIS data SourcesOther GIS data Sources
Homeland Security Infrastructure Program (HSIP)Homeland Security Infrastructure Program (HSIP)Freedom – general releaseFreedom – general release
Gold – reserved for declared Gold – reserved for declared emergencies for limited recipients emergencies for limited recipients
Parish DataParish Data
These sources were difficult to work with These sources were difficult to work with without prior knowledge of the data without prior knowledge of the data
organization and format.organization and format.
How do we make this work?How do we make this work? OwnershipOwnership
La Department of Ag and Forest needs to keep gas La Department of Ag and Forest needs to keep gas stations up to date and have a mechanism to stations up to date and have a mechanism to
distribute distribute themthem QA, QCQA, QC
A commitment to insure addresses and other A commitment to insure addresses and other data are data are complete, accurate, and up to date needs complete, accurate, and up to date needs to be to be sustainedsustained
GPSGPSGPS locations are accurate regardless of addresseesGPS locations are accurate regardless of addresseesProcedures need to be implemented to collect GPS Procedures need to be implemented to collect GPS locations for all gas stations in the databaselocations for all gas stations in the database
Web ServiceWeb ServiceWeb access, whether public or secure, can Web access, whether public or secure, can
provide provide direct access to data for intended partiesdirect access to data for intended parties
Maintaining Currency of Maintaining Currency of Dynamic DataDynamic Data
Many operation databases are dynamic Many operation databases are dynamic by nature (space and time)by nature (space and time)
Dynamic databases often have missing Dynamic databases often have missing records for new datarecords for new data
Dynamic Databases often include old Dynamic Databases often include old records that should be deletedrecords that should be deleted
Multiple copies of dynamic data result in Multiple copies of dynamic data result in different users having access to different different users having access to different informationinformation
During emergency operation During emergency operation everyone needs everyone needs
to be on the same page!to be on the same page!
Lessons Learned from 2008Lessons Learned from 2008 Data OwnershipData Ownership
Agencies with data useful in emergencies need to Agencies with data useful in emergencies need to identify those sources, maintain them, and make identify those sources, maintain them, and make
them them available .available . Location AccuracyLocation Accuracy
GPS locations should be gathered for as many GPS locations should be gathered for as many critical critical databases as possible.databases as possible.
These locations need to be maintained by the These locations need to be maintained by the agencies agencies that “own” the data. that “own” the data.
Data QualityData QualityQA, QC should be a constant commitment. Prior to QA, QC should be a constant commitment. Prior to hurricane season each agency should ensure the hurricane season each agency should ensure the
quality of their data.quality of their data. Data AccessData Access
Web Services make an excellent means for sharing Web Services make an excellent means for sharing and and distributing data. These assets should be distributing data. These assets should be prepositioned prepositioned before hurricane season. before hurricane season.
LA DOTD GIS ContactsLA DOTD GIS Contacts
Jim Mitchell - IT GIS Manager [email protected] 225-379-1881 CJ Marchand - IT GIS Database
Manager/ Web Developer [email protected] 225-379-1913 Doug Albert – IT GIS Technical
Specialist [email protected] 225-379-1811
Website: http://gis.dotd.la.gov/